Search results for "steatosis"

Development and characterization of an experimental model of diet-induced metabolic syndrome in rabbit

2017

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has become one of the main concerns for public health because of its link to cardiovascular disease. Murine models have been used to study the effect of MetS on the cardiovascular system, but they have limitations for studying cardiac electrophysiology. In contrast, the rabbit cardiac electrophysiology is similar to human, but a detailed characterization of the different components of MetS in this animal is still needed. Our objective was to develop and characterize a diet-induced experimental model of MetS that allows the study of cardiovascular remodeling and arrhythmogenesis. Male NZW rabbits were assigned to control (n = 15) or MetS group (n = 16), fed during 2…

Upregulation of liver VLDL receptor and FAT/CD36 expressions in LDLR-/- apoB100/100 mice fed trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid

2006

International audience; This study explores the mechanisms responsible for the fatty liver setup in mice fed trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (t10c12 CLA), hypothesizing that an induction of low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) expression is associated with lipid accumulation. To this end, the effects of t10c12 CLA treatment on lipid parameters, serum lipoproteins, and expression of liver lipid receptors were measured in LDLR(-/-) apoB(100/100) mice as a model of human familial hypercholesterolemia itself depleted of LDLR. Mice were fed t10c12 CLA over 2 or 4 weeks. We first observed that the treatment induced liver steatosis, even in the absence of LDLR. Mice treated for 2 weeks…

TyG index, HOMA score and viral load in patients with chronic hepatitis C due to genotype 1.

2011

Summary.  The triglycerides × glucose (TyG) index is a recently proposed surrogate marker of insulin resistance (IR), calculated from fasting plasma triglyceride and glucose concentrations. We tested the host and viral factors associated with Tyg and homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) scores, comparing their associations with histological features and with sustained virological response (SVR) in patients with genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C(G1CHC). Three hundred and forty consecutive patients with G1CHC were considered. All had a liver biopsy scored by one pathologist for staging and grading (Scheuer), and graded for steatosis, which was considered moderate–severe if ≥30%. Anthropometric an…

Carotid atherosclerosis and chronic hepatitis C: A prospective study of risk associations

2011

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: There are contrasting results in studies of cardiovascular risk in patients with genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C (G1 CHC). We evaluated the prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis compared with a control population in order to assess the potential association between atherosclerosis, host and viral factors, and liver histological features. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred seventy-four consecutive biopsy-proven G1 CHC patients were evaluated by anthropometric and metabolic measurements. One hundred seventy-four patients attending an outpatient cardiology unit were used as controls. Intima-media thickness (IMT) and carotid plaques, defined as focal thickening of > 1.3 mm a…

Is there a link between liver steatosis, carotid atherosclerosis and C-reactive protein in metabolic and non-metabolic patients?

2008

High-content imaging technology for the evaluation of drug-induced steatosis using a multiparametric cell-based assay.

2012

In the present study, we developed a cell-based protocol for the identification of drugs able to induce steatosis. The assay measures multiple markers of toxicity in a 96-well plate format using high-content screening (HCS) technology. After treating HepG2 cells with increasing concentrations of the tested compounds, toxicity parameters were analyzed using fluorescent probes: BODIPY493/503 (lipid content), 2',7'-dihydrodichlorofluorescein diacetate (reactive oxygen species [ROS] generation), tetramethyl rhodamine methyl ester (mitochondrial membrane potential), propidium iodide (cell viability), and Hoechst 33342 (nuclei staining). A total of 16 drugs previously reported to induce liver ste…

Chemotherapy and Hepatic Steatosis: Impact on Postoperative Morbidity and Survival after Liver Resection for Colorectal Liver Metastases

2020

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Hepatic steatosis and chemotherapy in the treatment of colorectal liver metastases (CLM) are often linked to increased mortality and morbidity after liver resection. This study evaluates the influence of macrovesicular hepatic steatosis and chemotherapeutic regimes on graded morbidity and mortality after liver resection for CLM. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A total of 323 cases of liver resection for CLM were retrospectively analysed using univariable and multivariable linear, ordinal and Cox regression analyses. The resected liver tissue was re-evaluated by a single observer to determine the grade and type of hepatic steat…

Cellular cytotoxicity against autologous hepatocytes in alcoholic liver disease.

2008

We tested lymphocyte cytotoxicity against autologous hepatocytes in patients with alcoholic liver disease (ALD). The following cytotoxicity values were found (mean +/- SEM): alcohol-induced steatosis with or without fibrosis 16.5 +/- 2% (n = 29), alcoholic cirrhosis 28 +/- 4% (n = 13), controls with normal liver histology or minimal changes 6 +/- 2% (n = 11). The differences were statistically significant (both forms of ALD versus controls p less than 0.005). T-cell as well as non-T-cell-enriched lymphocyte fractions showed increased cytotoxicity in ALD. We did not observe a correlation between cellular cytotoxicity and the degree of biochemical or histological alterations within the groups…

Adipokines and Endotoxemia Correlate with Hepatic Steatosis in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)

2020

(1) Background: The etiology of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is multifactorial. Dietary composition has been implicated as a factor modulating intestinal barrier and could affect disease severity. The aim of this study was to evaluate dietary intake and markers of intestinal permeability in patients with NAFLD. (2) Methods: We enrolled 63 patients with NAFLD and compared them to age-matched controls. (3) Results: body mass index (BMI) and leptin to adiponectin ratio&mdash

Antioxidant Therapy and Drugs Interfering with Lipid Metabolism: Could They Be Effective in NAFLD Patients?

2013

This review is part of a special issue dealing with various aspects of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). We will focus on promising treatments of NASH with antioxidants and drugs that interfere with lipid metabolism.The other therapies of interest, such as diet, behavioral changes, and insulin sensitizers are presented elsewhere. Oxidative stress is believed to play a key role in the pathogenesis of NASH and other liver diseases. Antioxidants aimed at improving chronic alcoholic or viral liver diseases have been an object of study for some time. However, only a few high quality, randomized, versus placebo-controlled, double-blinded trials hav…