Search results for "reflection"

showing 10 items of 645 documents

Tunable optical sectioning in confocal microscopy by use of symmetrical defocusing and apodization

2008

We present two novel optical methods to achieve a significative improvement in the optical-sectioning capacity of confocal scanning microscopes. The techniques, whose real power is the simplicity with which they can be implemented, consist of a suitable combination of symmetrical defocusing with two different manners of apodizing both parts of the confocal architecture. It is shown that the proposed techniques are useful in both the bright-field and the fluorescence modes and for reflection and transmission geometries.

Materials scienceMicroscopeOptical sectioningbusiness.industryMaterials Science (miscellaneous)ConfocalScanning confocal electron microscopyPhysics::OpticsIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineeringlaw.inventionOpticsCardinal pointApodizationlawConfocal microscopyReflection (physics)Business and International ManagementbusinessApplied Optics
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The scientific status of qualitative

2009

This work is focused on the Scientific Status of Qualitative. In our opinions, it constitutes the broadest level our work can be organised into, the most general epistemological frame, within which the specific spheres of application and of research take on a more comprehensive meaning and a more correct capacity of explication. The paradigm of complessity represents, in fact, both at theoretical-epistemological and methodological level, a fundamental reference point in tackling the issue of psychology in a more appropriate way. It, starting from a comprehensive analytical review of the paradigm of “classical” science and of the principles and tools of the experimental method (Morin, 1983; …

Epistemological reflectionScientificQualitative ResearchSettore M-PSI/07 - Psicologia DinamicaParadigm of Complessity
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Solid state electrochemical behavior of organosulfur compounds

2017

Abstract The solid-sate electrochemistry of organosulfur compounds existing in petroleum and its derived matrices is described using the voltammetry of immobilized microparticles methodology. Cyclic and square wave voltammogrammetric responses of sulfur compounds responsible of aging of asphalt pavements, namely, thiophenes, disulfides, sulfides, sulfoxides and sulfones were determined at compound-modified graphite electrodes in contact with 0.10 M H2SO4. The electrochemical oxidation/reduction products were characterized by attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersion x-ray detection (SEM-EDX) couple…

chemistry.chemical_classificationChemistryGeneral Chemical Engineering010401 analytical chemistryInorganic chemistrychemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technologySulfonic acid021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyElectrochemistry01 natural sciencesSulfur0104 chemical sciencesAnalytical ChemistrySulfonechemistry.chemical_compoundAttenuated total reflectionElectrochemistryFourier transform infrared spectroscopy0210 nano-technologyDissolutionOrganosulfur compoundsJournal of Electroanalytical Chemistry
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Giuseppe Samonà e la “spina dorsale” di Gibellina Nuova

2020

Nel 1970 Giuseppe Samonà coordina il gruppo di progettazione formato da Vittorio Gregotti, Gianni Pirrone e Alberto Samonà per il Progetto del Centro civico, commerciale e culturale di Gibellina Nuova. Del piano è realizzato il municipio e poi, rielaborato e in altro luogo, il teatro. I monumenti, fondati su un asse pedonale in quota connesso a un suolo artificiale articolato, esprimono l’unità architettura – urbanistica e anticipano, per certi versi, una riflessione successiva del Direttore dello IUAV sulla dialettica fra urbano e rurale.

Settore ICAR/14 - Composizione Architettonica E UrbanaIn 1970 Giuseppe Samonà coordinated a design team (with Vittorio Gregotti Gianni Pirrone and Alberto Samonà) for the project of the Civic Commercial and Cultural Centre of Gibellina Nuova. From this plan among the monuments just the town hall was built. The theatre was proposed later for a different place. The buildings should have been linked to a pedestrian axial gangway connected to an articulated artificial ground. The complex should have shown the unity between architecture and urban planning anticipating in some ways a later Samona’s reflection about the dialectic between urban and rural.
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Temperature and Emissivity Separation From MSG/SEVIRI Data

2014

In this paper, we analyze the feasibility of applying the temperature and emissivity separation (TES) algorithm to thermal-infrared data acquired with three bands of the Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager (SEVIRI) onboard the Meteosat Second Generation platform (SEVTES). The performance of the SEVTES algorithm was tested using data simulated over different atmospheric conditions and surface emissivities, with errors around 1.5% for emissivity and 1.5 K for temperature when atmospheric correction is accurate enough. In contrast, errors on land-leaving radiances higher than 2% or uncertainties on total atmospheric water vapor amount higher than 5% lead to errors on emissivity highe…

Atmospheric waterAdvanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection RadiometerMeteorologyLand surface temperatureInfraredAtmospheric correctionEmissivityGeneral Earth and Planetary SciencesEnvironmental scienceAtmospheric absorptionModerate-resolution imaging spectroradiometerElectrical and Electronic EngineeringRemote sensingIEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing
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First Evidence of Contourite Drifts in the North-Western Sicilian Active Continental Margin (Southern Tyrrhenian Sea)

2021

We present the results of an integrated geomorphological and seismo-stratigraphic study based on high resolution marine data acquired in the north-western Sicilian continental margin. We document for the first time five contourite drifts (marked as EM1a, EM2b, EM2, EM3a, and EM3b), located in the continental slope at depths between ca. 400 and 1500 m. EM1a,b have been interpreted as elongated mounded drifts. EM1a,b are ca. 3 km long, 1.3 km wide, and have a maximum thickness of 36 m in their center that thins northwards, while EM1b is smaller with a thickness up to 24 m. They are internally characterized by mounded seismic packages dominated by continuous and parallel reflectors. EM2 is loc…

seismic reflection dataSettore GEO/02 - Geologia Stratigrafica E SedimentologicaSettore GEO/03 - Geologia StrutturaleSettore GEO/04 - Geografia Fisica E GeomorfologiaNaval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineeringVM1-989Ocean EngineeringGC1-1581OceanographyPaleontologyMediterranean seaContinental marginAggradationMediterranean Seacontinental slopemoatHoloceneWater Science and TechnologyCivil and Structural Engineeringgeographygeography.geographical_feature_categoryContinental shelfcontouritesContouriteSeafloor spreadinglanguage.human_languagelanguagebottom currentsSiciliancontourites; bottom currents; continental slope; moat; seismic reflection data; Mediterranean SeaGeology
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Monitoring Water Surface and Level of a Reservoir Using Different Remote Sensing Approaches and Comparison with Dam Displacements Evaluated via GNSS

2018

Remote sensing allowed monitoring the reservoir water level by estimating its surface extension. Surface extension has been estimated using different approaches, employing both optical (Landsat 5 TM, Landsat 7 ETM+ SLC-Off, Landsat 8 OLI-TIRS and ASTER images) and Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images (Cosmo SkyMed and TerraSAR-X). Images were characterized by different acquisition modes, geometric and spectral resolutions, allowing the evaluation of alternative and/or complementary techniques. For each kind of image, two techniques have been tested: The first based on an unsupervised classification and suitable to automate the process, the second based on visual matching with contour lines…

Synthetic aperture radarwater surface010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesScience0211 other engineering and technologies02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesDisplacement (vector)Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection RadiometerMoving averagedam displacements; water level; water surface; hysteresis; optical remote sensing; SAR; GNSSRange (statistics)021101 geological & geomatics engineering0105 earth and related environmental sciencesRemote sensingdam displacementsGNSSSettore ICAR/02 - Costruzioni Idrauliche E Marittime E IdrologiaQwater leveloptical remote sensingWater levelhysteresisGNSS applicationsContour lineGeneral Earth and Planetary SciencesSettore ICAR/06 - Topografia E CartografiaGeologyDam displacements GNSS Hysteresis Optical remote sensing SAR Water level Water surfaceSARRemote Sensing
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Rapid analysis of effluents generated by the dairy industry for fat determination by preconcentration in nylon membranes and attenuated total reflect…

2014

Abstract This paper describes a new approach for the determination of fat in the effluents generated by the dairy industry which is based on the retention of fat in nylon membranes and measurement of the absorbances on the membrane surface by ATR-IR spectroscopy. Different options have been evaluated for retaining fat in the membranes using milk samples of different origin and fat content. Based on the results obtained, a method is proposed for the determination of fat in effluents which involves the filtration of 1 mL of the samples through 0.45 µm nylon membranes of 13 mm diameter. The fat content is then determined by measuring the absorbance of band at 1745 cm −1 . The proposed method c…

ReproducibilityChromatographyChemistryIndustrial WasteInfrared spectroscopyMembranes ArtificialAnalytical Chemistrylaw.inventionFatsAbsorbanceDairyingNylonsMembranelawAttenuated total reflectionSpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredGravimetric analysisSample preparationFiltrationTalanta
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Sound conversion phenomena at the free surface of liquid helium. I. Calculation of the coefficients of reflection, transmission, and transformation o…

1980

On the basis of a set of boundary conditions describing quite generally mass and energy transport processes across the free surface of helium II, the acoustic coefficients of reflection, transmission, and transformation of first sound, second sound, and the sound wave propagating in the vapor are calculated in the case of perpendicular incidence of sound waves against the liquid-vapor phase boundary. Considering rigorously the influences of the Onsager surface coefficients, the isobaric thermal expansion coefficients, and the thermal conductivities of the liquid and the vapor, we derive sets of equations from which the acoustic coefficients are determined numerically. For estimations, simpl…

Absorption (acoustics)Materials scienceAcoustic interferometerMechanicsAcoustic waveAcoustic source localizationCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsComputer Science::SoundFree surfaceSecond soundReflection (physics)General Materials ScienceAtomic physicsSound speed gradientJournal of Low Temperature Physics
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Structural properties of phosphatidylcholine in a monolayer at the air/water interface

1991

Neutron reflectivities of phosphatidylcholine monolayers in the liquid condensed (LC) phase on ultrapure H 2 O and D 2 O subphases have been measured on a Langmuir film balance. Using a dedicated liquid surface reflectometer, reflectivities down to R = 10 -6 in the momentum transfer range Q z = 0–0.4A -1 were accessed. In a new approach, by refining neutron reflectivity data from chain-perdeuterated DPPC-d 62 in combination with x-ray measurements on the same monolayer under similar conditions it is shown that the two techniques mutually complement one another. This analysis leads to a detailed conception of the interface structure. It is found that in the LC phase (which is analogous to th…

CrystallographyLangmuirReflection (mathematics)ChemistryPhase (matter)X-ray crystallographyMomentum transferMonolayerAnalytical chemistryBiophysicsNeutronReflectometryBiophysical Journal
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