Search results for "quantum phase"
showing 10 items of 127 documents
Localizing quantum phase slips in one-dimensional Josephson junction chains
2013
Published version of an article in the journal: New Journal of Physics. Also available from the publisher at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/15/9/095014 Open Access We studied quantum phase-slip (QPS) phenomena in long one-dimensional Josephson junction series arrays with tunable Josephson coupling. These chains were fabricated with as many as 2888 junctions, where one sample had a separately tunable link in the middle of the chain. Measurements were made of the zero-bias resistance, R0, as well as current-voltage characteristics (IVC). The finite R0 is explained by QPS and shows an exponential dependence on with a distinct change in the exponent at R 0 = RQ = h/4e2. When R0 > R Q, the…
Instability of Equilibrium States for Coupled Heat Reservoirs at Different Temperatures
2007
Abstract We consider quantum systems consisting of a “small” system coupled to two reservoirs (called open systems). We show that such systems have no equilibrium states normal with respect to any state of the decoupled system in which the reservoirs are at different temperatures, provided that either the temperatures or the temperature difference divided by the product of the temperatures are not too small. Our proof involves an elaborate spectral analysis of a general class of generators of the dynamics of open quantum systems, including quantum Liouville operators (“positive temperature Hamiltonians”) which generate the dynamics of the systems under consideration.
Spatial quantum noise interferometry in expanding ultracold atom clouds
2005
It is ten years since the exotic form of matter known as a Bose–Einstein condensate was first created. It was the birth of ultra-low-temperature physics, and practitioners gathered last month in Banff, Canada, to celebrate and discuss the latest news, as Karen Fox reports. And this week a new development that could have a major impact in the field is announced. In the 1950s, Hanbury Brown and Twiss showed that it is possible to measure angular sizes of astronomical radio sources from correlations of signal intensities in independent detectors. ‘HBT interferometry’ later became a key technique in quantum optics, and now it has been harnessed to identify a quantum phase of ultracold bosonic a…
Quantum Critical Scaling under Periodic Driving
2016
Universality is key to the theory of phase transition stating that the equilibrium properties of observables near a phase transition can be classified according to few critical exponents. These exponents rule an universal scaling behaviour that witnesses the irrelevance of the model's microscopic details at criticality. Here we discuss the persistence of such a scaling in a one-dimensional quantum Ising model under sinusoidal modulation in time of its transverse magnetic field. We show that scaling of various quantities (concurrence, entanglement entropy, magnetic and fidelity susceptibility) endures up to a stroboscopic time $\tau_{bd}$, proportional to the size of the system. This behavio…
Free fermion antibunching in a degenerate atomic Fermi gas released from an optical lattice
2006
Noise in a quantum system is fundamentally governed by the statistics and the many-body state of the underlying particles. Whereas for bosonic particles the correlated noise observed for e.g. photons or bosonic neutral atoms can still be explained within a classical field description with fluctuating phases, the anticorrelations in the detection of fermionic particles have no classical analogue. The observation of such fermionic antibunching is so far scarce and has been confined to electrons and neutrons. Here we report on the first direct observation of antibunching of neutral fermionic atoms. Through an analysis of the atomic shot noise in a set of standard absorption images, of a gas of…
Fermion Condensation in Strongly Interacting Fermi Liquids
2017
This article discusses the construction of a theory which is capable to explain so-called non-Fermi liquid behavior of strongly correlated Fermi systems. We show that such explanation can be done within the framework of a so-called fermion condensation approach. In this approach, as a result of fermion condensation quantum phase transition, ordinary Landau quasiparticles do not decay, but reborn, gaining new properties, as Phoenix from the ashes. The physical reason for that is altering of Fermi surface topology. To be more specific, in contrast to standard Landau paradigm stating that the quasiparticle effective mass does not depend on external stimuli like magnetic field and/or temperatur…
Can entanglement be extracted from many body systems?
2007
Some thermodynamical properties of solids, such as heat capacity and magnetic susceptibility, have recently been shown to be linked to the amount of entanglement in a solid. Until now, however, it was not clear whether this entanglement can be used as a resource in quantum information theory. Here we show that this entanglement is physical, demonstrating the principles of its extraction from a typical spin chain by scattering two particles off the system. Moreover, we show how to simulate this process using present-day optical lattice technology. © 2007 World Scientific Publishing Company.
Hilbert Space Average Method and adiabatic quantum search
2009
6 pages, 1 figure.-- ISI article identifier:000262979000049.-- ArXiv pre-print avaible at:http://arxiv.org/abs/0810.1456
A scheme for entanglement extraction from a solid
2006
Some thermodynamical properties of solids, such as heat capacity and magnetic susceptibility, have recently been shown to be linked to the amount of entanglement in a solid. However this entanglement may appear a mere mathematical artifact of the typical symmetrization procedure of many-body wave function in solid state physics. Here we show that this entanglement is physical demonstrating the principles of its extraction from a typical solid state system by scattering two particles off the system. Moreover we show how to simulate this process using present-day optical lattices technology. This demonstrates not only that entanglement exists in solids but also that it can be used for quantum…
Heat Capacity and Entanglement Measure in a simple two-qubit model
2011
A simple two-qubit model showing Quantum Phase Transitions as a consequence of ground state level crossings is studied in detail. Using the Concurrence of the system as an entanglement measure and heat capacity as a marker of thermodynamical properties, an analytical expression giving the latter in terms of the former is obtained. A protocol allowing an experimental measure of entanglement is then presented and compared with a related proposal recently reported by Wie\'sniak, Vedral and Brukner