Search results for "reciprocal"

showing 10 items of 115 documents

Hold up and intergenerational transmission of preferences

2004

This paper focuses on the formation, evolution and stability of the distribution of preferences in the population and its relationship with the investment and bargaining strategies in a simplified hold up problem. More precisely, in our model a population of infinitely-lived players (say, for example, firms) with homogeneous selfish or self-regarding preferences is pair-wise matched at each period with a population of an equal size of short-lived players (say, for example, workers) with heterogeneous preferences. Both types of player play a two-stage game. In the first stage, they decide separately but simultaneously whether to make a general or a relation-specific investment. The latter ty…

Organizational Behavior and Human Resource ManagementEconomics and Econometricseducation.field_of_studyStylized factPopulationComputingMilieux_PERSONALCOMPUTINGInvestment (macroeconomics)Social preferencesMicroeconomicsBargaining powerEconomicsReciprocal altruismHold-up problemeducationInequity aversionJournal of Economic Behavior & Organization
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Dielectric investigations of pure and mixed fluorocarbons in their condensed phases

1991

We review recent work and present new results on the liquid and solid fluocarbons CMF3 with M = H, F, Cl, Br, CH3, and CF3. The pure compounds as well as several series of binary mixtures were investigated using dielectric measurements. The permittivities of the non-hydrogenatcd non-polar and polar liquids could be described using the Clausius-Mosotti and the Onsager equation, respectively. In CHF3 and C2H3F3 hydrogen bridging leads to deviations from this simple behavior. The trends in the miscibility of four series of fluorocarbon mixtures are in qualitative accord with regular solution theory. The geometrical shapes of the compounds dominate the degrees of order below their melting point…

Phase transitionChemistryThermodynamicsDielectricCondensed Matter PhysicsMiscibilityAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsDipoleMaterials ChemistryMelting pointPhysical chemistryDielectric lossFluorocarbonOnsager reciprocal relationsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySpectroscopy
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Orbital origin and matrix element effects in the Ag/Si(111)-()R30° Fermi surface

2007

The Fermi surface (FS) of the Ag/Si(1 1 1)-3×3 reconstruction with an excess of Ag has been mapped by angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy with polarized light in a wide region of the reciprocal space and with different detection geometries. In contrast to previous results, a strong polarization dependence is observed. Applying the dipole selection rules, it is found that the surface state at the Fermi level, S1 state, has odd symmetry with respect to the mirror plane of the honeycomb-chained triangle structure, indicating that it is mainly derived from Ag 5px and 5py orbitals. This conclusion is revised in the new frame of a inequivalent-triangle structure for the Ag/Si(1 1 1)-3×3 at …

PhysicsCondensed matter physicsSiliconFermi levelchemistry.chemical_elementAngle-resolved photoemission spectroscopyFermi surfaceSurfaces and InterfacesCondensed Matter PhysicsPolarization (waves)Surfaces Coatings and FilmsReciprocal latticeDipolesymbols.namesakechemistryAtomic orbitalMaterials ChemistrysymbolsSurface Science
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Experimental investigation of resonant activation

2000

We experimentally investigate the escape from a metastable state over a fluctuating barrier of a physical system. The system is switching between two states under electronic control of a dichotomous noise. We measure the escape time and its probability density function as a function of the correlation rate of the dichotomous noise in a frequency interval spanning more than 4 frequency decades. We observe resonant activation, namely a minimum of the average escape time as a function of the correlation rate. We detect two regimes in the study of the shape of the escape time probability distribution: (i) a regime of exponential and (ii) a regime of non-exponential probability distribution.

PhysicsHalf-normal distributionStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)Physical systemFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyProbability density functionSymmetric probability distributionNoise (electronics)Exponential functionProbability distributionStatistical physicsReciprocal distributionCondensed Matter - Statistical MechanicsPhysical review letters
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Generalized formulation and symmetry properties of reciprocal nonabsorbing polarization devices: Application to liquid-crystal displays

2000

We present a general formulation based on the Jones-matrix theory for reciprocal nonabsorbing polarization devices, including polarization interference filters and liquid-crystal displays. The development of this formulation is based on general symmetry conditions that relate the Jones matrix when the device is illuminated from the front side and from the back side. The application to liquid-crystal displays results in a constraint of the Jones-matrix elements, which represents a generalization of the existing models that explain their modulation properties.

PhysicsLiquid crystal devicesLiquid-crystal displayPolarization rotatorBirefringencebusiness.industryPolarization (waves)Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionOpticslawComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionCrystal opticsbusinessReciprocal
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Microscopic theory of glassy dynamics and glass transition for molecular crystals.

2004

We derive a microscopic equation of motion for the dynamical orientational correlators of molecular crystals. Our approach is based upon mode coupling theory. Compared to liquids we find four main differences: (i) the memory kernel contains Umklapp processes, (ii) besides the static two-molecule orientational correlators one also needs the static one-molecule orientational density as an input, where the latter is nontrivial, (iii) the static orientational current density correlator does contribute an anisotropic, inertia-independent part to the memory kernel, (iv) if the molecules are assumed to be fixed on a rigid lattice, the tensorial orientational correlators and the memory kernel have …

PhysicsStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)Condensed matter physicsFOS: Physical sciencesEquations of motionCondensed Matter - Soft Condensed MatterAtomic packing factorBrillouin zoneReciprocal latticeMode couplingSoft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)Microscopic theoryAnisotropyGlass transitionCondensed Matter - Statistical MechanicsPhysical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics
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Pointwise resolutive significance of data and applications in experimental design and data treatment

1992

Abstract The concept of the resolutive significance of a point in a data set with regard to a number of addressed parameters is introduced, and two algorithms able to measure it are proposed. The algorithms are validated using simulated experiments. The sum of all the pointwise resolutive significances of a data set is also proposed as a measure of the resolution of the data set. This sum correlates well with the reciprocal of the standard deviation of the fitted parameters, indicating the precision that can be expected for each parameters. Applications in experimental design, and a method for establishing the weights in the least-quarters regression analysis are discussed.

PointwiseData processingChemistryRegression analysisBiochemistryMeasure (mathematics)Standard deviationAnalytical ChemistryData setStatisticsEnvironmental ChemistryPoint (geometry)AlgorithmSpectroscopyReciprocalAnalytica Chimica Acta
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Conclusione generale

2009

Le ipotesi relative alla congruenza delle attività formative progettate con gli obiettivi che ci si prefiggeva di raggiungere sono state verificate in un campione di livello medio-alto per la competenza metacognitiva.

Problem solving esperienze learning self correction critical reflection reciprocal learning competenza metacognitiva
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The Reciprocal Relationship Between Emotions and Agency in the Workplace

2017

In conjunction with a growing interest in professional agency, there is a need to understand how emotions are embedded in agentic practice. This chapter examines the emotions bound up with work and how these emotions are related to professional agency. The subjects of our study were leaders (middle management) and employees working in Finnish education and health-care organisations. A qualitative meta-synthesis was conducted to describe the relationship between professional agency and emotions. The study revealed a variety of emotions, including fear and enjoyment, related to professional identity, work, and social relationships. Among both employees and leaders, emotions were found to play…

Professional career05 social sciences050301 educationMiddle managementIdentity (social science)Variety (cybernetics)Professional learning communityPolitical science0502 economics and businessAgency (sociology)Social relationship0503 educationSocial psychology050203 business & managementReciprocal
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Teacher’s Verbal Communication in the Use of Reciprocal Teaching for Reading Comprehension: An Exploratory Study

2023

Nelle classi di scuola primaria delle tre ultime annualità, molti alunni hanno difficoltà a comprendere quello che leggono male, come si ricava dalla letteratura scientifica e dalle rilevazioni nazionali e internazionali. Il Reciprocal Teaching (RT) è una pratica di apprendimento cooperativo implementata con successo per sostenere e facilitare la comprensione del testo scritto. Alla ricerca hanno partecipato 10 insegnanti di scuola primaria, 73 alunni di classe quinta primaria hanno svolto un’attività di lettura guidata con il RT. Le interazioni verbali in classe sono state osservate; successivamente sono stati analizzati i protocolli raccolti durante le osservazioni nei gruppi per verifica…

Reading comprehension Reciprocal teaching Verbal interaction Communicative functions Observation indicatorsComprensione in lettura Insegnamento reciproco Interazione verbale Funzioni comunicative Indicatori di osservazioneSettore M-PED/04 - Pedagogia SperimentaleSettore M-PED/03 - Didattica E Pedagogia Speciale
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