Search results for "practice"
showing 10 items of 2812 documents
Is harsh caregiving effective in toddlers with low inhibitory control? An experimental study in the food domain
2016
International audience; The aim of our study is to evaluate the validity of the "Caregiving x Temperament Paradigm" in the food domain. In this study, two prototypes of caregiving,control have been contrasted: Harsh (forceful measures to curve the child's behavior) versus Gentle control (supportive measures to direct the child's behavior). In food domain, the most effective control to help a child to overcome initial dislike is repeated exposure. Our first objective was to test whether the repeated exposure displayed in a gentle context has a more benefical effect on dislike shifting than the one displayed in a harsh context. Our second objective was to assess whether this effect was modera…
Delivery of oral nutrition supplement in hospital: Evaluation of professional practices in evaluation of nutritional status and representations of ON…
2020
Journal non répertorié dans le JCR.; International audience; BACKGROUND: Nutritional evaluation and detection of malnutrition are based on criteria recommended by French health authorities. In practice, doctors do not always ensure strict implementation of the recommendations. The aim of this study is to evaluate professional practices in France regarding nutritional follow-up on arrival, during and after the hospitalization of inpatients who have oral nutritional supplements (ONS) prescribed and to discuss how ONS are seen by medical staff and patients. METHODS: A prospective study including patients consecutively admitted to digestive surgery and endocrinology units of the Dijon universit…
MEDical wards Invasive Candidiasis ALgorithms (MEDICAL):Consensus proposal for management
2016
Abstract Introduction A majority of invasive Candida infections occur in medical wards; however, evidence for management in this setting is scarce and based primarily on the intensive care or surgical setting. On behalf of the Italian Society for Anti-Infective Therapy (SITA) and the Italian Federation of Associations of Hospital Doctors on Internal Medicine (FADOI), the MEDICAL group produced practical management algorithms for patients in internal medicine wards. Methods The MEDICAL group panel, composed of 30 members from internal medicine, infectious disease, clinical pharmacology, clinical microbiology and clinical epidemiology, provided expert opinion through the RAND/UCLA method. Res…
Use of next generation sequencing technologies for the diagnosis and epidemiology of infectious diseases
2020
[ES]: Por primera vez, la tecnología de secuenciación masiva permite acceder a la información genómica a un precio y a una escala tales, que se está implementado en la práctica clínica y epidemiológica rutinaria. Los obstáculos para dicha implementación son todavía muchos. Sin embargo, ya existen muchos ejemplos de las grandes ventajas que supone en comparación con métodos anteriores. Esto es, sobre todo, porque con una sola determinación podemos obtener simultáneamente información epidemiológica del microorganismo causante, así como de su perfil de resistencias, si bien estas ventajas están más o menos desarrolladas según el patógeno considerado. En esta revisión se repasan varios ejemplos…
Italian young doctors’ knowledge, attitudes and practices on antibiotic use and resistance: A national cross-sectional survey
2020
Abstract Objectives Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the major health issues worldwide. Clinicians should play a central role to fight AMR, and medical training is a pivotal issue to combat it; therefore, assessing levels of knowledge, attitudes and practices among young doctors is essential for future antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) programmes. Methods A nationwide, cross-sectional, multicentre survey was conducted in Italy. A descriptive analysis of knowledge and attitudes was performed, along with a univariate and multivariate analysis of their determinants. Results Overall, 1179 young doctors accessed the survey and 1055 (89.5%) completed all sections. Regarding the knowledge se…
Therapeutic strategies for severe COVID-19: a position paper from the Italian Society of Infectious and Tropical Diseases (SIMIT)
2021
Abstract Scope Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has become pandemic, reaching almost one million death worldwide. At present standard treatment for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is not well defined because the evidence, either from randomized or observational studies, with conflicting results, has led to rapid changes in treatment guidelines. Our aim was to narratively summarize the available literature on the management of COVID-19 in order to combine current evidence and interpretation of the data by experts who are treating patients in the frontline setting. Methods The panel conducted a detailed review of the literature and eventual press rele…
Análisis de biopsias líquidas para el diagnóstico del cáncer: revisión sistemática
2020
The incidence of cancer has increased in recent years, especially in those over 65 years of age, posing a major health problem. Many tumours have a poor prognosis because they are diagnosed at very advanced stages. It is therefore especially important to incorporate liquid biopsy into clinical practice as a method for detecting tumours at very early stages. A systematic review was conducted, with the main objective of analysing the available literature on the use of liquid biopsy in the early diagnosis of cancer, and as a secondary objective, to determine the types of tumours that can be diagnosed early by liquid biopsy and the available biomarkers. The results indicate a lack of agreement …
Anti-angiogenic drugs for second-line treatment of NSCLC patients: just new pawns on the chessboard?
2016
Tumor angiogenesis is one of the main pathways targeted to treat cancer. Bevacizumab added survival benefit when combined with platinum-based chemotherapy in NSCLC. Recently, Phase III trials showed survival benefit when anti-angiogenic drugs are added to docetaxel as second-line treatment for NSCLC. These anti-angiogenic agents include nintedanib and ramucirumab, a tyrosine-kinase inhibitor and a monoclonal antibody, respectively, which target receptors involved in angiogenesis. These studies have some similarities and differences. We propose a new algorithm for treatment sequences in performance status 0-1 patients with non-oncogene-addicted NSCLC type adenocarcinoma. Indeed clearer scien…
A phase I study of nintedanib combined with cisplatin/gemcitabine as first-line therapy for advanced squamous non-small cell lung cancer (LUME-Lung 3)
2018
Abstract Background There are limited treatment options for squamous non-small cell lung cancer (sqNSCLC) and prognosis remains poor. The safety and pharmacokinetics (PK) of nintedanib, a triple angiokinase inhibitor, plus cisplatin/gemcitabine as first-line treatment for advanced sqNSCLC patients, were evaluated. Materials and methods A phase I, dose-escalation study administering drugs in a 21-day cycle: cisplatin (75 mg/m2, Day 1), gemcitabine (1250 mg/m2, Days 1 and 8) and nintedanib (Days 2–7, 9–21) were given for 4–6 cycles, followed by monotherapy until disease progression or adverse events (AEs). Two nintedanib doses were tested, 150 mg twice daily (bid) and 200 mg bid, to determine…
International consensus guidelines for scoring the histopathological growth patterns of liver metastasis
2017
BACKGROUND: Liver metastases present with distinct histopathological growth patterns (HGPs), including the desmoplastic, pushing and replacement HGPs and two rarer HGPs. The HGPs are defined owing to the distinct interface between the cancer cells and the adjacent normal liver parenchyma that is present in each pattern and can be scored from standard haematoxylin-and-eosin-stained (H&E) tissue sections. The current study provides consensus guidelines for scoring these HGPs.METHODS: Guidelines for defining the HGPs were established by a large international team. To assess the validity of these guidelines, 12 independent observers scored a set of 159 liver metastases and interobserver var…