Search results for "phenols"
showing 10 items of 766 documents
Carob leaf polyphenols trigger intrinsic apoptotic pathway and induce cell cycle arrest in colon cancer cells
2017
IF 3.973; International audience; Chemoprevention of Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the major concern for improving public health. We investigated the protective effects of carob, Ceratonia siliqua L, leaf polyphenols (CLP) against CRC. Phenolic content analysis showed that CLP is enriched with gallic acid and m-coumaric acid. We observed that CLP exerted a dose dependent cytotoxic effect through the induction of apoptosis on CRC cell lines, with an IC50 around 20 mu g/mL CLP induced intrinsic apoptotic pathway through the caspase-9 activation and PARP cleavage in HCT-116 and CT-26 cells. Moreover, CLP induced cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase through p53 activation. Gallic acid and m-coumaric …
Polyphenols from Pennisetum glaucum grains induce MAP kinase phosphorylation and cell cycle arrest in human osteosarcoma cells
2019
Abstract Osteosarcoma is the most common bone tumor with a high prevalence among children and adolescents. Polyphenols are widely investigated for their chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic proprieties. In the present study, we explored the pro-apoptotic effects of pearl millet, Pennisetum glaucum, phenolic compounds (PGPC) on osteosarcoma U-2OS cells. Our results show that PGPC induced U-2OS cells death, in a dose dependent manner, with an IC50 of 80 μg/mL. Annexin-V and 7-AAD staining show that PGPC induced cell death mainly through caspase-dependent apoptosis as shown by a decrease in cell death when co-treated with pan-caspase inhibitor, N-benzyloxycarbonyl-Val-Ala-Asp-fluoromethylketon…
Pomological Traits, Sensory Profile and Nutraceutical Properties of Nine Cultivars of Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) Fruits Grown in Mediterrane…
2016
In this paper the diversity of fruit quality within nine loquat cultivars, including five international affirmed cultivars (Algerie, Golden Nugget, Peluche, Bueno, El Buenet) and four local cultivars (Sanfilippara, Nespolone di Trabia, BRT20 and Claudia), were investigated in order to discriminate the variation in pomological characteristics, sensory profile, and antioxidant properties. Finally, to evaluate potential bioactivity, antiproliferative activity of hydrophilic extracts from loquat fruits was assessed, at dietary relevant concentrations, against three human epithelial cell lines. Even though the international cultivars confirmed an appropriate level of commercial qualities in asso…
The roles of gut microbiota and circadian rhythm in the cardiovascular protective effects of polyphenols
2019
Polyphenols are secondary metabolites of plants that have been widely studied for their health benefits as antioxidants. In the last decade, several clinical trials and epidemiological studies have shown that long-term consumption of polyphenol-rich diet protects against chronic diseases such as cancers and cardiovascular diseases. Current cardiovascular studies have also suggested an important role of gut microbiota and circadian rhythm in the pathogenesis metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. It is known that polyphenols can modulate the composition of core gut microbiota and interact with circadian clocks. In this article, we summarize recent findings, review the molecular mechanisms an…
Formation of 2-nitrophenol from salicylaldehyde as a suitable test for low peroxynitrite fluxes
2016
There has been some dispute regarding reaction products formed at physiological peroxynitrite fluxes in the nanomolar range with phenolic molecules, when used to predict the behavior of protein-bound aromatic amino acids like tyrosine. Previous data showed that at nanomolar fluxes of peroxynitrite, nitration of these phenolic compounds was outcompeted by dimerization (e.g. biphenols or dityrosine). Using 3-morpholino sydnonimine (Sin-1), we created low fluxes of peroxynitrite in our reaction set-up to demonstrate that salicylaldehyde displays unique features in the detection of physiological fluxes of peroxynitrite, yielding detectable nitration but only minor dimerization products. By mean…
Introduction: Novel hybrid combinations containing synthetic or antibiotic drugs with plant-derived phenolic or terpenoid compounds
2017
Abstract Background There is a paradigm shift in chemotherapy from mono-drug therapy towards multidrug combination regimens. Natural products from medicinal plants may play an important role for the design of novel combination therapy protocols. Hypothesis We introduce the novel term “hybrid combination” for the therapeutic combination of chemically defined plant-derived constituents (e.g. phenolic or terpenoid compounds with synthetic or antibiotic drugs to increase pharmacological activity and simultaneously toxic side effects. Study design Several literature databases were screened on the combination of phenolic/terpenoid compounds with synthetic/antibiotic drugs. Results Phenolic compou…
Starter cultures as biocontrol strategy to prevent Brettanomyces bruxellensis proliferation in wine
2017
Brettanomyces bruxellensis is a common and significant wine spoilage microorganism. B. bruxellensis strains generally detain the molecular basis to produce compounds that are detrimental for the organoleptic quality of the wine, including some classes of volatile phenols that derive from the sequential bioconversion of specific hydroxycinnamic acids such as ferulate and p-coumarate. Although B. bruxellensis can be detected at any stage of the winemaking process, it is typically isolated at the end of the alcoholic fermentation (AF), before the staring of the spontaneous malolactic fermentation (MLF) or during barrel aging. For this reason, the endemic diffusion of B. bruxellensis leads to c…
Prevention from radiation damage by natural products
2018
Abstract Background Radiotherapy is a mainstay of cancer treatment since decades. Ionizing radiation (IR) is used for destruction of cancer cells and shrinkage of tumors. However, the increase of radioresistance in cancer cells and radiation toxicity to normal tissues are severe concerns. The exposure to radiation generates intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), which leads to DNA damage by lipid peroxidation, removal of thiol groups from cellular and membrane proteins, strand breaks and base alterations. Hypothesis Plants have to deal with radiation-induced damage (UV-light of sun, other natural radiation sources). Therefore, it is worth speculating that radioprotective mechanisms ha…
From Ecology to Biotechnology, Study of the Defense Strategies of Algae and Halophytes (from Trapani Saltworks, NW Sicily) with a Focus on Antioxidan…
2019
This study aimed at the characterization of the antioxidant power of polyphenol extracts (PE) obtained from the algae Cystoseira foeniculacea (CYS) (Phaeophyta) and from the halophyte Halocnemum strobilaceum (HAL), growing in the solar saltworks of western Sicily (Italy), and at the evaluation of their anti-microfouling properties, in order to correlate these activities to defense strategies in extreme environmental conditions. The antioxidant properties were assessed in the PE based on the total antioxidant activity test and the reducing power test
Fruit and vegetable consumption and health outcomes: an umbrella review of observational studies
2019
The aim of this study was to provide a comprehensive evaluation of current evidence on fruit and vegetable consumption and health outcomes. A systematic search for quantitative syntheses was performed. Several criteria, including study design, dose-response relationship, heterogeneity and agreement of results over time, and identification of potential confounding factors, were used to assess the level of evidence. The strongest (probable) evidence was found for cardiovascular disease protection; possible evidence for decreased risk of colon cancer, depression and pancreatic diseases was found for fruit intake; and colon and rectal cancer, hip fracture, stroke, depression and pancreatic dise…