Search results for "recombinant"
showing 10 items of 1150 documents
Effects of Recombinant Human Erythropoietin (rHuEPO) on Tumor Control in Patients with Cancer-Induced Anemia
2005
It is well recognized that anemia-induced tumor hypoxia is associated with a reduced sensitivity of tumors to radiation and some forms of chemotherapy. Thus, the correction of lower hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations with recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) can play an essential role by improving tumor oxygenation. Based on evidence from a number of trials, treatment with rHuEPO will effectively ameliorate anemia and improve quality of life. However, one of the most essential prerequisites for achieving this benefit is the use of rHuEPO in agreement with the evidence-based ASCO/ASH-guidelines recommending a target Hb concentration of 12 g/dl (7.44 mmol/l).
Hypoxia and Aggressive Tumor Phenotype: Implications for Therapy and Prognosis
2008
Abstract Tumor hypoxia, mostly resulting from poor perfusion and anemia, is one of the key factors in inducing the development of cell clones with an aggressive and treatment-resistant phenotype that leads to rapid progression and poor prognosis. Studies in patients with solid tumors suggest that there is a range of hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations that is optimum for tumor oxygenation. When used to achieve an Hb level within this range, erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) can be expected to increase tumor oxygenation, and this may favorably influence sensitivity to treatment as well as quality of life. There is no robust evidence that ESAs, when used as indicated, have a negative effect…
An a priori prediction model of response to peginterferon plus ribavirin dual therapy in naïve patients with genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C.
2014
none 29 no Background: Aim was to select naïve patients with genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C having a high probability of response to Peg-interferon. +. ribavirin therapy. Methods: In 1073 patients (derivation cohort), predictors of rapid and sustained virological response were identified by logistic analysis; regression coefficients were used to generate prediction models for sustained virological response. Probabilities at baseline and treatment week 4 were utilized to develop a decision rule to select patients with high likelihood of response. The model was then validated in 423 patients (validation cohort). Results: In the derivation cohort, 257 achieved rapid virological response and 8…
Clinical Applications, Pitfalls, and Uncertainties of Thrombin Generation in the Presence of Platelets
2019
Platelet-dependent thrombin generation is a helpful tool to assess ex vivo the interaction between platelets and plasma coagulation factors in the initiation, amplification, and inhibition of thrombin generation (TG). This review article discusses the most relevant available data on the clinical applications of fluorogenic TG, the most widely used TG assay, performed in the presence of platelets, i.e., in platelet-rich plasma. With respect to prothrombotic states, arterial hypertension and obesity were the most prominent cardiovascular conditions linked to increased platelet-dependent TG. In addition, platelet-associated hypercoagulability, assessed by the TG assay, has been shown in indivi…
Does chemotherapy prevent HCV-related hepatocellular carcinoma? Cons.
2010
The accuracy and the reliability of well-recognized clinical, virologic, histologic, and molecular risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are still insufficient. Thus, accurate risk prediction of cancer development in individual patients with the aim of selecting high risk cohorts of patients for HCC chemoprevention programs remains an elusive goal. Future directions in chemoprevention of HCC will be in the development of molecular risk models and of new chemopreventive agents. Studies examining multiple genes and proteins (genomics and proteomics) in the same HCCs will be required to evaluate this possibility thoroughly. A strategy aiming at preventing chronic liver disease of any…
Pegylated interferon therapy in chronic hepatitis C: lights and shadows of an innovative treatment
2007
Abstract Pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN) in combination with ribavirin is the standard of treatment for chronic hepatitis C. Several viral and host factors influence the outcome of treatment, such as hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype, baseline viral load, viral kinetics, race, body weight, advanced liver disease, HIV co-infection, and adherence to therapy. Monitoring the response of HCV to treatment during the early time points (4 weeks or 12 weeks) after initiation of therapy has emerged as a critical tool to predict sustained virologic response (SVR), defined as undetectable serum HCV RNA 24 weeks after the end of therapy. To counterbalance the influence of host and viral factors, treatment…
Palliative treatment for advanced gastrointestinal cancer: is response a suitable end-point?
1996
Treatment results of standard chemotherapy in advanced gastrointestinal tract cancer are disappointing. 5-Fluorouracil (FU) is the therapeutic mainstay since its discovery more than 35 years ago. Response rates of single agent FU treatment range between 5 and 20% dependent on dose and schedule. The efforts of the last two decades have been focused on the improvement of objective response rates using several combinations of chemotherapy regimens including doxorubicin, cisplatin, mitomycin and etoposide. Most of the phase l/II studies have reported encouraging treatment results initially with respect to response rates. Subsequent randomized trials, however, revealed a high rate of World Healt…
Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy in pachychoroid: combined treatment with photodynamic therapy and aflibercept
2022
Abstract Introduction To evaluate the effects of combined therapy using intravitreal Aflibercept (IVA) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) on polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy related to pachychoroid disease (PPCV).Methods Patients with PPCV were treated with PDT combined with 3 IVA injections on a monthly basis, followed by pro re nata criteria. The 12-month follow-up consisted of multiple revaluations of visual acuity and SSOCT parameters of clinical activity.Results Nineteen eyes were included in the study; mean age was 65.5 years. Visual acuity improved after 12 months (0.35 ± 0.25 to 0.2 ± 0.20 logMAR, p = 0.005). Percentage of eyes with intraretinal and subretinal fluid reduced from baseli…
Characterization of the CtsR stress response regulon in Lactobacillus plantarum.
2010
ABSTRACT Lactobacillus plantarum ctsR was characterized. ctsR was found to be cotranscribed with clpC and induced in response to various abiotic stresses. ctsR deletion conferred a heat-sensitive phenotype with peculiar cell morphological features. The transcriptional pattern of putative CtsR regulon genes was examined in the Δ ctsR mutant. Direct CtsR-dependent regulation was demonstrated by DNA-binding assays using recombinant CtsR and the promoters of the ctsR - clpC operon and hsp1 .
Identification and expression of the 11β‐steroid hydroxylase from Cochliobolus lunatus in Corynebacterium glutamicum
2019
Hydroxylation of steroids has acquired special relevance for the pharmaceutical industries. Particularly, the 11β-hydroxylation of steroids is a reaction of biotechnological importance currently carried out at industrial scale by the fungus Cochliobolus lunatus. In this work, we have identified the genes encoding the cytochrome CYP103168 and the reductase CPR64795 of C. lunatus responsible for the 11β-hydroxylase activity in this fungus, which is the key step for the preparative synthesis of cortisol in industry. A recombinant Corynebacterium glutamicum strain harbouring a plasmid expressing both genes forming a synthetic bacterial operon was able to 11β-hydroxylate several steroids as subs…