Search results for "rats"
showing 10 items of 3537 documents
The nucleotide and partial amino acid sequences of rat fetuin. Identity with the natural tyrosine kinase inhibitor of the rat insulin receptor.
1992
Fetuins are among the major plasma proteins, yet their biological role has remained elusive. Here we report the molecular cloning of rat fetuin and the sequence analysis of a full-length clone, RF619 of 1456 bp with an open reading frame of 1056 bp encoding 352 amino acid residues. The coding part of RF619 was identical with the cDNA sequence of the natural inhibitor of the insulin receptor tyrosine kinase from rat (pp63) except for four substitutions and a single base insertion causing divergence of the predicted protein sequences. Partial amino acid sequences of rat plasma fetuin were in agreement with the predictions based on the RF619 cDNA. Purified rat fetuin inhibited the insulin rece…
Development of predictive retention-activity relationship models of tricyclic antidepressants by micellar liquid chromatography.
1999
The distribution of tricyclic antidepressants from plasma to brain, where these drugs exert their main clinical action, and other organs is related to transport events across the cell membranes of the different tissues. It could be expected that all the molecular features that condition the transport processes (mainly hydrophobicity and molar total charge) also control the pharmacokinetic and biochemical behavior. Micellar liquid chromatography (MLC) has been proposed to emulate in vitro the partitioning process in the biomembranes. The use of micellar solutions of Brij35 as mobile phases in reversed-phase liquid chromatography has proven to be valid to predict the biological activities of …
Minireview: Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors on Hippocampal Neurons: Distribution on the Neuronal Surface and Modulation of Receptor Activity
1997
The recent development of a technique that uses infrared microscopy for the visualization of well-defined areas on the surface of neurons, and a computerized system of micromanipulators led to the discovery that functional nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are expressed at higher density on the dendrites than on the soma of rat hippocampal neurons. The finding that the expression of alpha-bungarotoxin-sensitive, alpha 7-bearing, nAChRs and dihydro-beta-erythroidine-sensitive, alpha 4 beta 2 nAChRs tends to increase along the dendritic length suggests that these receptors may be highly involved in the integration of synaptic functions in hippocampal neurons. The present report also …
Inhibition of FcεRI-mediated Activation of Rat Basophilic Leukemia Cells by Clostridium difficile Toxin B (Monoglucosyltransferase)
1996
Abstract Treatment of rat basophilic leukemia (RBL) 2H3-hm1 cells with Clostridium difficile toxin B (2 ng/ml), which reportedly depolymerizes the actin cytoskeleton, blocked [3H]serotonin release induced by 2,4-dinitrophenyl-bovine serum albumin, carbachol, mastoparan, and reduced ionophore A23187-stimulated degranulation by about 55-60%. In lysates of RBL cells, toxin B 14C-glucosylated two major and one minor protein. By using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting, RhoA and Cdc42 were identified as protein substrates of toxin B. In contrast to toxin B, Clostridium botulinum transferase C3 that selectively inactivates RhoA by ADP-ribosylation did not inhibit degranulation…
Inhibition of neuronally mediated secretion in rat colonic mucosa by prostaglandin D2
1992
Abstract The effect of prostaglandin D 2 (PGD 2 ) on ion transport across the mucosa of the descending colon was studied in rats. PGD 2 dose-dependently decreased baseline short-circuit current of mucosa-submucosal preparations mounted either in the Ussing chamber or mounted as an everted sac. However, with the everted sac technique, the tissue was about 1000 times more sensitive to PGD 2 . Concomitant with the decrease in short-circuit current, PGD 2 increased the mucosal-to-serosal fluxes of sodium and chloride and decreased the serosal-tomucosal flux of chloride. PGD 2 inhibited the secretory action of the PGI 2 analogue iloprost, PGD 2α , and neurotensin. The action of these secretagogu…
Antidepressants are functional antagonists at the serotonin type 3 (5-HT3) receptor
2003
Antidepressants are commonly supposed to enhance serotonergic and/or noradrenergic neurotransmission by inhibition of neurotransmitter reuptake through binding to the respective neurotransmitter transporters or through inhibition of the monoamine oxidase. Using the concentration-clamp technique and measurements of intracellular Ca2+, we demonstrate that different classes of antidepressants act as functional antagonists at the human 5-HT3A receptor stably expressed in HEK 293 cells and at endogenous 5-HT3 receptors of rat hippocampal neurons and N1E-115 neuroblastoma cells. The tricyclic antidepressants desipramine, imipramine, and trimipramine, the serotonin reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine, t…
Comparative study of biological properties and electrophoretic characteristics of lipopolysaccharide from eel-virulent and eel-A virulent Vibrio vuln…
1999
ABSTRACT In Vibrio vulnificus , virulence for eels is associated with serovar E strains. In this study, we investigated some biological properties of purified lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) from serovar E and non-serovar E strains. Purified LPSs retained their O-polysaccharidic side chains and did not show any differences that could be related to host specificity, except for serological differences.
Bioactive glass ions induce efficient osteogenic differentiation of human adipose stem cells encapsulated in gellan gum and collagen type I hydrogels
2019
Abstract Background Due to unmet need for bone augmentation, our aim was to promote osteogenic differentiation of human adipose stem cells (hASCs) encapsulated in gellan gum (GG) or collagen type I (COL) hydrogels with bioactive glass (experimental glass 2-06 of composition [wt-%]: Na2O 12.1, K2O 14.0, CaO 19.8, P2O5 2.5, B2O3 1.6, SiO2 50.0) extract based osteogenic medium (BaG OM) for bone construct development. GG hydrogels were crosslinked with spermidine (GG-SPD) or BaG extract (GG-BaG). Methods Mechanical properties of cell-free GG-SPD, GG-BaG, and COL hydrogels were tested in osteogenic medium (OM) or BaG OM at 0, 14, and 21 d. Hydrogel embedded hASCs were cultured in OM or BaG OM fo…
OPLA scaffold, collagen I, and horse serum induce a higher degree of myogenic differentiation of adult rat cardiac stem cells
2009
In the last few years, a major goal of cardiac research has been to drive stem cell differentiation to replace damaged myocardium. Several research groups have attempted to differentiate potential cardiac stem cells (CSCs) using bi- or three-dimensional systems supplemented with growth factors or molecules acting as differentiating substances. We hypothesize that these systems failed to induce a complete differentiation because they lacked an architectural space. In the present study, we isolated a pool of small proliferating and fibroblast-like cells from adult rat myocardium. The phenotype of these cells was assessed and the characterized cells were cultured in a collagen I/OPLA scaffold …
Drinking pattern matters: effects on maternal care and offspring vulnerability to alcohol in rats
2015
Alcohol drinking during pregnancy and post-partum period is a major concern because of the persistent neurobehavioral deficits in the offspring, which include increased vulnerability to substance abuse (1). The intermittent pattern of alcohol consumption induces higher drinking levels and deeper neurobiological changes in addiction-related brain regions, with respect to traditional free-access paradigms in male rats (2, 3). Nevertheless, no studies investigated on the effects of the drinking pattern on female subjects during pregnancy and perinatal time. To this aim, this study explored the consequences of continuous vs. intermittent drinking pattern on maternal behaviour and on offspring v…