Search results for "sperimentale"

showing 10 items of 938 documents

A search for quarks in the CERN SPS neutrino beam

1978

Quarks and leptons are the only pointlike particles known so far. However, a search for a proton-breaking mechanism in high-energy neutrino-nucleon interactions had never been performed. We present here the results of the first experiment in this field.

QuarkPhysicsParticle physicsLarge Hadron ColliderField (physics)Settore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleNuclear TheoryHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyElementary particleNeutrino beamParticle detectorGluonNuclear physicsFree quark searchElementary Particles SPS CERNHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentNuclear ExperimentParticle Physics - ExperimentLeptonIl Nuovo Cimento A
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Search for Down-Type Fourth Generation Quarks with the ATLAS Detector in Events with One Lepton and Hadronically Decaying W Bosons

2012

This Letter presents a search for pair production of heavy down-type quarks decaying via b′→Wt in the lepton+jets channel, as b′¯b′→W−tW+¯t→b¯bW+W−W+W−→l±νb¯bq¯qq¯qq¯q. In addition to requiring exactly one lepton, large missing transverse momentum, and at least six jets, the invariant mass of nearby jet pairs is used to identify high transverse momentum W bosons. In data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.04  fb−1 from pp collisions at √s=7  TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector, a heavy down-type quark with mass less than 480 GeV can be excluded at the 95% confidence level.

QuarkTop quarkParticle physicsFOURTH GENERATIONCiências Naturais::Ciências FísicasAtlas detectorAtlas detectorAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena:Ciências Físicas [Ciências Naturais]FOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and Astronomyddc:500.253001 natural sciencesHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentquarksNuclear physicsHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)0103 physical sciencesddc:550Fourth generationInvariant mass010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentDetectors de radiacióBosonPhysicsScience & Technology010308 nuclear & particles physicsATLAS DetectorSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyFísicaTop quarkPair productionHADRON-HADRON COLLISIONSExperimental High Energy PhysicsComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSINGHadronic collidersFísica nuclearHigh Energy Physics::Experimentheavy down-type quarks; quarkParticle Physics - ExperimentLepton
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Measurement of the top quark-pair production cross section with ATLAS in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7$  TeV

2011

A measurement of the production cross-section for top quark pairs($\ttbar$) in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7 \TeV$ is presented using data recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. Events are selected in two different topologies: single lepton (electron $e$ or muon $\mu$) with large missing transverse energy and at least four jets, and dilepton ($ee$, $\mu\mu$ or $e\mu$) with large missing transverse energy and at least two jets. In a data sample of 2.9 pb-1, 37 candidate events are observed in the single-lepton topology and 9 events in the dilepton topology. The corresponding expected backgrounds from non-$\ttbar$ Standard Model processes are estimated using data-driv…

QuarkTop quarkParticle physicsleptonsleptonPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Physics::Instrumentation and DetectorsAtlas detector:Ciências Físicas [Ciências Naturais]Hadronddc:500.2TOP QUARK01 natural sciences7. Clean energydileptonHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentquarksNuclear physicspp collisionNaturvetenskap0103 physical sciences[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]ddc:530High Energy PhysicsNuclear Experiment010306 general physicsEngineering (miscellaneous)Ciencias ExactasPhysicsScience & TechnologyLarge Hadron ColliderATLAS detectorATLAS detector; LHC; pp collisions; leptons; quarks010308 nuclear & particles physicsAtlas (topology)Settore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyFísicaATLASPair productionHadronic Collisionsproton-proton collisionsFísica nuclearHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentLHCNatural Sciencespp collisionsParticle Physics - ExperimentLeptonThe European Physical Journal C
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The Role of Site-Specific Hydrogen Bonding Interactions in the Solvation Dynamics of N-Acetyltryptophanamide

2012

Measurements of the ultrafast broadband UV fluorescence of N-acetyltryptophanamide (NATA) provide detailed information on its relaxation patterns in three different solvents: methanol (MeOH), water and acetonitrile (ACN). Several processes leading to excited state solvation and cooling are found to occur on different characteristic time scales and are thoroughly analyzed. Comparison between protic MeOH and aprotic ACN allows one to single out a 12 Ps component in the former, which is attributed to the rearrangement of H-bonds existing between the protic solvent and excited NATA. This significantly stabilizes the excited state and provides the molecule with an efficient cooling mechanism. Th…

Quenching (fluorescence)ChemistryHydrogen bondFluorescence up-conversionSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleTryptophanSolvationQuantum yieldhydrogen bondingPhotochemistrySurfaces Coatings and Filmschemistry.chemical_compoundExcited stateMaterials ChemistryMoleculesolvationPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAcetonitrileProtic solventThe Journal of Physical Chemistry B
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Technical design report for the upgrade of the ALICE inner tracking system

2014

ALICE (A Large Ion Collider Experiment) is studying the physics of strongly interacting matter, and in particular the properties of the Quark–Gluon Plasma (QGP), using proton–proton, proton–nucleus and nucleus–nucleus collisions at the CERN LHC (Large Hadron Collider). The ALICE Collaboration is preparing a major upgrade of the experimental apparatus, planned for installation in the second long LHC shutdown in the years 2018–2019. A key element of the ALICE upgrade is the construction of a new, ultra-light, high- resolution Inner Tracking System (ITS) based on monolithic CMOS pixel detectors. The primary focus of the ITS upgrade is on improving the performance for detection of heavy-flavour…

ROOT-S=2.76 TEV; PP COLLISIONS; DETECTORS; RECONSTRUCTION; ELECTRONICS; SILICON; PHYSICS; MODELPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsNuclear TheoryNuclear and High Energy Physics;Tracking (particle physics)01 natural sciences7. Clean energydecaylaw.inventionUpgradeALICElawLHC; ALICE; Inner Tracking SystemNuclear ExperimentGeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.dictionariesencyclopediasglossaries)ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSPhysicsLarge Hadron ColliderDetectorSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleTracking systemPRIRODNE ZNANOSTI. Fizika.UpgradeLHCParticle physicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsALICE Inner Tracking SystemROOT-S=2.76 TEV; pp collisions; DETECTORS; RECONSTRUCTION; ELECTRONICS; SILICON; PHYSICS; MODEL; decay[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]Dot pitchPHYSICSELECTRONICS0103 physical sciencesDETECTORSRECONSTRUCTIONCMOS pixel sensors010306 general physicsColliderROOT-S=2.76 TEVSILICONPP COLLISIONSPixel010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryALICE experimentInner Tracking SystemTechnical Design ReportNATURAL SCIENCES. Physics.MODELDetector upgradeTechnical Design Report; Upgrade; ALICE Inner Tracking SystemHigh Energy Physics::Experimentbusiness
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centers induced by γ irradiation in sol–gel synthesized oxygen deficient amorphous silicon dioxide

2007

The effects of room temperature γ-ray irradiation up to a dose of ∼1300 kGy are investigated by Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurements in amorphous silicon dioxide (a-SiO2) produced by a sol-gel synthesis method that introduces O{triple bond, long}Si{single bond}Si{triple bond, long}O oxygen deficiency. We have found that exposure to radiation generates the Eγ′ center with the same spectral features found in high purity commercial a-SiO2. The maximum concentration of defects induced in this sol-gel material indicates that its resistance to radiation is comparable to that of synthetic fused a-SiO2. The concentration of Eγ′ center increases with irradiation, featuring a sublinear …

RadiationOxygen deficientSettore ING-IND/20 - Misure E Strumentazione NucleariChemistrySettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleSilicaRadiationCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionSilica Radiation Electron spin resonance Sol–gel aerogel and solution chemistry DefectsChemical bondlawAmorphous silicon dioxideElectron spin resonanceMaterials ChemistryCeramics and CompositesPhysical chemistryDefectsIrradiationElectron paramagnetic resonanceSol–gel aerogel and solution chemistrySaturation (magnetic)Sol-gelNuclear chemistryJournal of Non-Crystalline Solids
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Mechanically stable metal layers for ohmic and blocking contacts on CdZnTe detectors by electroless deposition

2015

CdZnTe detectors are commonly exploited for the detection of gamma rays. However, obtaining mechanical stable, low noise contacts on CdZnTe is still an issue. In particular, ohmic contacts would be preferable for high flux applications. In this work, we show that it is possible to obtain mechanical stable gold contacts by electroless deposition in methanol solution. Moreover, we show that electroless deposited nickel contacts are also mechanical stable and are good candidates for the realization of ohmic contacts on high resistivity CdZnTe crystals.

Radiology Nuclear Medicine and ImagingMaterials scienceContactschemistry.chemical_elementElectroless depositionCrystalsMetalNickelOhmic contactAnodesInstrumentationNuclear and High Energy Physicbusiness.industryBlocking (radio)MethanolMetallurgyDetectorSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleDetectorsSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)AnodeLow noiseNickelchemistryvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumOptoelectronicsGoldbusiness
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Charge carrier transport mechanisms in CdZnTe detectors grown by the vertical Bridgman technique

2016

In this work, we report on the results of electrical characterization of CdZnTe (CZT) detectors, with gold electroless contacts, grown by the boron oxide encapsulated vertical Bridgman technique (B-VB), currently produced at IMEM-CNR (Parma, Italy). The detectors, with different thicknesses (1 and 2.5 mm), have the same electrode layout: the anode is a central electrode (2 x 2 mm(2)) surrounded by a guard ring electrode. The cathode is a planar electrode covering the detector surface (4.1 x 4.1 mm(2)). Current-voltage (I-V) characteristics were measured at different temperatures in order to study the charge transport and the electrical properties. These detectors were compared with the trav…

Radiology Nuclear Medicine and ImagingMaterials sciencebusiness.industryDetectorSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleBiasingCathodePhoton countingSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)Anodelaw.inventionDetectors; Crystals; Conductivity; Temperature measurement; Leakage currents; Surface treatment; TemperaturelawElectrodeOptoelectronicsCharge carrierbusinessInstrumentationVoltageNuclear and High Energy Physic
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Digital CZT detector system for high flux energy-resolved X-ray imaging

2017

Photon counting arrays with energy resolving capabilities are recently desired for the next-generation X-ray imaging systems. In this work, we present the performance of a 2 mm thick CZT pixel detector, with pixel pitches of 500 mu m and 250 mu m, coupled to a fast and low noise ASIC (PIXIE ASIC), characterized by only the preamplifier stage. A 16-channel digital readout electronics was used to continuously digitize and process each output channel from the PIXIE ASIC, performing multi-parameter analysis (event arrival time, pulse shape, pulse height) at low and high input counting rates (ICRs). The spectroscopic response of the system to monochromatic X-ray and gamma ray sources, at both lo…

Radiology Nuclear Medicine and ImagingPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsPreamplifier01 natural sciences030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingCharge sharing03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineOptics0103 physical sciencesInstrumentationNuclear and High Energy PhysicPhysicsPixel010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryDetectorSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleGamma raySMALL PIXEL; CDTE; PERFORMANCE; RESOLUTION; PROGRESS; CTPhoton countingSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)Electronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsPixieMonochromatic colorbusiness
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Variability of the Si-O-Si angle in amorphous-SiO2 probed by electron paramagnetic resonance and Raman spectroscopy

2009

We report an experimental investigation by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and Raman spectroscopy on a variety of amorphous silicon dioxide materials. Our study by EPR have permitted us to point out that the splitting of the primary hyperfine doublet of the Eγ′ center shows a relevant sample-to-sample variability, changing from ∼41.8 to ∼42.6 mT in the set of materials we considered. The parallel study by Raman spectroscopy has enabled us to state that this variability is attributable to the different Si-O-Si angle characterizing the matrices of the different materials. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Raman scatteringMaterials Chemistry2506 Metals and AlloysAnalytical chemistryRadiation effectCeramics and CompositeCondensed Matter Physiclaw.inventionsymbols.namesakelawElectron spin resonanceMaterials Chemistryamorphous silica structureCoherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopyElectron paramagnetic resonanceHyperfine structureRadiationChemistryElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleSilicaCondensed Matter PhysicsRaman scattering Microwave Radiation effects Magnetic properties Raman spectroscopy Silica Radiation Electron spin resonance DefectsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsAmorphous solidMolecular geometryRaman spectroscopyCeramics and CompositessymbolsMagnetic propertieDefectRaman spectroscopyMicrowaveRaman scatteringMicrowave
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