Search results for "phonons"
showing 10 items of 33 documents
Isotopic Effect In Extended X-Ray-Absorption Fine Structure of Germanium
2008
Extended x-ray absorption fine structure has been measured on two powdered samples of 70Ge and 76Ge as a function of temperature from 20 to 300 K. The effect of isotopic mass difference on the amplitude of relative atomic vibrations is neatly evidenced by the temperature dependence of the difference of Debye-Waller factors. The isotopic effect is also detected on the difference of nearest-neighbor average ineratomic distances, thanks to a resolution better than 10 fm. (DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.055901)
Pressure dependence of the refractive index in wurtzite and rocksalt indium nitride
2014
We have performed high-pressure Fourier transform infrared reflectance measurements on a freestanding InN thin film to determine the refractive index of wurtzite InN and its high-pressure rocksalt phase as a function of hydrostatic pressure. From a fit to the experimental refractive-index curves including the effect of the high-energy optical gaps, phonons, free carriers, and the direct (fundamental) band-gap in the case of wurtzite InN, we obtain pressure coefficients for the lowfrequency (electronic) dielectric constant e1 . Negative pressure coefficients of -8.8 × 10-2 GPa-1 and -14.8 × 10-2 GPa-1 are obtained for the wurtzite and rocksalt phases, respectively. The results are discussed …
Magneto-optical Investigations of Nanostructured Materials Based on Single Molecule Magnets Monitor Strong Environmental Effects
2007
The determination of the magnetic properties of molecular magnets in environments similar to those used in spintronic devices is fundamental for the development of applications. Single-molecule magnets (SMMs) are molecular cluster systems that display magnetic hysteresis of dynamical origin at low temperature. As they behave like perfectly monodisperse nanomagnets and show clear macroscopic quantum effects in their magnetic properties, they are extremely appealing candidates for the forthcoming generation of molecular devices: they have been proposed as efficient systems for quantum computation, ultra-high-density magnetic recording media, and molecular spintronic systems. These attractive …
Splitting of the surface phonon modes in wurtzite nanowires
2013
We analyze the surface optical modes of GaN nanowires (NW) and perform a comparative study with the characteristics expected for other polar NWs. The theoretical analysis of the modes is performed within the context of the effective medium theory that takes into account the dipolar interaction between neighboring NWs (Maxwell-Garnett approximation). It is shown that deviations of the exciting light from the NWs axis, which coincides with the wurtzite c-axis, result in the anticrossing of two distinct surface phonon branches, leading to their splitting in axial and planar components and the appearance of two peaks in the Raman spectra. Additional calculations are performed that determine th…
High-Pressure Softening of the Out-of-Plane A2u(Transverse-Optic) Mode of Hexagonal Boron Nitride Induced by Dynamical Buckling
2019
We investigate the highly anisotropic behavior of the in-plane and out-of-plane infrared-active phonons of hexagonal boron nitride by means of infrared reflectivity and absorption measurements under high pressure. Infrared reflectivity spectra at normal incidence on high-quality single crystals show strict fulfillment of selection rules and an unusually long E1u[transverse-optic (TO)] phonon lifetime. Accurate values of the dielectric constants at ambient pressure ϵ0= 6.96, ϵ∞= 4.95, ϵ 0= 3.37, and ϵ∞ = 2.84 have been determined from fits to the reflectivity spectra. The out-of-plane A2u phonon reflectivity band is revealed in measurements on an inclined facet, and absorption measurements a…
Electron-phonon heat transport and electronic thermal conductivity in heavily doped silicon-on-insulator film
2003
Electron–phonon interaction and electronic thermal conductivity have been investigated in heavily doped silicon at subKelvin temperatures. The heat flow between electron and phonon systems is found to be proportional to T6. Utilization of a superconductor–semiconductor–superconductor thermometer enables a precise measurement of electron and substrate temperatures. The electronic thermal conductivity is consistent with the Wiedemann–Franz law. Peer reviewed
Single Molecule Studies of a Ladder Type Conjugated Polymer: Vibronic Spectra, Line Widths, and Energy Transfer
2014
Confocal fluorescence microscopy and spectroscopy are employed to investigate single poly(ladder-type pentaphenylene) (LPPentP) molecules dispersed in thin poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) films at 1.2 K. Emission spectra of single chains show single as well as multi-chromophore emission indicating variegated communication along the chains. The vibronic structure in the emission spectra resembles the one found for other ladder-type polymers. Purely electronic zero-phonon lines in emission are substantially broadened, most probably due to fast spectral diffusion. By surmounting the limitations of emission spectroscopy, nonemitting donor chromophores, which transfer their excitation energy in…
Engineering thermal conductance using a two-dimensional phononic crystal
2014
Controlling thermal transport has become relevant in recent years. Traditionally, this control has been achieved by tuning the scattering of phonons by including various types of scattering centres in the material (nanoparticles, impurities, etc). Here we take another approach and demonstrate that one can also use coherent band structure effects to control phonon thermal conductance, with the help of periodically nanostructured phononic crystals. We perform the experiments at low temperatures below 1 K, which not only leads to negligible bulk phonon scattering, but also increases the wavelength of the dominant thermal phonons by more than two orders of magnitude compared to room temperature…
Lattice dynamics study of nanocrystalline yttrium gallium garnet at high pressure
2014
This work reports an experimental and theoretical lattice dynamics study of nanocrystalline Y3Ga5O12 (YGG) garnet at high pressures. Raman scattering measurements in nanocrystalline Tm3+-doped YGG garnet performed up to 29 GPa have been compared to lattice dynamics ab initio calculations for bulk garnet carried out up to 89 GPa. Good agreement between the theoretical vibrational modes of bulk crystal and the experimental modes measured in the nanocrystals is found. The contribution of GaO4 tetrahedra and GaO6 octahedra to the different phonon modes of YGG is discussed on the basis of the calculated total and partial phonon density of states. Symmetries, frequencies, and pressure coefficient…
Time-Resolved Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering of Graphene: Dephasing Dynamics of Optical Phonon.
2017
We report dynamics of the G-mode in graphene probed with time-resolved coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering measurements. By applying BOXCARS excitation geometry with three different excitation wavelengths, various nonlinear processes can be selectively detected due to energy and momentum conservation and temporal sequence of the pulses. The Raman signal due to resonant coherent excitation of the G-mode shows exponential decay with lifetime of ∼325 ± 50 fs. This decay time is shorter than expected based on the line width of the G-mode in the Raman spectrum. We propose that the unexpectedly short dephasing time is a result of dynamic variation of nonadiabatic coupling of the photoexcited el…