Search results for "reciprocal"
showing 10 items of 115 documents
Depressive Symptoms and Alcohol Use are Genetically and Environmentally Correlated Across Adolescence
2010
Depressive symptoms and alcohol use are frequently positively associated during adolescence. This study aimed to assess the heritability of each phenotype across adolescence; to assess potential shared liabilities; to examine changes in the nature of shared liabilities across adolescence; and to investigate potential causal relationships between depressive symptoms and alcohol use. We studied a longitudinally assessed sample of adolescent Finnish twins (N = 1,282) to test hypotheses about genetic and environmental influences on these phenotypes within and across ages, using data from assessments at ages 12, 14, and 17.5 years. The heritability of depressive symptoms is consistent across ado…
Strategic Decisions in Task-Oriented Reading.
2015
AbstractAnswering questions from texts are assessment and instructional activities that are frequently used in schools. Nevertheless, little is known about the strategic processes that students take while performing these tasks. We explored the amount and frequency that students initially read of a text before they answered questions pertaining to the material. In a procedure similar to the one used in the PISA (Program for International Students Assessment), one-hundred-seventy students between 7thand 9thgrade read and answered several questions designed to assess task-oriented reading in three specific texts. We recorded on-line indexes that evaluated student behavior (e.g., the amount of…
Theories of Intelligence in Children with Reading Disabilities: A Training Proposal
2005
A recent trend in the study of reading difficulties promotes multidimensional intervention, focusing on the reciprocal influences exerted by cognitive and emotional-motivational variables. This study evaluated improvements in reading performance as a function of metacognitive training in 36 children ( M age = 8.7 yr.) with different representations of intelligence. Posttest evaluations show significantly more improvement in reading comprehension in children with an incremental theory of intelligence. These results indicate the importance of treatment programmes that take into account both the specificity of deficits and factors relating to the domain of motivation.
Ab initio structure determination and quantitative disorder analysis on nanoparticles by electron diffraction tomography.
2017
Nanoscaled porous materials such as zeolites have attracted substantial attention in industry due to their catalytic activity, and their performance in sorption and separation processes. In order to understand the properties of such materials, current research focuses increasingly on the determination of structural features beyond the averaged crystal structure. Small particle sizes, various types of disorder and intergrown structures render the description of structures at atomic level by standard crystallographic methods difficult. This paper reports the characterization of a strongly disordered zeolite structure, using a combination of electron exit-wave reconstruction, automated diffrac…
Uniformization of metric surfaces using isothermal coordinates
2021
We establish a uniformization result for metric surfaces - metric spaces that are topological surfaces with locally finite Hausdorff 2-measure. Using the geometric definition of quasiconformality, we show that a metric surface that can be covered by quasiconformal images of Euclidean domains is quasiconformally equivalent to a Riemannian surface. To prove this, we construct suitable isothermal coordinates.
Deterministic versus probabilistic consequences of trust and trustworthiness: An experimental investigation
2014
Abstract There is overwhelming evidence of reciprocal behavior, driven by intentions. However, the role of consequences is less clear cut. Experimentally manipulating how efficient trust and reciprocity can be in deterministic and uncertain environments allows us to study how payoff consequences of trust and trustworthiness affect reciprocity. According to the results for our modified Investment Game, trustees reward trust more when trust is more efficient but do not adjust rewards when the efficiency of rewarding is varied. Furthermore, higher deterministic benefits result in higher levels of reciprocity for all trust levels, whereas an uncertain environment diminishes reciprocity.
Multiplicity of Radial Ground States for the Scalar Curvature Equation Without Reciprocal Symmetry
2022
AbstractWe study existence and multiplicity of positive ground states for the scalar curvature equation $$\begin{aligned} \varDelta u+ K(|x|)\, u^{\frac{n+2}{n-2}}=0, \quad x\in {{\mathbb {R}}}^n\,, \quad n>2, \end{aligned}$$ Δ u + K ( | x | ) u n + 2 n - 2 = 0 , x ∈ R n , n > 2 , when the function $$K:{{\mathbb {R}}}^+\rightarrow {{\mathbb {R}}}^+$$ K : R + → R + is bounded above and below by two positive constants, i.e. $$0<\underline{K} \le K(r) \le \overline{K}$$ 0 < K ̲ ≤ K ( r ) ≤ K ¯ for every $$r > 0$$ r > 0 , it is decreasing in $$(0,{{{\mathcal {R}}}})$$ ( 0 , R ) and increasing in $$({{{\mathcal {R}}}},+\infty )$$ ( R , + ∞ ) for a certain $${{{\mathcal {R}}}}&g…
Nanostructuring and strengthening of LiF crystals by swift heavy ions: AFM, XRD and nanoindentation study
2012
Abstract Modifications of the structure and micromechanical properties of LiF crystals under high-fluence irradiation (10 11 –10 13 ions cm −2 ) with swift C, Ti, Au and U ions of the specific energy of 11.1 MeV/u have been studied. In the case of heavy ions (U, Au), the AFM and SEM results reveal the bulk nanostructure consisting of columnar grains with nano-scale dimensions (50–100 nm). For lighter C ions the structure enriched with prismatic dislocation loops has been observed. High-resolution XRD reciprocal space maps for nano-structured LiF expose a mosaic-type structure with low-angle boundaries between grains.
Moderating effects of appreciation on relationships between illegitimate tasks and intrinsic motivation: a two-wave shortitudinal study
2020
This study investigated possible reciprocal relationships between illegitimate tasks and intrinsic motivation and whether appreciation moderated these relationships. Based on a two-wave panel study...
Media coverage about organisations in critical situations – Analysing the impact on employees.
2013
Purpose– This research aims to investigate how critical media coverage of an organisation affects its employees. The authors expect the effects to be similar to the way media coverage about an individual would affect this person, termed “reciprocal effects”.Design/methodology/approach– Drawing on a framework for the analysis of reciprocal effects of mass media by Kepplinger and qualitative interviews among employees of 14 different organisations undergoing a crisis, the authors develop an employee-model of reciprocal effects for the context of organisational crises.Findings– This qualitative research shows that employees are affected by media coverage on a critical issue about their employe…