Search results for "solution"

showing 10 items of 5638 documents

The superior effect of nature based solutions in land management for enhancing ecosystem services

2017

The rehabilitation and restoration of land is a key strategy to recover services -goods and resources- ecosystems offer to the humankind. This paper reviews key examples to understand the superior effect of nature based solutions to enhance the sustainabilit y of catchment systems by promoting desirable soil and landscape functions. The use of concepts such as connectivity and the theory of system thinking framework allowed to review coastal and river management as a guide to evaluate other strategies to achieve sustainability. In land management NBSs are not mainstream management. Through a set of case studies: organic farming in Spain; rewilding in Slovenia; land restoration in Iceland, s…

Conservation of Natural ResourcesEnvironmental Engineering010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesEcosystem serviceNature based solutionSloveniaIcelandLand managementSDGSystem dynamic010501 environmental sciencesSystem dynamics01 natural sciencesEcosystem servicesSoil functionsEnvironmental ChemistryEcosystem servicesWaste Management and DisposalEcosystemSDGs0105 earth and related environmental sciencesSwedenSustainable developmentbusiness.industryEnvironmental resource managementBodemfysica en LandbeheerPE&RCPollutionSettore AGR/02 - Agronomia E Coltivazioni ErbaceeSoil Physics and Land ManagementNature based solutionsSpainLand restorationWetlandsSustainabilityLand degradationEnvironmental scienceEthiopiaHydrologybusinessSurface runoffEnvironmental MonitoringScience of the Total Environment
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How to apply the Kirkwood–Buff theory to individual species in salt solutions

2013

It is generally assumed that the Kirkwood–Buff (KB) theory cannot be applied to anions and cations individually in a solution, as one cannot simulate this system in an open ensemble due to the electroneutrality constraint. By applying our recently derived KB theory for closed systems, we show that one does have access to single-ion properties in Molecular Dynamics. Our findings are supported by simulations for a model of a salt solution in which particles interact with WCA potentials, as well as for the NaCl/water system using the Particle Mesh Ewald technique for electrostatics.

Constraint (information theory)chemistry.chemical_classificationMolecular dynamicsSalt solutionchemistryComputational chemistryParticle MeshGeneral Physics and AstronomySalt (chemistry)ThermodynamicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryElectrostaticsChemical Physics Letters
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pH of multipurpose contact lens solutions over time

1998

The pH of nine different brands of multipurpose contact lens solutions available in Spain was determined over a period of 32 days after opening the bottles. Five bottles of nine solutions were used, each of which was buffered and obtained from different manufacturers. The pH measurements were taken using a micropH 2002 Crison pH-meter (accuracy +/- 0.001 pH units). Each solution was measured three times daily over the test period using 10-ml samples taken from the same container. Fluctuations in pH over time were observed but these were within the range of ocular comfort. The average pH of all the solutions tested proved to be between 6.99 and 7.56.

Contact lensOphthalmologyContact lens solutionsChromatographyMaterials scienceGeneral MedicinePh measurementOptometryBiomedical engineeringContact Lens and Anterior Eye
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Comparative study of pH for different saline and multi-purpose contact lens solutions.

1997

In this study, we determined the pH of different saline and multipurpose contact lens solutions available on the Spanish market. We examined 10 samples of 14 solutions, seven of which are saline solutions and seven multipurpose ones, from different manufacturers. Both types of solution were found to have significant variations in pH, with values ranging from 6.70 to 7.57 for the saline solutions and 6.84 to 7.63 for the multipurpose solutions. We concluded that the solutions should not affect the ocular physiological performance because their pH values are within the buffering capacity of the eye.

Contact lensOphthalmologyContact lens solutionsChromatographySaline solutionsChemistrymedicine.medical_treatmentmedicineGeneral MedicineSalineOptometryContact lensanterior eye : the journal of the British Contact Lens Association
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Structural highs formation and their relationship to sedimentary basins in the north Sicily continental margin (southern Tyrrhenian Sea): implication…

2005

Two high-penetration seismic profiles across the continental margin of north Sicily (southern Tyrrhenian Sea) have been interpreted to construct a crustal section across the margin and to provide a three-dimensional perspective on the upper crustal setting of the Solunto High and its structural relationships with the adjacent Cefalù Basin. Crystalline rocks of the Kabilian-Calabrian Units (KCU) are recognized in the Solunto High region and farther to the north. The KCU body is tectonically superimposed onto sedimentary rocks pertaining to the Sicilian-Maghrebian Units (SMU) and the Solunto High corresponds to the thrust sheet culmination. Its occurrence in the Solunto High demonstrates that…

Continental collisionBACK-ARC BASINSUBSIDENCELate MioceneNappe/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/life_below_waterPaleontologyContinental marginSDG 14 - Life Below WaterKINEMATICSGeomorphologyEarth-Surface Processesgeographygeography.geographical_feature_categorySubductionAPENNINESCONSTRAINTSSedimentary basinEVOLUTIONLITHOSPHEREINSIGHTSGeophysicsBack-arc basinSedimentary rockGeologyHIGH-RESOLUTIONEXTENSION
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Three periodic solutions for perturbed second order Hamiltonian systems

2009

AbstractIn this paper we study the existence of three distinct solutions for the following problem−u¨+A(t)u=∇F(t,u)+λ∇G(t,u)a.e. in [0,T],u(T)−u(0)=u˙(T)−u˙(0)=0, where λ∈R, T is a real positive number, A:[0,T]→RN×N is a continuous map from the interval [0,T] to the set of N-order symmetric matrices. We propose sufficient conditions only on the potential F. More precisely, we assume that G satisfies only a usual growth condition which allows us to use a variational approach.

Continuous mapPeriodic solutionsApplied MathematicsSecond order equationHamiltonian systemCritical pointCombinatoricssymbols.namesakesymbolsSymmetric matrixHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Second order Hamiltonian systemsAnalysisMathematicsJournal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications
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Eine Kombination niedrig und hochauflösender dynamischer T1-gewichteter Sequenzen zur besseren Beurteilung der Morphologie Kontrastmittel aufnehmende…

2002

Purpose: Presentation of a new protocol for simultaneous acquisition of both low and high resolution T 1 -weighted images of breast lesions for dynamic contrast-enhanced MR mammography. Demonstration of possible diagnostic improvement with representative measurements in patients with suspected breast cancer by adding morphologic parameters from high resolution sequences to the analysis of the signal-time curve. Materials and Methods: Dynamic MR imaging was performed with a 1.5 T system (Magnetom SONATA, Siemens Medical Systems, Germany) and the manufacturer's double-breast coil. Coronal T 1 -weighted 3D FLASH sequences (spatial resolution 1.25 ×1.25 mm 2 ; slice thickness 1.7 mm) were acqui…

Contrast mediumNuclear magnetic resonanceMaterials sciencePulse (signal processing)Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRIResolution (electron density)Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingSensitivity (control systems)Image resolutionSignalImaging phantomBiomedical engineeringRöFo - Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet der Röntgenstrahlen und der bildgebenden Verfahren
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Infinitely many solutions for a perturbed p-Laplacian boundary value problem with impulsive effects

2017

In this paper, we deal with the existence of weak solutions for a perturbed p-Laplacian boundary value problem with impulsive effects. More precisely, the existence of an exactly determined open interval of positive parameters for which the problem admits infinitely many weak solutions is established. Our proofs are based on variational methods.

Control and OptimizationApplied MathematicsPerturbed p-Laplacian boundary value problemCritical point theory; Impulsive effects; Infinitely many solutions; Perturbed p-Laplacian boundary value problem; Variational methods; Analysis; Geometry and Topology; Control and Optimization; Applied MathematicsVariational methodAnalysiImpulsive effectsInfinitely many solutionsImpulsive effectVariational methodsCritical point theoryInfinitely many solutionGeometry and TopologyAnalysis
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Regular and singular pulse and front solutions and possible isochronous behavior in the Extended-Reduced Ostrovsky Equation: Phase-plane, multi-infin…

2016

In this paper we employ three recent analytical approaches to investigate several classes of traveling wave solutions of the so-called extended-reduced Ostrovsky Equation (exROE). A recent extension of phase-plane analysis is first employed to show the existence of breaking kink wave solutions and smooth periodic wave (compacton) solutions. Next, smooth traveling waves are derived using a recent technique to derive convergent multi-infinite series solutions for the homoclinic orbits of the traveling-wave equations for the exROE equation. These correspond to pulse solutions respectively of the original PDEs. We perform many numerical tests in different parameter regime to pinpoint real saddl…

Control and OptimizationComputational MechanicsDiscrete Mathematics and CombinatoricsStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsExtended-Reduced Ostrovsky Equation Traveling Waves Singular Solutions Homoclinic and Heteroclinic Orbits Variational Solitary Waves
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Sensor Fusion Localization and Navigation for Visually Impaired People

2018

In this paper, we present an innovative cyber physical system for indoor and outdoor localization and navigation, based on the joint utilization of dead-reckoning and computer vision techniques on a smartphone-centric tracking system. The system is explicitly designed for visually impaired people, but it can be easily generalized to other users, and it is built under the assumption that special reference signals, such as colored tapes, painted lines, or tactile paving, are deployed in the environment for guiding visually impaired users along pre-defined paths. Differently from previous works on localization, which are focused only on the utilization of inertial sensors integrated into the s…

Control and OptimizationExploitSettore ING-INF/03 - TelecomunicazioniComputer sciencebusiness.industry05 social sciencesCyber-physical system020206 networking & telecommunicationsTracking system02 engineering and technologySensor fusionColoredControl and Systems EngineeringInertial measurement unit0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesComputer visionArtificial intelligencebusinessJoint (audio engineering)Image resolution050107 human factors2018 European Control Conference (ECC)
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