Search results for "peripheral"

110 Membrane labeling by colored lipid-analogues and photoaffinity labeling of membrane proteins by colored hydrophobic azido-probes

1992

2015

Myelin basic proteins (MBP) are major constituents of the myelin sheath in the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). In the CNS Mbp translation occurs locally at the axon-glial contact site in a neuronal activity-dependent manner. Recently we identified the small non-coding RNA 715 (sncRNA715) as a key inhibitor of Mbp translation during transport in oligodendrocytes. Mbp mRNA localization in Schwann cells has been observed, but has not been investigated in much detail. Here we could confirm translational repression of Mbp mRNA in Schwann cells. We show that sncRNA715 is expressed and its levels correlate inversely with MBP in cultured Schwann cells and in th…

Anodal tDCS over the left prefrontal cortex does not cause clinically significant changes in circulating metabolites

2020

Background: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), a putative treatment for depression, has been proposed to affect peripheral metabolism. Metabolic products from brain tissue may also cross the blood–brain barrier, reflecting the conditions in the brain. However, there are no previous data regarding the effect of tDCS on circulating metabolites.\ud Objective: To determine whether five daily sessions of tDCS modulate peripheral metabolites in healthy adult men.\ud Methods: This double-blind, randomized controlled trial involved 79 healthy males (aged 20–40 years) divided into two groups, one receiving tDCS (2 mA) and the other sham stimulated. The anode was placed over the left dor…

MicroRNAs, the immune system and rheumatic disease.

2008

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of rheumatic disease and are, therefore, a potential target for drug development. This Review describes the well-established roles of miRNAs in hematopoiesis and the immune response, the molecular action of miRNAs in the simultaneous post-transcriptional regulation of multiple targets, and the evidence for roles of specific miRNAs in rheumatic disease. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short noncoding RNA molecules that modulate the expression of multiple target genes at the post-transcriptional level and are implicated in a wide array of cellular and developmental processes. In hematopoietic cells, miRNA levels are dynamically regulated duri…

Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy is Associated With Diabetic Kidney Disease and Cardiovascular Disease:The Silesia Diabetes-Heart Project

2023

Microvascular complications of diabetes seem to be clustered and put patients at higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD). This was a questionnaire-based study designed to screen for the presence of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), defined as the score in the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI) above 2, and to evaluate its association with other complication of diabetes, including CVD. There were 184 patients included into the study. The prevalence of DPN in the study group was 37.5%. The regression model analysis revealed that the presence of DPN was significantly associated with the presence of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) (P = 0.0034;) and patient's age (P…

One-step polymerase chain reaction-based typing of Helicobacter pylori vacA gene: association with gastric histopathology.

2000

Heterogeneity of the Helicobacter pylori vacA gene may be associated with bacterial virulence and presentation. In this study, the possible correlation between vacA genotypes and gastric histopathology was investigated. Using a modified one-step polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based method, 122 of 131 H. pylori isolates obtained from 63 of 67 patients from Germany were classified into distinct vacA genotypes according to their signal sequence (s1 or s2) and their midregion alleles (m1 or m2). A possible subtype of m1, now alluded to as m3, was identified in one-third of the isolates. Signal sequence s1 was significantly associated with higher H. pylori density but not with gastric inflammat…

Attālinātas fotopletizmogrāfijas metode femorāla nerva blokādes monitorēšanai

2020

Virsrakst: Attālinātas fotopletizmogrāfijas metode femorāla nerva blokādes monitorēšanai. Priekšvēsture: Attālināta fotopletizmogrāfija (aFPG) ir neinvazīva ādas mikrocirckulācijas izvērtēšanas metode, ko potenciāli var izmantot reģionālas anestēzijas sekmīguma pārbaudei. Viena no reģionālas anestēzijas problēmām ir vēlīnā un subjektīvā bloka iznākuma prognozēšana. Mērķis: Izvērtēt ādas mikrocirkulācijas izmaiņas ceļa locītavas ādā pēc prolongētas femorāla nerva blokādes ar aFPG metodi. Izvērtēt aFPG metodes efektivitāti diferencēšanā starp placebo un lokālo anestētiķu injekciju femorāla nerva blokādes laikā. Uzdevumi: 1. Izvērtēt aFPG spēju identificēt šļirci ar lokālo anestētiķi vai place…

Membrane insertion and topology of the TRanslocating chain-Associating Membrane protein (TRAM)

2011

The translocating chain-associating membrane protein (TRAM) is a glycoprotein involved in the translocation of secreted proteins into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumen and in the insertion of integral membrane proteins into the lipid bilayer. As a major step toward elucidating the structure of the functional ER translocation/insertion machinery, we have characterized the membrane integration mechanism and the transmembrane topology of TRAM using two approaches: photocross-linking and truncated C-terminal reporter tag fusions. Our data indicate that TRAM is recognized by the signal recognition particle and translocon components, and suggest a membrane topology with eight transmembrane seg…

Functional competition within a membrane: Lipid recognition vs. transmembrane helix oligomerization

2015

Abstract Binding of specific lipids to large, polytopic membrane proteins is well described, and it is clear that such lipids are crucial for protein stability and activity. In contrast, binding of defined lipid species to individual transmembrane helices and regulation of transmembrane helix monomer–oligomer equilibria by binding of distinct lipids is a concept, which has emerged only lately. Lipids bind to single-span membrane proteins, both in the juxta-membrane region as well as in the hydrophobic membrane core. While some interactions counteract transmembrane helix oligomerization, in other cases lipid binding appears to enhance oligomerization. As reversible oligomerization is involve…

Oligomerization of polytopic α-helical membrane proteins: causes and consequences

2012

Abstract Several polytopic α-helical membrane-integrated proteins appear to be organized in higher-ordered oligomeric complexes. While many aspects are still enigmatic, in recent years, the physiological impact of membrane protein oligomerization has been analyzed to some extent. In the present article, oligomerization of structurally well-defined membrane proteins is discussed. The available experimental information indicates the causes and physiological consequences of membrane protein oligomerization, including stabilization, cooperative functions, and control of specific activities. Based on the currently available observations, we aim to derive some general principles and discuss open …