Search results for "perception"

The impact of information given to patients' families: breast cancer risk notification

2012

ABSTRACT: A family history of breast cancer is a clear risk for developing the disease. Therefore, when a woman is diagnosed with breast cancer all her female first degree relatives become population at risk. This involve a number of important aspects to be taken into account by psychooncology professionals. (a) First, in addition to the stress associated with the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer in a close relative, first degree relatives of breast cancer patients have the added stress of learning that they are at risk of this disease. (b) Second, these women become the main target of secondary breast cancer prevention strategies. However, various reports show that a considerable p…

Evaluation of knowledge, experience and perceptions about medical emergencies amongst dental graduates (Interns) of Belgaum City, India

2011

Introduction: Medical emergencies can occur frequently in dental setting. Effective management of an emergency situation in the dental office is ultimately the dentist's responsibility. The lack of training and inability to cope with medical emergencies can lead to tragic consequences and sometimes legal action. For this reason, all health professionals including dentists must be well prepared to attend to medical emergencies. Providing basic life support [BLS] is dentist's most important contribution until definitive treatment for a medical emergency can be given. Hence the study is aimed to assess the dental graduates (Interns) knowledge, skills and competency regarding dentistry-medical …

Tu1320 Personality Traits, Defense Mechanisms and Perception of Quality of Life (QOL) in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) and Matched C…

2012

Illness perceptions of COVID-19 in Europe: Predictors, impacts and temporal evolution

2021

Objective: Illness perceptions (IP) are important predictors of emotional and behavioral responses in many diseases. The current study aims to investigate the COVID-19-related IP throughout Europe. The specific goals are to understand the temporal development, identify predictors (within demographics and contact with COVID-19) and examine the impacts of IP on perceived stress and preventive behaviors. Methods: This was a time-series-cross-section study of 7, 032 participants from 16 European countries using multilevel modeling from April to June 2020. IP were measured with the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire. Temporal patterns were observed considering the date of participation and t…

2019

The effect of sensory experience on hemispheric specialisation for language production is not well understood. Children born deaf, including those who have cochlear implants, have drastically different perceptual experiences of language than their hearing peers. Using functional transcranial Doppler sonography (fTCD), we measured lateralisation during language production in a heterogeneous group of 19 deaf children and in 19 hearing children, matched on language ability. In children born deaf, we observed significant left lateralisation during language production (British Sign Language, spoken English, or a combination of languages). There was no difference in the strength of lateralisation…

Brain event-related potentials (ERPs) measured at birth predict later language development in children with and without familial risk for dyslexia.

2005

We report associations between brain event-related potentials (ERPs) measured from newborns with and without familial risk for dyslexia and these same children's later language and verbal memory skills at 2.5, 3.5, and 5 years of age. ERPs to synthetic consonant-vowel syllables (/ba/, /da/, /ga/; presented equiprobably with 3,910-7,285 msec interstimulus intervals) were recorded from 26 newborns at risk for familial dyslexia and 23 control infants participating in the Jyvaskyla Longitudinal Study of Dyslexia. The correlation and regression analyses showed that the at-risk type of response pattern at birth (a slower shift in polarity from positivity to negativity in responses to /ga/ at 540-…

Decorative elements in the medical imaging area improve patients’ perception of pleasantness

2014

Abstract Objectives To evaluate the sensation of pleasantness perceived by patients attended in the radiology department in response to decorative elements hung on the walls in the waiting rooms and in the hallways of the imaging area. Material and methods The material resources comprised works of art in the form of “magic windows” representing scenes from nature installed on the ceilings and walls of the waiting area and hallways of the imaging area. Patients were given a brief questionnaire with general data and questions (sadness–cheerfulness, coldness–warmth, darkness–light, and pessimism–optimism) about their perception of the decorative elements. Results Of the 150 questionnaires coll…

Academic competence, teacher–student relationship, and violence and victimisation in adolescents: The classroom climate as a mediator

2021

School violence is a serious social and public health problem prevalent worldwide. Although the relevance of teacher and classroom factors is well established in the literature, few studies have focused on the role of teacher perceptions in school violence and victimisation and the potential mediational role of classroom climate in this relationship. A total of 2399 adolescents (50% girls), aged between 11 and 18 years (M = 14.65, SD = 1.78) and enrolled in five Spanish Secondary Compulsory Education schools completed measures of classroom climate, school violence towards peers and perception of peer victimisation, and their teachers informed about their academic competence and the teacher&…

Emotional modulation of pain: A clinical perspective

2006

a Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Heidelberg, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany b Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, University of Heidelberg, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany c Department of Clinical Psychology, Johannes-Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany d Institute of Physiology und Pathophysiology, Johannes-Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany

Deviance detection in sound frequency in simple and complex sounds in urethane-anesthetized rats

2019

Mismatch negativity (MMN), which is an electrophysiological response demonstrated in humans and animals, reflects memory-based deviance detection in a series of sounds. However, only a few studies on rodents have used control conditions that were sufficient in eliminating confounding factors that could also explain differential responses to deviant sounds. Furthermore, it is unclear if change detection occurs similarly for sinusoidal and complex sounds. In this study, we investigated frequency change detection in urethane-anesthetized rats by recording local-field potentials from the dura above the auditory cortex. We studied change detection in sinusoidal and complex sounds in a series of …