Search results for "regional anesthesia"
showing 10 items of 25 documents
The analysis of blood flow changes under local anesthetic input using non-contact technique
2010
In this work photoplethysmography imaging (PPGI) technique was used to obtain blood flow changes in human skin under regional anesthesia (RA). PPGI was evaluated from video taken by video camera for 26 patients 2 minutes before and immediately after RA, using custom developed software. Results showed that blood flow obtained by PPGI increases immediately after RA effect and the amplitude of PPGI showed correlation with temperature changes in human skin (r=0.8±0.14, p<0.0001). We found that PPGI technique can be usable for non-contact monitoring of quality of RA.
Influence of a Brief Episode of Anesthesia during the Induction of Experimental Brain Trauma on Secondary Brain Damage and Inflammation
2011
It is unclear whether a single, brief, 15-minute episode of background anesthesia already modulates delayed secondary processes after experimental brain injury. Therefore, this study was designed to characterize three anesthesia protocols for their effect on molecular and histological study endpoints. Mice were randomly separated into groups that received sevoflurane (sevo), isoflurane (iso) or an intraperitoneal anesthetic combination (midazolam, fentanyl and medetomidine; comb) prior to traumatic brain injury (controlled cortical impact, CCI; 8 m/s, 1 mm impact depth, 3 mm diameter). Twenty-four hours after insult, histological brain damage, neurological function (via neurological severit…
Incidence of severe critical events in paediatric anaesthesia (APRICOT): a prospective multicentre observational study in 261 hospitals in Europe
2017
Background Little is known about the incidence of severe critical events in children undergoing general anaesthesia in Europe. We aimed to identify the incidence, nature, and outcome of severe critical events in children undergoing anaesthesia, and the associated potential risk factors. Methods The APRICOT study was a prospective observational multicentre cohort study of children from birth to 15 years of age undergoing elective or urgent anaesthesia for diagnostic or surgical procedures. Children were eligible for inclusion during a 2-week period determined prospectively by each centre. There were 261 participating centres across 33 European countries. The primary endpoint was the occurenc…
Comparison between local and regional anesthesia in arteriovenous fistula creation.
2011
Purpose Assessment of the effectiveness of Brachial Plexus Block (BPB) via axillary approach compared to regional anesthesia for arteriovenous fistula surgery in patients affected by end-stage renal disease. Methods We compared forty patients randomly divided into two groups. Group A underwent BPB procedure with 15 mL ropivacaine 1% and 10 mL of saline (0.9% NaCl) via axillary approach. Group B received local anesthesia with lidocaine 2%. The forearm blood vessels were assessed by Doppler ultrasonography before and after the intervention. Results BPB performed on Group A was associated with a considerable venous dilation and a significant decrease (48.7%, P<.05) in pulsatility index (PI)…
Tibial Nerve Block: Supramalleolar or Retromalleolar Approach? A Randomized Trial in 110 Participants.
2020
Of the five nerves that innervate the foot, the one in which anesthetic blocking presents the greatest difficulty is the tibial nerve. The aim of this clinical trial was to establish a protocol for two tibial nerve block anesthetic techniques to later compare the anesthetic efficiency of retromalleolar blocking and supramalleolar blocking in order to ascertain whether the supramalleolar approach achieved a higher effective blocking rate. A total of 110 tibial nerve blocks were performed. Location of the injection site was based on a prior ultrasound assessment of the tibial nerve. The block administered was 3 mL of 2% mepivacaine. The two anesthetic techniques under study provided very simi…
Attālinātas fotopletizmogrāfijas metode femorāla nerva blokādes monitorēšanai
2020
Virsrakst: Attālinātas fotopletizmogrāfijas metode femorāla nerva blokādes monitorēšanai. Priekšvēsture: Attālināta fotopletizmogrāfija (aFPG) ir neinvazīva ādas mikrocirckulācijas izvērtēšanas metode, ko potenciāli var izmantot reģionālas anestēzijas sekmīguma pārbaudei. Viena no reģionālas anestēzijas problēmām ir vēlīnā un subjektīvā bloka iznākuma prognozēšana. Mērķis: Izvērtēt ādas mikrocirkulācijas izmaiņas ceļa locītavas ādā pēc prolongētas femorāla nerva blokādes ar aFPG metodi. Izvērtēt aFPG metodes efektivitāti diferencēšanā starp placebo un lokālo anestētiķu injekciju femorāla nerva blokādes laikā. Uzdevumi: 1. Izvērtēt aFPG spēju identificēt šļirci ar lokālo anestētiķi vai place…
Pressure Monitoring of Intraneural an Perineural Injections Into the Median, Radial, and Ulnar Nerves; Lessons From a Cadaveric Study
2015
Background: Nerve damage after regional anesthesia has been of great concern to anesthetists. Various modalities have been suggested to recognize and prevent its incidence. An understudied area is the measurement of intraneural pressure during peripheral nerve blockade. Previous investigations have produced contradicting results with only one study being conducted on human cadavers. Objectives: The purpose of this investigation was to systematically record intraneural and perineural injection pressures on the median, ulnar, and radial nerves exclusively as a primary outcome. Materials and Methods: Ultrasonography-guided injections of 1 mL of 0.9% NaCl over ten seconds were performed on phen…
Simple and convenient remote photoplethysmography system for monitoring regional anesthesia effectiveness
2017
Simple and inexpensive remote photoplethysmography system for monitoring the effectiveness of regional anesthesia was developed and tested. The system involves surgical lamp as light source, compact video camera and computer with custom developed software. Data from eight patients were processed and the effectiveness of regional anesthesia was calculated. The results showed that the standard surgical lamp can be used as a light source together with camera for remote monitoring of regional anesthesia effectiveness.
Intravenous Regional Anesthesia
1988
Intravenous regional anesthesia was first described by Bier in 1908. The technique fell into disuse until 1963, when Holmes revived the technique by substituting lidocaine for procaine (see Sect. V. D, “Choice and Dosage of Agents”).
Manejo perioperatorio del dolor en el paciente en tratamiento crónico con opiáceos
2011
Pain is one of the most common reasons for seeking medical care and the frequency of prescription of opioid analgesics by both primary care physicians and specialists has increased. It is therefore unsurprising that many patients with chronic pain who must undergo scheduled or emergency surgery will be on long-term medication, including opioids. Managing postoperative pain, even with high doses of drugs, seems to be more difficult in regular users of such analgesics, possibly because of an apparent association of opioid use with increased tolerance and hyperalgesia. Postoperative pain relief should be carefully tailored in these cases by means of a management plan worked out along with the …