Search results for "pero"
showing 10 items of 3365 documents
Leukocytes in neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinoses: function and apoptosis
1997
The neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinoses (NCL) are a group of progressive encephalopathies with a fatal course that are mostly of autosomal recessive inheritance. The pathophysiological mechanisms causing the diseases are not known. The characteristic histomorphological feature of the NCL is an abnormal lysosomal accumulation of lipopigments in neural and extraneural cells, including peripheral blood leukocytes. We studied the function of peripheral venous blood immunocompetent cells in ten patients with NCL and in age- and sex-matched controls to determine how, if at all, the accumulation of intracytoplasmic storage material influences the functional capacity of affected tissue. Our results did …
Cognitive impairment is related to oxidative stress and chemokine levels in first psychotic episodes.
2011
Abstract Introduction This study measures the levels of various markers of oxidative stress and inflammation in blood samples from first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients, and examines the association between these peripheral biomarkers and cognitive performance at 6 months after treatment. Methods Twenty-eight FEP patients and 28 healthy controls (matched by age, sex and educational level) had blood samples taken at admission for assessment of total antioxidant status, superoxide dismutase (SOD), total glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase, lipid peroxidation, nitrites and the chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). A battery of cognitive tests was also app…
Asthmatic Bronchial Epithelium Is More Susceptible to Oxidant-Induced Apoptosis
2002
Abnormal apoptotic mechanisms are associated with disease pathogenesis. Because the asthmatic bronchial epithelium is characteristically damaged with loss of columnar epithelial cells, we postulated that this is due to unscheduled apoptosis. Using an antibody directed toward the caspase cleavage product of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, immunohistochemistry applied to endobronchial biopsies showed higher levels of staining in the bronchial epithelium of subjects with asthma as compared with normal control subjects (% epithelial staining [median (range) = 10.5 (1.4-24.5) versus 0.4 (0.0-9.7)]; P < 0.001). Because we were unable to determine whether this difference was due to ongoing inflammati…
Oxygen Radical Production by Alveolar Inflammatory Cells in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
1990
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic inflammatory interstitial lung disease characterized by the accumulation of alveolar macrophages (AMs) and neutrophils in the lower respiratory tract, parenchymal cell injury, and fibrosis of the alveolar structure. Reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI) are claimed to be a major cause of tissue damage in IPF; however, the source of ROI has not been unequivocally identified. AMs, as well as neutrophils, are capable of releasing these agents. The contributions of these possible sources are not known. To address this question, we evaluated the spontaneous and stimulated (PMA or zymosan) ROI release of total bronchoalveolar cells and isolated AMs i…
Glutathione and glutathione peroxidase in sputum samples of adult patients with cystic fibrosis
2004
AbstractBackground: Reduced glutathione (GSH) is a major antioxidant in the lung. In cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, extracellular GSH levels of lower airways, obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), were reported to be lower than non-CF individuals. Methods: Upper airway secretions of stable adult CF patients (29 spontaneous and 13 induced sputum) and non-CF individuals (14 healthy and 12 asthmatics; all induced sputum) were analyzed for total glutathione (i.e. the sum of reduced, GSH, and oxidized, GSSG, forms), GSH and GSSG levels by enzymatic kinetic assay. Results: In CF, both spontaneous and induced sputum samples were comparable in total glutathione levels which were surprisingly hi…
Refractive lens exchange with the Acri. Twin asymmetric diffractive bifocal intraocular lens system
2009
PURPOSE To evaluate efficacy, safety, and predictability after refractive lens exchange (RLE) in patients who had implantation of asymmetric Acri.Twin bifocal diffractive intraocular lenses. METHODS The study comprised 130 eyes of 65 consecutive patients after RLE who had bilateral implantation of the Acri.Twin system. Eyes were divided into myopic and hyperopic groups. Binocular uncorrected distance visual acuity, best-corrected distance visual acuity (BCVA), uncorrected distance near visual acuity, and best distance-corrected near visual acuity (BCNVA) were recorded preoperatively and 6 months after surgery. RESULTS Efficacy indexes were 0.99 for myopic and 0.93 for hyperopic patients at …
New Immunohistologic Findings on the Differential Role of Cyclooxygenase 1 and Cyclooxygenase 2 in Nasal Polyposis
2005
Background Cyclooxygenase 1 (Cox-1) plays a key role in arachidonic acid metabolism and in the pathophysiology and immunology of nasal polyposis in patients suffering from aspirin intolerance. We hypothesize that Cox-2 also might be relevant in the etiology of nasal polyps of aspirin-tolerant patients by their effects on inflammatory mediators as well as on microvascular permeability. Methods Fifty-two surgical specimens were immunohistochemically labeled for Cox-1 and Cox-2. Specimens were taken from chronically inflamed mucosa (n = 19) and from nasal polyps (n = 19) during endonasal sinus surgery. Controls were obtained from healthy nasal respiratory mucosa (n = 14), harvested during turb…
Chronic occupational noise exposure: Effects on DNA damage, blood pressure, and serum biochemistry
2019
Abstract Noise levels experienced by industrial workers may cause both auditory and non-auditory harmful effects. We have studied the effects of chronic industrial noise exposure on DNA damage, blood pressure, and serum biochemistry in factory workers. Male workers (109 individuals) in three parts of a food factory in Shahroud, Iran were enrolled as the exposed group and male office workers (123 individuals) were the unexposed control group. Noise exposure was measured (dosimetry) and the comet assay was used to evaluate DNA damage in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and ceruloplasmin (Cp) levels were measured in serum samples. GPx levels, systolic and diasto…
Different effectiveness of two pastas supplemented with either lipophilic or hydrophilic/phenolic antioxidants in affecting serum as evaluated by the…
2017
Effectiveness in improving serum antioxidant status of two functional pastas was evaluated by the novel Antioxidant/ Oxidant Balance (AOB) parameter, calculated as Antioxidant Capacity (AC)/Peroxide Level ratio, assessed here for the first time. In particular, Bran Oleoresin (BO) and Bran Water (BW) pastas, enriched respectively with either lipophilic (tocochromanols, carotenoids) or hydrophilic/phenolic antioxidants extracted from durum wheat bran, were studied. Notably, BO pasta was able to improve significantly (+65%) serum AOB during four hours after intake similarly to Lisosan G, a wheat antioxidant-rich dietary supplement. Contrarily, BW pasta had oxidative effect on serum so as conve…
Polymorphisms of cyclo-oxygenases and 5-lipo-oxygenase-activating protein are associated with chronic spontaneous urticaria and urinary leukotriene E4
2011
The mechanisms of chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) continue to be unknown. Our working hypothesis is that polymorphisms of cyclo-oxygenases and 5-lipo-oxygenase-activating protein may be involved in the pathways leading to CSU. We examined five candidate polymorphisms of cyclo-oxygenases 1 and 2 and of 5-lipo-oxygenase-activating protein in 109 controls and in 94 CSU patients from Northern Italy. We also examined the levels of urinary leukotriene E4 (LTE4) before and after challenge with ASA. A multiple regression model was found to show that COX-2 5'UTR T/G, COX-2 Exon 10 T/C, and FLAP -336 G/A polymorphisms were significantly associated with CSU, with the minor allele more represented …