Search results for "spice"

Magnetic domain-wall racetrack memory for high density and fast data storage

2012

The racetrack memory device is a new concept of Magnetic RAM (MRAM) based on controlling domain wall (DW) motion in ferromagnetic nanowires. It promises ultra-high storage density thanks to the possibility to store multiple narrow DWS per memory cell. By using read and write heads based on magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJ) with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) fast data access speed can also be achieved. Thereby the racetrack memory can be used as universal storage to address both embedded and standalone applications. In this paper, we present the device physics, integration circuit and architecture designs of a racetrack memory based on MTJs with PMA. Mixed SPICE simulations at 65 nm …

Stochastic model of memristor based on the length of conductive region

2021

Abstract We propose a stochastic model of a voltage controlled bipolar memristive system, which includes the properties of widely used dynamic SPICE models and takes into account the fluctuations inherent in memristors. The proposed model is described by rather simple equations of Brownian diffusion, does not require significant computational resources for numerical modeling, and allows obtaining the exact analytical solutions in some cases. The noise-induced transient bimodality phenomenon, arising under resistive switching, was revealed and investigated theoretically and experimentally in a memristive system, by finding a quite good qualitatively agreement between theory and experiment. B…

A Compact SPICE Model for Organic TFTs and Applications to Logic Circuit Design

2016

This work introduces a compact DC model developed for organic thin film transistors (OTFTs) and its SPICE implementation. The model relies on a modified version of the gradual channel approximation that takes into account the contact effects, occurring at nonohmic metal/organic semiconductor junctions, modeling them as reverse biased Schottky diodes. The model also comprises channel length modulation and scalability of drain current with respect to channel length. To show the suitability of the model, we used it to design an inverter and a ring oscillator circuit. Furthermore, an experimental validation of the OTFTs has been done at the level of the single device as well as with a discrete-…

Realistic model of compact VLSI FitzHugh–Nagumo oscillators

2013

In this article, we present a compact analogue VLSI implementation of the FitzHugh–Nagumo neuron model, intended to model large-scale, biologically plausible, oscillator networks. As the model requires a series resistor and a parallel capacitor with the inductor, which is the most complex part of the design, it is possible to greatly simplify the active inductor implementation compared to other implementations of this device as typically found in filters by allowing appreciable, but well modelled, nonidealities. We model and obtain the parameters of the inductor nonideal model as an inductance in series with a parasitic resistor and a second order low-pass filter with a large cut-off freque…

Ultrasound as a Promising Tool for the Green Extraction of Specialized Metabolites from Some Culinary Spices

2021

Spices are a popular food of plant origin, rich in various phytochemicals and recognized for their numerous properties. The aim of the study was to evaluate the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity, as well as the content of specialized metabolites, of aqueous extracts of three spice species––garlic (Allium sativum L.), ginger (Zingiber officinalle L.) and turmeric (Curcuma longa L.)––prepared by green extraction methods. Ultrasound treatment increased the chromaticity parameter b value of turmeric and ginger extracts, thus indicating a higher yellow color predominantly due to curcuminoids characteristic of these species. Ultrasound-assisted extraction significantly increased the content …

Cytotoxicity and modes of action of four Cameroonian dietary spices ethno-medically used to treat cancers: Echinops giganteus, Xylopia aethiopica, Im…

2013

Abstract Ethnopharmacological relevance. Echinops giganteus , Imperata cylindrica , Piper capense and Xylopia aethiopica are four medicinal spices used in Cameroon to treat cancers. Aim of the study The above plants previously displayed cytotoxicty against leukemia CCRF-CEM and CEM/ADR5000 cell lines as well as human pancreatic MiaPaCa-2 cells. The present study aims at emphasizing the study of the cytotoxicity and the modes of action of the above plants on a panel of ten cancer cell lines including various sensitive and drug-resistant phenotypes. The study has been extended to the isolation of the bioactive constituents from Echinops giganteus . Materials and methods The cytotoxicity of th…

Językowo-kulturowy obraz kulinariów w paremiach śląskich

2017

Food, as one of the most important components of human existence, in addition to its primary function associated with satisfying hunger, is also an element of culture. Specific beliefs, culinary habits, and even superstitious magical practices were created around this issue over the centuries. Food and its names are also an essential element of language, as evidenced by numerous linguistic studies devoted to this part of Polish vocabulary. The aim of this paper is to present and discuss selected Silesian maxims that include words belonging to the culinary category, understood as ready meals, which are a product of culinary arts, or as everything that is connected with preparing and cooking …

It is a matter of life and death : about the worlds of hospice volunteers

1998

An Italian survey on the attitudes in treating breakthrough cancer pain in hospice.

2010

As recognition and treatment of breakthrough cancer pain (BcP) depend on the education and knowledge of palliative care physicians, it is important to systematically explore the attitudes of palliative care physicians in hospices or palliative care units. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge and attitudes of hospice physicians in Italy regarding BcP and its treatment. All hospices existing in Italy were interviewed to gather information about provision of BP medication, drugs of choice, preferred route of administration, methods to choose the dose, and choice of BcP medication based on opioid administered for background analgesia. Of 158 hospices registered, 122 centers agreed …

“Song of Life”: Results of a multicenter randomized trial on the effects of biographical music therapy in palliative care

2021

Background: Awareness for the importance of psychological and spiritual needs in patients with terminal diseases has increased in recent years, but randomized trials on the effects of psychosocial interventions are still rare. Aim: To investigate the efficacy of the “Song of Life” music therapy intervention regarding the emotional and psycho-spiritual dimensions of quality of life. Design: Patients were randomly assigned to either “Song of Life” or a relaxation intervention. “Song of Life” is a novel three-session music therapy intervention working with a biographically meaningful song. Primary outcome was the improvement in psychological quality of life. Secondary outcomes included spiritu…