Search results for "solution"

showing 10 items of 5638 documents

Potential Application of Voltammetry of Microparticles for Dating Porcine Blood-based Binding Media used in Taiwanese Architectural Polychromies

2012

A method for dating Hemoglobine-containing archaeological samples using the voltammetry of microparticles is described. This is based on the record of the voltammetric response of such materials attached to paraffin-impregnated graphite electrodes in contact with aqueous acetate buffer. Signals attributable to the Fe(III)/Fe(II) iron couple and their catalytic enhancement in the presence of H(2)O(2) can be correlated, via first-order reaction kinetics, with the time of aging of the samples. The method has been applied to the study and dating of the polychromed architectural decoration of different parts of the architectural complex of the Longshan Temple in Lukang (18(th)  century, Taiwan).

Time FactorsAqueous solutionSwineChemistryOrganic ChemistryTaiwanAnalytical chemistryElectrochemical TechniquesHydrogen PeroxideGeneral ChemistryFerric CompoundsBiochemistryCatalysisGas Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryCatalysisHemoglobinsAnimalsGraphiteFerrous CompoundsElectrodesVoltammetryPorcine bloodGraphite electrodeNuclear chemistryChemistry - An Asian Journal
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A new biodegradable and biocompatible hydrogel with polyaminoacid structure

2007

The preparation and physicochemical and biological characterization of a novel polyaminoacid hydrogel have been reported. The ,-poly(N-2- hydroxyethyl)-dl-aspartamide (PHEA) has been used as a starting polymer for a derivatization reaction with methacrylic anhydride (MA) to give rise to the methacrylate derivative named PHM. Photocrosslinking of PHM has been performed in aqueous solution at 313 nm and in the absence of toxic initiators. PHM-based hydrogel has been characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometry, swelling measurements in aqueous media; the degradation of PHM-based hydrogel has been evaluated as a function of time in the absence or in the presence of ester…

Time FactorsBiocompatibilityCell SurvivalSurface PropertiesChemistry PharmaceuticalPharmaceutical ScienceMethacrylic anhydrideBiocompatible MaterialsMicroscopy Atomic ForceMethacrylateDosage formchemistry.chemical_compoundPolymethacrylic AcidsX-Ray DiffractionSpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredPolymer chemistryHumansTechnology PharmaceuticalDrug CarriersAqueous solutionHydrolysisEsterasestechnology industry and agricultureWaterHydrogelshydrogels FT-IRBlood ProteinschemistrySelf-healing hydrogelsDrug deliveryMicroscopy Electron ScanningK562 CellsPeptidesDrug carrierPorosityProtein BindingNuclear chemistryInternational Journal of Pharmaceutics
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Fluctuation Methods To Study Protein Aggregation in Live Cells: Concanavalin A Oligomers Formation

2011

Prefibrillar oligomers of proteins are suspected to be the primary pathogenic agents in several neurodegenerative diseases. A key approach for elucidating the pathogenic mechanisms is to probe the existence of oligomers directly in living cells. In this work, we were able to monitor the process of aggregation of Concanavalin A in live cells. We used number and brightness analysis, two-color cross number and brightness analysis, and Raster image correlation spectroscopy to obtain the number of molecules, aggregation state, and diffusion coefficient as a function of time and cell location. We observed that binding of Concanavalin A to the membrane and the formation of small aggregates paralle…

Time FactorsCell SurvivalCellSpectroscopy Imaging and Other TechniquesBiophysicsProtein aggregationCell morphologyCell membraneDiffusion03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundMice0302 clinical medicineProtein structure2-NaphthylaminemedicineConcanavalin AAnimalsconfocal microscopy super resolution protein aggregation kinetics in live cells amyloid related pathologiesAnnexin A5Protein Structure QuaternaryCell Shape030304 developmental biology0303 health sciencesbiologySpectrum AnalysisCell MembraneFibroblastsEmbryo MammalianCell biologyMembranemedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryConcanavalin Abiology.proteinLaurdan030217 neurology & neurosurgeryFluorescein-5-isothiocyanateLaurates
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In vitro degradation of porous PLLA/pearl powder composite scaffolds

2013

Abstract The in vitro degradation behavior of poly- l -lactide (PLLA), PLLA/aragonite pearl powder and PLLA/vaterite pearl powder scaffolds was investigated. The scaffolds were soaked in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) up to 200 days. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used to observe any degradation of the scaffolds. Degradation behaviors such as changes in pH, porosity, bulk density, water absorption, weight loss and mechanical properties were discussed. The results show that a gradual increase of the pH in composite scaffolds can decrease the rate of hydrolysis of PLLA. PLLA/vaterite and PLLA/aragonite…

Time FactorsMaterials scienceAbsorption of waterCompressive StrengthScanning electron microscopePolyestersComposite numberBioengineeringBuffersAbsorptionCalcium CarbonateBiomaterialsGel permeation chromatographyHydrolysischemistry.chemical_compoundDifferential scanning calorimetryVateriteAnimalsTransition TemperatureComposite materialLactideCalorimetry Differential ScanningTissue ScaffoldsWaterHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationMolecular WeightSolutionsChemical engineeringchemistryMechanics of MaterialsMicroscopy Electron ScanningCalciumPowdersPorosityMaterials Science and Engineering: C
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Photo-Cross-Linked Hydrogels with Polysaccharide−Poly(amino acid) Structure:  New Biomaterials for Pharmaceutical Applications

2006

The aim of this work has been the preparation and characterization of novel hydrogels with polysaccharide-poly(amino acid) structure having suitable physicochemical properties for pharmaceutical applications. In the first step, hyaluronic acid (HA) and alpha,beta-poly(N-2-hydroxyethyl)-DL-aspartamide (PHEA) have been derivatized with methacrylic anhydride (AMA), thus obtaining HA-AMA and PHM derivatives, respectively. In the second step, aqueous solutions of both these derivatives have been irradiated at 313 nm to obtain chemical hydrogels. The hydrogel obtained by irradiating for 15 min an aqueous solution containing 4% w/v of HA-AMA and 4% w/v of PHM resulted in the highest yield. Its swe…

Time FactorsPolymers and PlasticsUltraviolet RaysChemistry PharmaceuticalMolecular Sequence DataMethacrylic anhydrideBiocompatible MaterialsBioengineeringmacromolecular substancesBiomaterialschemistry.chemical_compoundPolysaccharidesPolymer chemistryCarbohydrate ConformationMaterials ChemistryAmino Acidschemistry.chemical_classificationAqueous solutionChemistrytechnology industry and agricultureChemical modificationHydrogelsAmino acidCarbohydrate Sequencebiomaterials drug delivery hyaluronic acidDrug deliverySelf-healing hydrogelsLiberationDrug carrierNuclear chemistryBiomacromolecules
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Classification of Pecorino cheeses produced in Italy according to their ripening time and manufacturing technique using Fourier transform infrared sp…

2010

Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, followed by linear discriminant analysis of the spectral data, was used to classify Italian Pecorino cheeses according to their ripening time and manufacturing technique. The Fourier transform infrared spectra of the cheeses were divided into 18 regions and the normalized absorbance peak areas within these regions were used as predictors. Linear discriminant analysis models were constructed to classify Pecorino cheeses according to different ripening stages (hard and semi-hard) or according to their manufacturing technique (fossa and nonfossa cheeses). An excellent resolution was achieved according to both ripening time and manufacturing technique. A…

Time FactorsRIPENINGFood HandlingAnalytical chemistryInfrared spectroscopyCheese ripeningsymbols.namesakeCheeseSpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredGeneticsFourier transform infrared spectroscopyMathematicsFOURIER TRANSFORM INFRARED SPECTROSCOPYbusiness.industryResolution (electron density)Discriminant AnalysisPattern recognitionRipeningLinear discriminant analysisFourier transform infrared spectraFourier transformLINEAR DISCRIMINANT ANALYSISItalyPECORINO CHEESEsymbolsFood TechnologyAnimal Science and ZoologyArtificial intelligencebusinessFood ScienceJournal of Dairy Science
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Comparison of basis functions for 3D PET reconstruction using a Monte Carlo system matrix.

2012

In emission tomography, iterative statistical methods are accepted as the reconstruction algorithms that achieve the best image quality. The accuracy of these methods relies partly on the quality of the system response matrix (SRM) that characterizes the scanner. The more physical phenomena included in the SRM, the higher the SRM quality, and therefore higher image quality is obtained from the reconstruction process. High-resolution small animal scanners contain as many as 103?104 small crystal pairs, while the field of view (FOV) is divided into hundreds of thousands of small voxels. These two characteristics have a significant impact on the number of elements to be calculated in the SRM. …

Time FactorsRadiological and Ultrasound TechnologyRotationStatistical noisebusiness.industryImage qualityPhantoms ImagingMonte Carlo methodBasis functioncomputer.software_genreNoiseImaging Three-DimensionalVoxelPositron-Emission TomographyRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingComputer visionArtificial intelligencebusinesscomputerAlgorithmImage resolutionMonte Carlo MethodSmoothingMathematicsPhysics in medicine and biology
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Synthesis and characterization of modified sulfonated chitosan for beryllium recovery

2019

Abstract A new adsorbent, sulfated crosslinked chitosan (SGCH), has been synthesized for the effective extraction of beryllium ions from their aqueous solutions. In recent times, beryllium extraction has been of great importance because beryllium can be used in many applications such as in nuclear reactor, heat shields, high-technology ceramics, alloys and electronic heat sinks. SGCH has been synthesized by two successive phases. The first is the conversion of chitosan (CH) into non-soluble cross-linked chitosan (GCH) through the interaction between chitosan and glutaraldehyde. The second step is the formation of functional sulfonate groups onto the adsorbent material through the interactio…

Time FactorsRemediationchemistry.chemical_elementChemistry Techniques Synthetic02 engineering and technologyBiochemistryChitosan03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundAdsorptionStructural BiologyDesorptionMolecular Biology030304 developmental biologyChitosan0303 health sciencesAqueous solutiontechnology industry and agricultureSorptionGeneral Medicine021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyrespiratory tract diseasesSulfonatechemistryBiosorptionAdsorptionBerylliumGlutaraldehydeSulfonic AcidsBeryllium0210 nano-technologyNuclear chemistryInternational Journal of Biological Macromolecules
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Global retention models and their application to the prediction of chromatographic fingerprints

2020

Abstract The resolution of samples containing unknown compounds of different nature, or without standards available, as is the case of chromatographic fingerprints, is still a challenge. Possibly, the most problematic aspect that prevents systematic method development is finding models that describe without bias the retention behaviour of the compounds in the samples. In this work, the use of global models (able to describe the whole sample) is proposed as an alternative to the use of individual models for each solute. Global models contain parameters that are specific for each solute, while other parameters ‒related to the column and solvent‒ are common for all solutes. A special regressio…

Time FactorsResolution (mass spectrometry)Predictive capability010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesBiochemistryHigh-performance liquid chromatographyAnalytical ChemistryComputer SimulationChromatographySulfonamidesChromatographyPlant ExtractsChemistryElution010401 analytical chemistryOrganic ChemistryChamomileWaterGeneral MedicineModels TheoreticalReference StandardsMethod development0104 chemical sciencesRegression AnalysisGradient elutionAlgorithmsJournal of Chromatography A
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Influence of respiratory rate and end-expiratory pressure variation on cyclic alveolar recruitment in an experimental lung injury model

2012

Introduction Cyclic alveolar recruitment/derecruitment (R/D) is an important mechanism of ventilator-associated lung injury. In experimental models this process can be measured with high temporal resolution by detection of respiratory-dependent oscillations of the paO2 (ΔpaO2). A previous study showed that end-expiratory collapse can be prevented by an increased respiratory rate in saline-lavaged rabbits. The current study compares the effects of increased positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) versus an individually titrated respiratory rate (RRind) on intra-tidal amplitude of Δ paO2 and on average paO2 in saline-lavaged pigs. Methods Acute lung injury was induced by bronchoalveolar lavag…

Time FactorsRespiratory rateSwinePilot ProjectsLung injuryCritical Care and Intensive Care MedicinePositive-Pressure RespirationRandom AllocationRespiratory Ratevarying shunt fractionsAnimalsMedicineddc:610porcine modelcyclic alveolar recruitmentbusiness.industryResearchLung Injuryrespiratory systemrespiratory- dependent paO 2 oscillationsrespiratory tract diseasesPulmonary AlveoliDisease Models Animalacute lung injuryAnesthesiaHigh temporal resolutionIncreased respiratory ratebusinesscirculatory and respiratory physiologyCritical Care
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