Search results for "rDNA"
showing 10 items of 73 documents
A nuclear ribosomal DNA pseudogene in triatomines opens a new research field of fundamental and applied implications in Chagas disease
2015
A pseudogene, designated as "ps(5.8S+ITS-2)", paralogous to the 5.8S gene and internal transcribed spacer (ITS)-2 of the nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA), has been recently found in many triatomine species distributed throughout North America, Central America and northern South America. Among characteristics used as criteria for pseudogene verification, secondary structures and free energy are highlighted, showing a lower fit between minimum free energy, partition function and centroid structures, although in given cases the fit only appeared to be slightly lower. The unique characteristics of "ps(5.8S+ITS-2)" as a processed or retrotransposed pseudogenic unit of the ghost type are reviewed, wi…
Infection of the upper extremity by Mycobacterium marinum in a 3-year-old boy--diagnosis by 16S-rDNA analysis.
1996
A 3-year-old boy developed several subcutaneous nodular lesions on his right arm. Based on the histological examination of one of these nodules furunculosis was suspected and cefuroxime was tentatively given. However, acid-fast bacilli were then detected in the tissue specimen and a few colonies of acid fast, gram-positive rods grew on blood agar. Definitive species diagnosis (Mycobacterium marinum) was rapidly achieved by automated sequencing of amplified 16S-rDNA and antimicrobial therapy was adjusted according to the available literature. After 3 weeks of treatment with clarithromycin, rifampicin and protionamid regression of the nodular lesions was evident.
DNA multigene sequencing of topotypic specimens of the fascioliasis vector Lymnaea diaphana and phylogenetic analysis of the genus Pectinidens (Gastr…
2012
Freshwater lymnaeid snails are crucial in defining transmission and epidemiology of fascioliasis. In South America, human endemic areas are related to high altitudes in Andean regions. The species Lymnaea diaphana has, however, been involved in low altitude areas of Chile, Argentina and Peru where human infection also occurs. Complete nuclear ribosomal DNA 18S, internal transcribed spacer (ITS)-2 and ITS-1 and fragments of mitochondrial DNA 16S and cytochrome c oxidase (cox)1 genes of L. diaphana specimens from its type locality offered 1,848, 495, 520, 424 and 672 bp long sequences. Comparisons with New and Old World Galba/Fossaria, Palaearctic stagnicolines, Nearctic stagnicolines, Old Wo…
Redescription and phylogenetic analysis of the type species of the genus Panagrellus Thorne, 1938 (Rhabditida, Panagrolaimidae), P. pycnus Thorne, 19…
2021
Abstract The identity of Panagrellus pycnus, the type species of the genus Panagrellus, is discussed after studying specimens from a cultured population collected in Italy that fits the original material of the species. A new characterization is consequently provided as follows: body 0.93–1.32 mm long, lip region continuous with the adjoining body, stoma with gymnostom very reduced, pharynx with not swollen metacorpus, neck 161–203 µm long, excretory pore at level of the metacorpus, post-vulval uterine sac 99–162 µm long or 2.6–3.8 times as long as the body diameter divided in a short tubular proximal part and a long swollen distal part, vulva post-equatorial (V = 63–69), female tail conica…
Better the devil you know? Guidelines for insightful utilization of nrDNA ITS in species-level evolutionary studies in plants.
2006
The internal transcribed spacers (ITS) of the nuclear ribosomal 18S–5.8S–26S cistron continue to be the most popular non-plastid region for species-level phylogenetic studies of plant groups despite the early warnings about their potential Xaws, which may ultimately result in incorrect assumptions of orthology. It has been gradually realized that the alternative target regions in the nuclear genome (lowcopy nuclear genes, LCNG) are burdened with similar problems. The consequence is that, to date, developing useful LCNG for nonmodel organisms requires an investment in time and eVort that hinders its use as a real practical alternative for many labs. It is here argued that ITS sequences, desp…
A polyphasic approach to the identification of ochratoxin A-producing black Aspergillus isolates from vineyards in Sicily.
2008
Aspergillus strains belonging to section Nigri isolated during a two year survey in eight Sicilian vineyards located on the slopes of Mount Etna (Sicily, Italy) were analysed analyzed in order to characterize species responsible for ochratoxin A (OTA) contamination of grapes. The polyphasic approach permitted analysis of biodiversity of Aspergillus isolates in relation to their morphology, ochratoxigenicity and genetic variability. We assessed OTA production by A. carbonarius, A. niger, A. tubingensis and A. japonicus using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A. carbonarius isolates were the strongest OTA producers. A subset of 66 representative strains was selected for further DNA-based …
A molecular analysis of some Eastern Atlantic grouper from the Epinephelus and Mycteroperca genus
2005
Abstract Mitochondrial cytochrome b (397 bp) and 16S rDNA (516 bp) sequences analysis was used to investigate the phylogenetic relationships among some Eastern Atlantic Epinephelinae species. Six species of Epinephelus ( E. aeneus , E. caninus , E. costae , E. haifensis , E. marginatus and E. tauvina ) and two species of Mycteroperca ( M. rubra and M. fusca ) were analysed. Neighbour-joining and maximum-parsimony analysis support the paraphyletic grouping of the Epinephelus and Mycteroperca analysed. The maximum pairwise nucleotide divergence value in cyt b among all taxa was 0.196 between E. aeneus and E. marginatus and the minimum value was 0.006 between E. costae and M. rubra . Meanwhile…
A human factors intervention in a hospital - evaluating the outcome of a TeamSTEPPS program in a surgical ward
2021
AbstractBackgroundPatient safety in hospitals is being jeopardized, since too many patients experience adverse events. Most of these adverse events arise from human factors, such as inefficient teamwork and communication failures, and the incidence of adverse events is greatest in the surgical area. Previous research has shown the effect of team training on patient safety culture and on different areas of teamwork. Limited research has investigated teamwork in surgical wards. The aim of this study was to evaluate the professional and organizational outcomes of a team training intervention among healthcare professionals in a surgical ward after 6 and 12 months. Systems Engineering Initiative…
Heterogeneous contributions of change in population distribution of body mass index to change in obesity and underweight
2021
From 1985 to 2016, the prevalence of underweight decreased, and that of obesity and severe obesity increased, in most regions, with significant variation in the magnitude of these changes across regions. We investigated how much change in mean body mass index (BMI) explains changes in the prevalence of underweight, obesity, and severe obesity in different regions using data from 2896 population-based studies with 187 million participants. Changes in the prevalence of underweight and total obesity, and to a lesser extent severe obesity, are largely driven by shifts in the distribution of BMI, with smaller contributions from changes in the shape of the distribution. In East and Southeast Asia…
Aporocotyle mariachristinae n. sp., and A. ymakara VillalbaFernández, 1986 (Digenea: Aporocotylidae) of the pink cusk-eel, Genypterus blacodes (Ophid…
2012
Aporocotyle mariachristinae n. sp. and A. ymakara Villalba & Fernández, 1986 were collected from the bulbus arteriosus and ventral aorta of pink cusk-eels, Genypterus blacodes (Forster, 1801) from Patagonia, Argentina. A. mariachristinae n. sp. can be distinguished from all the species of Aporocotyle by the asymmetrical extension of posterior caeca (right posterior caecum longer, terminating at the area between mid-level of ovary and posterior body end; left posterior caecum shorter, terminating at the area between mid-level of cirrus sac and posterior to reproductive organs), the distribution of spines along the ventro-lateral body margins and the number of testes. The new species clearly …