Search results for "plasma cells"
showing 10 items of 20 documents
Mast cells enhance proliferation of B lymphocytes and drive their differentiation toward IgA-secreting plasma cells.
2010
AbstractThe evidence of a tight spatial interaction between mast cells (MCs) and B lymphocytes in secondary lymphoid organs, along with the data regarding the abundance of MCs in several B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders prompted us to investigate whether MCs could affect the proliferation and differentiation of B cells. To this aim, we performed coculture assays using mouse splenic B cells and bone marrow–derived MCs. Both nonsensitized and activated MCs proved able to induce a significant inhibition of cell death and an increase in proliferation of naive B cells. Such proliferation was further enhanced in activated B cells. This effect relied on cell-cell contact and MC-derived interle…
Immunological investigations in two brothers with ataxia telangiectasia Louis-Bar
1976
Two of three brothers with the classical signs of ataxia telangiectasia were investigated for their immunological disorders at the ages of 13 and 16 years, respectively. The elder brother also suffers from autoimmune hemolytic anemia, a complication which has not yet been described in the course of ataxia telangiectasia. Immunological investigations made in both brothers showed a reduction in the number and function of T lymphocytes. The number of B lymphocytes was normal, among which there were cells staining for IgA, although serum IgA was absent. It seems possible that this phenomenon is caused by a disturbance in the process of maturation of lymphoid cells with a lack of differentiation…
Reactive plasmacytoses are expansions of plasmablasts retaining the capacity to differentiate into plasma cells.
1999
Abstract Circulating plasma cells in 10 cases of reactive plasmacytosis had a shared phenotype with early plasma cell (CD19+CD38+ CD138+ CD40+CD45+ CD11a+ CD49e−CD56−). In most cases, a minor subpopulation of CD28+ plasma cells was also detected. Reactive plasma cells were highly proliferative, suggesting the presence of circulating progenitors (plasmablasts). After CD138+ plasma cell removal, highly proliferative CD138− plasmablasts differentiated into CD138+ plasma cells within a few days. This differentiation, which was associated with increased CD38 and decreased HLA-DR expression, was further confirmed by a large increase in intracellular Ig content (associated with Ig secretion) and w…
Old and new immunophenotypic markers in multiple myeloma for discrimination of responding and relapsing patients: The importance of "normal" residual…
2014
Background Multiple myeloma is an incurable disease characterized by proliferation of clonal malignant plasma cells (CPCs), which can be immunophenotypically distinguished from polyclonal plasma cells (PPCs) by multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC). The utility of PPCs analysis in detecting prognostic and predictive information is still a matter of debate. Methods: we tested the ability of 11 MFC markers in detecting differences in the immunophenotype of CPCs and PPCs among patients in various disease stages; we verified if these markers could be associated with disease stage/response to therapy despite the role of clinical parameters. Results: significant changes in the expression of markers…
Primary cutaneous plasmacytosis in a child. Is this a new entity?
2002
Plasma cell proliferations represent a heterogeneous spectrum of disorders. A 7-year-old Caucasian female had suffered an asymptomatic eruption on the trunk for 4 years. Physical examination revealed a plaque with scattered red-brown papules and nodules. Chemical analysis revealed normal proteinaemia. Histological examination of biopsy specimens showed dense perivascular and periadnexal infiltrate, consisting largely of plasma cells, in the superficial and deep dermis. Immunohistochemical study showed that many cells of the infiltrate were CD20 positive. The plasma cells expressed kappa and lambda light chains. The girl's status (age; absence of hypergammaglobulinaemia, lymphadenopathy and …
Interstitial cystitis with plasma cell bladder infiltration: case report and literature review.
2010
We report the case of a 76 ys-old woman with overactive bladder syndrome, determined by an histological exam of interstitial cystitis with plasma cell infiltration. To the best of our knowledge, in literature only a similar case has been described. The patient has been treated with corticosteroid therapy allowing a transitory benefit; despite this fact, after side effects have been shown, this therapy has been interrupted leading to the worsening of the previous sintomatology. Therefore the patient has undergone to radical cystectomy with orthotopic ileal neobladder. The phlogistic infiltration of the bladder wall is represented by the plasma cells for over 90% of the whole population. In a…
Spatial transcriptome of a germinal center plasmablastic burst hints at MYD88/CD79B mutants-enriched diffuse large B-cell lymphomas
2022
The GC reaction results in the selection of B cells acquiring effector Ig secreting ability by progressing toward plasmablastic differentiation. This transition is associated with exclusion from the GC microenvironment. The aberrant expansion of plasmablastic elements within the GC fringes configures an atypical condition, the biological characteristics of which have not been defined yet. We investigated the in situ immunophenotypical and transcriptional characteristics of a nonclonal germinotropic expansion of plasmablastic elements (GEx) occurring in the tonsil of a young patient. Compared to neighboring GC and perifollicular regions, the GEx showed a distinctive signature featuring key r…
Osteoclast Immunosuppressive Effects in Multiple Myeloma: Role of Programmed Cell Death Ligand 1
2018
Immunomodulatory drugs and monoclonal antibody-based immunotherapies have significantly improved the prognosis of the patients with multiple myeloma (MM) in the recent years. These new classes of reagents target malignant plasma cells (PCs) and further modulate the immune microenvironment, which prolongs anti-MM responses and may prevent tumor occurrence. Since MM remains an incurable cancer for most patients, there continues to be a need to identify new tumor target molecules and investigate alternative cellular approaches using gene therapeutic strategies and novel treatment mechanisms. Osteoclasts (OCs), as critical multi-nucleated large cells responsible for bone destruction in >80% …
IFI16 expression is related to selected transcription factors during B-cell differentiation
2015
The interferon-inducible DNA sensor IFI16 is involved in the modulation of cellular survival, proliferation, and differentiation. In the hematopoietic system, IFI16 is consistently expressed in the CD34+ stem cells and in peripheral blood lymphocytes; however, little is known regarding its regulation during maturation of B- and T-cells. We explored the role of IFI16 in normal B-cell subsets by analysing its expression and relationship with the major transcription factors involved in germinal center (GC) development and plasma-cell (PC) maturation.IFI16mRNA was differentially expressed in B-cell subsets with significant decrease inIFI16mRNA in GC and PCs with respect to naïve and memory subs…
Papel del médico de familia en el diagnóstico concomitante de mieloma y amiloidosis primaria en una misma paciente. Caso clínico
2018
Multiple Myeloma is a myeloproliferative disorder of plasma cells, which may be complicated with secondary amyloidosis. We report a 48 year old woman consulting to primary care for weight loss and malaise. An initial laboratory study revealed a hypogammaglobulinemia with a monoclonal component and lambda light chains. These results motivated her derivation to hematology: her serum calcium was 11.8 mg/dl, immunofluorescence showed a monoclonal component of lambda chains and urine Bence-Jones protein was positive. A bone marrow biopsy confirmed plasma cell infiltration. A Congo-red stain of a rectal biopsy was positive. The patient was treated with thalidomide, bortezomid and dexamethasone.