Search results for "roots"

showing 10 items of 380 documents

Saponins from the Roots of Nylandtia spinosa

2007

From the roots of Nylandtia spinosa, four new triterpene saponins, 3- O-beta- d-glucopyranosylpresenegenin 28- O-beta- d-galactopyranosyl-(1-->4)-[alpha- l-arabinopyranosyl-(1-->3)]-beta- d-xylopyranosyl-(1-->4)-[beta- d-apiofuranosyl-(1-->3)]-alpha- l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta- d-fucopyranosyl ester ( 1), 3- O-beta- d-glucopyranosylpresenegenin 28- O-beta- d-galactopyranosyl-(1-->4)-[alpha- l-arabinopyranosyl-(1-->3)]-beta- d-xylopyranosyl-(1-->4)-alpha- l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta- d-fucopyranosyl ester ( 2), 3- O-beta- d-glucopyranosylpresenegenin 28- O-beta- d-apiofuranosyl-(1-->4)-[beta- d-galactopyranosyl-(1-->2)]-beta- d-xylopyranosyl-(1-->4)-alpha- l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-be…

Nylandtia spinosaCoumaric AcidsSpermidineStereochemistrySaponinPharmaceutical SciencePharmacognosyPlant RootsAnalytical ChemistryInhibitory Concentration 50TriterpeneDrug DiscoveryHumansNuclear Magnetic Resonance BiomolecularPharmacologychemistry.chemical_classificationPlants MedicinalMolecular StructureChemistryOrganic ChemistryGlycosideTenuifolinSaponinsTriterpenesTerpenoidPolygalaceaeHuman colon cancerComplementary and alternative medicineMolecular MedicineDrug Screening Assays AntitumorJournal of Natural Products
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Pythium campanulatumsp. nov., isolated from the rhizosphere of maize, its taxonomy, ITS region of rDNA, and comparison with related species

2003

Pythium campanulatum sp. nov. was isolated from some soil samples taken in the rhizosphere of maize (Zea mays) in north-eastern India. This species is characterized by the absence of zoospores and sporangia, antheridial branches wrapping around the oogonia leaving one to two campanulate antheridial cells after fertilization, and aplerotic oospores. The ITS region of its rDNA is comprised of 922 bases. This oomycete is closely related to Pythium orthogonon, Pythium nunn and Pythium toruloides. However, it has its own characteristic features and is completely devoid of zoospores. Taxonomic description of this new species and its comparison with related oomycetes, together with the sequence of…

OomyceteRhizosphereBase SequencebiologyZoosporeSporangiumMolecular Sequence DataIndiaPythiumbiology.organism_classificationPlant RootsPolymerase Chain ReactionZea maysMicrobiologySequence Homology Nucleic AcidDNA Ribosomal SpacerBotanyGeneticsOosporeTaxonomy (biology)PythiumDNA FungalMolecular BiologyRibosomal DNASoil MicrobiologyFEMS Microbiology Letters
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Retama species growing in different ecological-climatic areas of northeastern Algeria have a narrow range of rhizobia that form a novel phylogenetic …

2009

International audience; Sixty-seven isolates were isolated from nodules collected on roots of Mediterranean shrubby legumes Retama raetam and Retama sphaerocarpa growing in seven ecological-climatic areas of northeastern Algeria. Genetic diversity of the Retama isolates was analyzed based on genotyping by restriction fragment length polymorphism of PCR-amplified fragments of the 16S rRNA gene, the intergenic spacer (IGS) region between the 16S and 23S rRNA genes (IGS), and the symbiotic genes nifH and nodC. Eleven haplotypes assigned to the Bradyrhizobium genus were identified. Significant biogeographical differentiation of the rhizobial populations was found, but one haplotype was predomin…

PHYLOGENYClimateRETAMAMolecular Sequence DataDIVERSITYRetamaBRADYRHYZOBIUMApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyMicrobiologyBradyrhizobiumDNA RibosomalPlant RootsRhizobia03 medical and health sciencesRNA Ribosomal 16SBotanySYMBIOTIC GENESBradyrhizobiumCladeEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsBradyrhizobium elkaniiEcosystemSoil Microbiology030304 developmental biology0303 health sciencesGenetic diversitybiologyPhylogenetic treeBase SequenceGeography030306 microbiologyEcologyFabaceaebiology.organism_classificationDNA FingerprintingHousekeeping gene[SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and ParasitologyGenes BacterialAlgeriaDNA IntergenicMULTILOCUS SEQUENCE ANALYSIS
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Comportamento agronomico di quattro nuovi portinnesti ibridi pesco x mandorlo in un impianto ad alta densità in Sicilia

2009

The present study was aimed to evaluate the agronomic behavior of different rootstocks, recently licensed by the Dipartimento di Coltura e Difesa delle Specie Legnose of the University of Pisa, and tested in a high density planting system (2220 trees/ha). Trials were carried out in an experimental orchard established by the Dipartimento di Colture Arboree of the University of Palermo and located in Sicily (Sciacca – Agrigento – 150 m a.s.l.). The observations were carried out on clonal rootstocks: I.S. 5/8 (Polluce); I.S. 5/19 (Castore); I.S. 5/23; I.S. 5/29 and GF 677 grafted at dormant bud with the low chill requirement cultivar “Tropic Snow”. The orchard was established in 2004, trees we…

Peach x almond hybridPrunus persicaSettore AGR/03 - Arboricoltura Generale E Coltivazioni ArboreeFruit qualitypeach rootstock Prunus dulcis x P. persica hybrids production efficiency high density planting system quality fruitRootstock breedingHigh density plantingsYield efficiencyRootstock breeding; High density plantings; Peach x almond hybrid; Yield efficiency; Fruit quality; Prunus persica
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Cytotoxicity of isoflavones and biflavonoids from Ormocarpum kirkii towards multi-factorial drug resistant cancer.

2019

Abstract Background While incidences of cancer are continuously increasing, drug resistance of malignant cells is observed towards almost all pharmaceuticals. Several isoflavonoids and flavonoids are known for their cytotoxicity towards various cancer cells. Purpose The aim of this study was to determine the cytotoxicity of isoflavones: osajin (1), 5,7-dihydroxy-4ˈ-methoxy-6,8-diprenylisoflavone (2) and biflavonoids: chamaejasmin (3), 7,7″-di-O-methylchamaejasmin (4) and campylospermone A (5), a dimeric chromene [diphysin(6)] and an ester of ferullic acid with long alkyl chain [erythrinasinate (7)] isolated from the stem bark and roots of the Kenyan medicinal plant, Ormocarpum kirkii. The m…

Pharmaceutical ScienceApoptosisPlant Roots03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineCell Line TumorDrug DiscoveryCytotoxic T cellBiflavonoidsHumansddc:610Cytotoxicity030304 developmental biologyPharmacologychemistry.chemical_classificationMembrane Potential Mitochondrial0303 health sciencesBiflavonoidsPlants MedicinalPlant ExtractsCell CycleBiflavonoidFabaceaeIsoflavonesMolecular biologyAntineoplastic Agents PhytogenicIsoflavonesKenyaDrug Resistance MultipleComplementary and alternative medicinechemistryCell cultureApoptosisDrug Resistance Neoplasm030220 oncology & carcinogenesisCaspasesCancer cellPlant BarkMolecular MedicineInstitut für ChemieReactive Oxygen SpeciesPhytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology
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Synergy assessment of fixed combinations of Herba Andrographidis and Radix Eleutherococci extracts by transcriptome-wide microarray profiling

2015

Abstract Background Generally accepted, but insufficiently proved, the concept of synergy is based on an assumption that combining of two biologically active substances is justified because the combination is more active and less harmful than the ingredients. Hypothesis Analysis of RNA microarray of isolated neuroglia cells and the comparison the number of genes deregulated by plant extracts and their fixed herbal formulation might be a useful tool/method for assessment of synergistic and antagonistic interactions of herbal extracts in human organism. Aim The primary aim of this study was to extend a new method of assessment of synergistic and antagonistic interactions of herbal extracts in…

Pharmaceutical ScienceEleutherococcusComputational biologyPharmacologyBiologyVenn diagramsPlant RootsCell LineTranscriptomeInterferonAcanthaceaeDrug DiscoverymedicineHumansAraliaceaeGenePharmacologyRegulation of gene expressionPlant ExtractsMicroarray analysis techniquesGene Expression ProfilingDrug SynergismMicroarray AnalysisFold changeGene expression profilingSynergyGene Expression RegulationComplementary and alternative medicineMolecular MedicineAndrographisSignal transductionPharmacogenomicsNeurogliaNetwork pharmacologymedicine.drugPhytomedicine
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Chemical Composition and Possible in Vitro Phytotoxic Activity of Helichrsyum italicum (Roth) Don ssp. italicum

2011

The chemical composition of the essential oil of Helichrysum italicum (Roth) Don ssp. italicum, collected in the National Park of Cilento and Diano Valley, Southern Italy, was studied by means of GC and GC/MS. Forty four compounds of 45 constituents were identified in the oil, mainly oxygenated sesquiterpenes. The essential oil was evaluated for its potential in vitro phytotoxic activity against germination and early radicle elongation of radish and garden cress. The radicle elongation of radish was significantly inhibited at the highest doses tested, while germination of both seeds was not affected.

Pharmaceutical ScienceGerminationphytotoxicityHelichrysum italicum (Roth) Don ssp. italicumPlant RootsHelichrysum italicumArticleLepidium sativumessential oilRaphanusAnalytical Chemistrylaw.inventionlcsh:QD241-441lcsh:Organic chemistrylawDrug DiscoveryBotanyOils VolatileRadiclePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryChemical compositionEssential oilHelichrysumbiologyHerbicidesPlant ExtractsOrganic Chemistryfood and beverages<em>Helichrysum italicum </em>(Roth) Don ssp.<em> italicum</em>; essential oil; phytotoxicitybiology.organism_classificationChemistry (miscellaneous)GerminationMolecular MedicinePhytotoxicitySesquiterpenesMolecules; Volume 16; Issue 9; Pages: 7725-7735
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Traditional Chinese Medicine Remedy to Jury: The Pharmacological Basis for the Use of Shikonin as an Anticancer Therapy

2013

Shikonin is the major constituent of the root of Lithospermum erythrorhizon, which has been used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat external wounds, burns, or dermatitis for centuries. Nowadays, this root is commonly used as an herbal medicine against cancer. Studies carried out over the past 30 years have demonstrated that many of the effects historically associated with the use of this root have a scientific basis, with shikonin and its derivatives being responsible for its pharmacological properties. These include both anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects. While previous summaries have focused on the pharmacokinetics and toxicity of shikonin, the aim of this review is to report…

PharmacologyAntitumor activitybiologyTraditional medicinebusiness.industryOrganic ChemistryAnti-Inflammatory AgentsAntineoplastic AgentsTraditional Chinese medicineLithospermum erythrorhizonbiology.organism_classificationPlant RootsBiochemistryNeoplasmsChinese traditionalDrug DiscoveryHumansMolecular MedicineMedicineMedicine Chinese TraditionalbusinessNaphthoquinonesCurrent Medicinal Chemistry
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Secondary metabolites from the roots of Paronychia chionaea

2011

Two novel secondary metabolites, compounds (1–2) were isolated from the roots of Paronychia chionaea. On the basis of spectroscopic data including 1D and 2D NMR experiments (COSY, TOCSY, HSQC, and HMBC), and mass spectroscopy, their structures were established as 6- C-[α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]-7- O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl]-luteolin 3′-methyl ether (1), and 2-(methoxy)-2-(3,5-dimethoxy 4-hydroxyphenyl)-ethane-1,2-diol 1- O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2).

PharmacologyMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyStereochemistryPlant ScienceGeneral MedicineChrysoeriolmedicine.diseasePlant RootsParonychiachemistry.chemical_compoundComplementary and alternative medicinechemistryDrug DiscoverymedicineGlycosidesParonychiaTwo-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyHeteronuclear single quantum coherence spectroscopy
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Cycloartane-type saponins from astragalus tmoleus var. tmoleus

2016

Five known cycloartane-type glycosides were isolated from the roots of A. tmoleus Boiss. var. tmoleus. The identification of these compounds was mainly achieved by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic techniques and FABMS. The results of our studies confirm that triterpene saponins with the cycloartane-type skeleton might be chemotaxonomically significant for the genus Astragalus.

Pharmacologychemistry.chemical_classificationMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopybiologyTraditional medicinePlant roots010405 organic chemistryGlycosidePlant ScienceGeneral MedicineFabaceaeAstragalus PlantSaponinsbiology.organism_classification01 natural sciencesPlant Roots0104 chemical sciences010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistryAstragalusComplementary and alternative medicinechemistryTriterpeneGenusDrug DiscoveryAstragalus Plant
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