Search results for "reproductive and urinary physiology"
showing 10 items of 365 documents
Subventricular zone localized irradiation affects the generation of proliferating neural precursor cells and the migration of neuroblasts
2012
Radiation therapy is a part of the standard treatment for brain tumor patients, often resulting in irreversible neuropsychological deficits. These deficits may be due to permanent damage to the neural stem cell (NSC) niche, damage to local neural progenitors, or neurotoxicity. Using a computed tomography-guided localized radiation technique, we studied the effects of radiation on NSC proliferation and neuroblast migration in the mouse brain. Localized irradiation of the subventricular zone (SVZ) eliminated the proliferating neural precursor cells and migrating neuroblasts. After irradiation, type B cells in the SVZ lacked the ability to generate migrating neuroblasts. Neuroblasts from the u…
The E-modulus of the oocyte is a non-destructive measure of zona pellucida hardening
2021
Reproduction 162(4), 259-266 (2021). doi:10.1530/REP-21-0122
Simultaneous determination in situ of DNA fragmentation and 8-oxoguanine in human sperm.
2009
Deoxyribonucleic acid fragmentation and oxidative DNA damage were simultaneously determined in the same sperm cell, incubating with an 8-oxoguanine DNA probe on human spermatozoa processed by the sperm chromatin dispersion test. The assay was validated by incubation with agents that induce DNA fragmentation with or without oxidative base damage. In all samples examined, increased levels of 8-oxoguanine were present only in those spermatozoa with fragmented DNA, suggesting a link between both DNA damage types.
Occurrence of the interference of sperm-associated antibodies on sperm fertilizing ability as evaluated by the sperm-zona pellucida binding test and …
1997
PROBLEM: This study was performed to evaluate the occurrence as well as the level of the interference of sperm-associated antibodies on fertilization process. METHOD: Motile sperm suspensions from 28 infertile patients with high degree of autoimmunization against the sperm head were tested with the zona pellucida (ZP) binding test and with the sperm penetration assay (SPA) enhanced with TEST-yolk buffer. Both tests were also performed using donor sperm exposed and non-exposed to the patients' circulating sperm antibodies. RESULTS: A low ZP-binding was exhibited by sperm from 50% of patients with normal semen profile. All normozoospermic patients with low ZP-binding showed circulating sperm-…
Determining the relationship between bull sperm kinematic subpopulations and fluorescence groups using an integrated sperm quality analysis technique.
2017
The aim of the present study was to determine whether there is an association between the kinematic sperm subpopulations and fluorescent groups in bulls using a new fluorescent staining method that allows classification of spermatozoa into groups depending on their acrosomal and membrane integrity, as well as functional status, without inhibiting sperm motility. Cryopreserved semen samples from 10 Holstein bulls were used in the study. A multiparametric analysis of results obtained by the ISAS 3Fun kit (Proiser) was performed. The different fluorescent groups were detected and their motility characteristics evaluated using ISAS software. Clustering procedures using the kinematic data resul…
Characteristics of the spermathecal contents of old and young honeybee queens.
2009
Sperm are often stored, for a long time after mating, in females of various animal species. In case of the queen honeybee (Apis mellifera), sperm remain fertile for several years in the spermatheca. Little information is available regarding the effect of long-term storage of sperm on its fertility. To evaluate this, enzymes and/or sperm have been analysed from the spermatheca of 75 queens of various ages (0 year Y0, n=14; one year Y1, n=14; two years Y2, n=7; virgin queen VQ, n=40) and semen samples have been taken from 46 drones. The sperm from the spermatheca of older queens move more slowly (F=11.45, P < 0.0001) and show different movement patterns (Chi2=90.0, P < 0.0001) from those of t…
Quantitative changes in sperm head morphology during passage through the male excurrent duct system of the rabbit.
1998
A fine adjustment of sperm head size and shape occurs during maturation and storage within the male excurrent duct of the rabbit. This remodelling, as judged by morphometric values of area, perimeter, length, width, and shape factors, takes place mostly in passage from the seminiferous tubules of the testis to the distal caput of the epididymis. The dimensions of sperm heads from the distal corpus of the epididymis break the general tendency toward a reduction in size and more elliptical shapes. A period of transport and storage within the epididymal cauda and vas deferens follows in which there are no further changes in sperm head morphometry. It can be concluded that the period immediatel…
Effect of genistein added to bull semen after thawing on pronuclear and sperm quality.
2015
The aim of this research was to study the effect of different genistein treatments on bull sperm after thawing on pronuclear formation after in vitro fertilization (IVF) and on different sperm quality variables. Three experiments were performed. In Experiment 1, three treatments (Control, sperm incubation for 1 h at 37 degrees C with or without genistein) and two sperm concentrations during IVF (I or 3 x 10(6) sperm/mL) were evaluated to study the influence of genistein on pronuclear formation (PNF). Sperm incubation for 1 h before IVF reduced PNF regardless of sperm concentration. However, after sperm incubation and with 3 x 10(6) sperm/mL in IVF, the genistein treatment group had greater …
Swim-up procedure selects spermatozoa with longer telomere length.
2010
Telomere length and sperm DNA fragmentation were determined in sperm samples from 27 patients, using a quantitative PCR (Q-PCR) assay and the Sperm Chromatin Dispersion (SCD) test, respectively. Comparisons of the samples before and after swim-up processing demonstrated that this procedure selects a sperm population with longer average telomere size and lower frequency of sperm cells with fragmented DNA.
Sperm DNA fragmentation levels in testicular sperm samples from azoospermic males as assessed by the sperm chromatin dispersion (SCD) test.
2009
Objective To analyze sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) in testicular sperm samples from patients with azoospermia either from spermatogenic failure or from duct obstruction. Several technologies can be applied in the evaluation of SDF, but given the ease and low costs, the sperm chromatin dispersion test (SCD) has emerged as a promising standard. Design Prospective blind observational cohort study. Setting University-affiliated private IVF setting. Patient(s) Azoospermic patients from couples undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles. Intervention(s) Testicular sperm extraction (TESE). Main Outcome Measurement(s) We determined testicular SDF, and a basic comparison between nonobstructi…