Search results for "stoichiometry"

showing 10 items of 270 documents

Dual stereocontrolled alkylation of aldehydes with polystyrene-supported nickel complexes derived from α-amino amides

2015

Nickel(II) complexes derived from α-amino amide ligands anchored to gel-type and monolithic polymers act as efficient catalysts for the enantioselective addition of dialkylzinc reagents to aldehydes. Similar to the analogous homogeneous systems, dual stereocontrol in addition products can be achieved by controlling the stoichiometry of the immobilized nickel complex. Aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes were alkylated in good yields with enantioselectivities comparable to those obtained with the homogeneous analogues. These polymer-supported catalysts offer significant advantages as no metal leaching is observed and they can be easily recovered from the reaction mixture by simple filtration and…

inorganic chemicalsAldehydesCatalystsGeneral Chemical EngineeringPolymer supported catalystsEnantioselective synthesischemistry.chemical_elementEnantioselectivityGeneral ChemistryAlkylationAmidesCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundNickelchemistryCatàlisiNickelAmideReagentOrganic chemistryPolystyreneQuímica orgànicaStoichiometry
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Chiral cyclohexane based fluorescent chemosensors for enantiomeric discrimination of aspartate

2008

Some new chiral cyclohexyl based fluorescent anion receptors have been synthesized and their absolute configuration has been determined by using circular dichroism (CD). Complexation experiments have been carried out with several dicarboxylates, and stoichiometries and complexation constants for the corresponding complexes have been determined. The chiral discrimination ability of these ligands for chiral dicarboxylates has been studied and the best results have been obtained with TMA aspartate.

inorganic chemicalsCircular dichroismCyclohexaneChemistryStereochemistryorganic chemicalsOrganic ChemistryAbsolute configurationBiochemistryFluorescenceIonCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundDrug Discoveryhealth occupationspolycyclic compoundsheterocyclic compoundsEnantiomerStoichiometryTetrahedron
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Hyperstoichiometric interaction between silver and mercury at the nanoscale.

2012

Breaking through the stoichiometry barrier: As the diameter of silver particles is decreased below a critical size of 32?nm, the molar ratio of aqueous HgII to Ag0 drastically increases beyond the conventional Hg/Ag ratio of 0.5:1, leading to hyperstoichiometry with a maximum ratio of 1.125:1 (see figure). Therein, around 99?% of the initial silver is retained to rapidly form a solid amalgam with reduced mercury.

mercuryAnalytical chemistryNanoparticlechemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesRedoxCatalysisMolar ratioredox chemistryOrganic chemistrysilverSILICANanoscopic scaleSilver particlesComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSAqueous solutionGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCOLLOIDSCommunications0104 chemical sciencesMercury (element)REDUCTIONhyperstoichiometrychemistrynanoparticles0210 nano-technologyStoichiometryAngewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)
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Apolar versus polar solvents: a comparison of the strength of some organic acids against different bases in toluene and in water

2010

The constants of ion-pair formation with 3-nitroaniline (3NO(2)A) for eight halogenoacetic acids (HAAs, 3a-h: TFA, TCA, TBA, DFA, DCA, DBA, MCA, and MBA), and five 2,2-dichloroalkanoic acids containing 3-8 carbon atoms (HAs, 5a-e: DCPA, DCBA, DCMBA, DCVA, and DCOA) have been determined in TOL at 298.1 K. The results obtained brought to evidence for HAAs the formation of ion-pairs with two different stoichiometries (base-acid, 1:1 or 1:2), while in contrast the HAs furnish only the 1:1 pairs. The different steric and electronic requirements of HAAs and HAs seem to be responsible for such an unlikely behavior. At the same time, the acid-catalyzed MRH of the (Z)-phenylhydrazone of 5-amino-3-be…

nitroanilinechemistry.chemical_classificationSteric effectsBase (chemistry)reazione di Boulton-Katritzskyacidi dicloroalcanoicichemistry.chemical_elementSettore CHIM/06 - Chimica Organicaacidi alogenoaceticiMedicinal chemistryTolueneMRH kinetic ion pairschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryUreaPolarOrganic chemistryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryCarbonreazione di Boulton-Katritzsky; nitroaniline; acidi alogenoacetici; acidi dicloroalcanoiciStoichiometry
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Structural and optical characterization of ZnS ultrathin films prepared by low-temperature ALD from diethylzinc and 1.5-pentanedithiol after various …

2019

The structural and optical evolution of the ZnS thin films prepared by atomic layer deposition (ALD) from the diethylzinc (DEZ) and 1,5-pentanedithiol (PDT) as zinc and sulfur precursors was studied. A deposited ZnS layer (of about 60 nm) is amorphous, with a significant S excess. After annealing, the stoichiometry improved for annealing temperatures &ge

optical propertiesMaterials scienceAnnealing (metallurgy)Analytical chemistryEpitaxylcsh:TechnologyArticleAnnealingAtomic layer depositionatomic layer deposition (ALD)General Materials ScienceThin filmlcsh:Microscopylcsh:QC120-168.85lcsh:QH201-278.5Optical propertieslcsh:TAtmospheric temperature rangeatomikerroskasvatusAmorphous solidAtomic layer deposition (ALD)lcsh:TA1-2040lcsh:Descriptive and experimental mechanicsannealinglcsh:Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineeringCrystalliteohutkalvotlcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)lcsh:TK1-9971StoichiometryZnS thin films
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Sustainable Recycling of Insoluble Rust Waste for the Synthesis of Iron-Containing Perovskite-Type Catalysts

2019

Insoluble rust waste from the scraping of rusted iron-containing materials represents a cheap, eco-friendly, and available source of iron. LaFeO3 perovskite-type powders were successfully prepared by solution combustion synthesis using rust waste from an electricity transmission tower manufacturer. Solution combustion synthesis enabled introduction of this insoluble iron precursor directly into the final product, bypassing complex extraction procedures. Catalytic activity in the propylene oxidation of the waste-derived LaFeO3 with stoichiometric Fe/La ratio was almost identical to the commercial iron nitrate-derived LaFeO3 , thus demonstrating the viability of this recycling solution. The a…

rust wasteInsoluble rust waste LaFeO3 perovskite solution combustion synthesis propylene oxidationiron catalystsChemistryGeneral Chemical EngineeringFinal productExtraction (chemistry)General ChemistrySolution combustionRustArticleCatalysislcsh:ChemistryChemical engineeringlcsh:QD1-999Binary systemSettore CHIM/07 - Fondamenti Chimici Delle TecnologieStoichiometryPerovskite (structure)
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Unlocking mixed oxides with unprecedented stoichiometries from heterometallic metalorganic frameworks for the catalytic hydrogenation of CO 2

2021

[EN] Their complex surface chemistry and high oxygen lattice mobilities place mixed-metal oxides among the most important families of materials. Modulation of stoichiometry in mixed-metal oxides has been shown to be a very powerful tool for tuning optical and catalytic properties. However, accessing different stoichiometries is not always synthetically possible. Here, we show that the thermal decomposition of the recently reported metal-organic framework MUV-101(Fe, Ti) results in the formation of carbon-supported titanomaghemite nanoparticles with an unprecedented Fe/Ti ratio close to 2, not achievable by soft-chemistry routes. The resulting titanomaghemite phase displays outstanding catal…

titanomaghemiteMaterials scienceRWGSNanoparticle02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesReverse water-gas shiftWater-gas shift reactionMixed oxidesCatalysisTitanomaghemitePhase (matter)[CHIM.CRIS]Chemical Sciences/CristallographyPhysical and Theoretical Chemistrymixed oxidesOrganic ChemistryThermal decomposition[CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry[CHIM.CATA]Chemical Sciences/Catalysis021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesChemical engineeringChemistry (miscellaneous)reverse water-gas shiftMetal-organic framework0210 nano-technologySelectivityMOF-mediated synthesisStoichiometry
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Environmental drivers of lake profundal macroinvertebrate community variation : implications for bioassessment

2011

vesieläimistöbioassessmentecological stoichiometryvesiensuojelusyvänteetstable isotopesVesipolitiikan puitedirektiiviravinteetjärvetvesistönkuormitusWater Framework Directivepohjaeläimistöekologinen tilapredictive modellingprofundal macroinvertebrates
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Phosphorus limitation enhances parasite impact: feedback effects at the population level

2014

Background Nutrient deficiency affects the growth and population dynamics of consumers. Endoparasites can be seen as consumers that drain carbon (C) or energy from their host while simultaneously competing for limiting resources such as phosphorus (P). Depending on the relative demands of the host and the parasite for the limiting nutrient, intensified resource competition under nutrient limitation can either reduce the parasite’s effect on the host or further reduce the fitness of the nutrient-limited host. So far, knowledge of how nutrient limitation affects parasite performance at the host population level and how this affects the host populations is limited. Results We followed the popu…

zooplankton0106 biological sciencesEpidemiologymedia_common.quotation_subjectDaphnia magnaPopulationDaphnia magnaGlugoides intestinalis010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesParasite loadPopulation densityDaphniaZooplanktonCompetition (biology)Host-Parasite InteractionsEnvironmental Science(all)AnimalsTransmissionParasite hostingepidemiologiaeducationEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsGeneral Environmental Sciencemedia_common2. Zero hungerecological stoichiometryeducation.field_of_studybiologyEcologyHost (biology)010604 marine biology & hydrobiologyfungitransmissionPhosphorusbiology.organism_classificationglugoides intestinalisParasiteDaphniaEcological stoichiometryparasiteMicrosporidiaPhosphorus DietaryResearch ArticleBMC Ecology
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Does differential iron supply to algae affect Daphnia life history? : An ionome-wide study

2019

The availability of iron (Fe) varies considerably among diet items, as well as ecosystems. Availability of Fe has also changed due to anthropogenic environmental changes in oceanic as well as inland ecosystems. We know little about its role in the nutrition of ecologically important consumers, particularly in inland ecosystems. Physiological studies in several taxa indicate marked effects of dietary Fe on oogenesis. We predicted that differential Fe supply to algae will impact algal Fe concentration with consequences on the life history of the freshwater grazer, Daphnia magna. We found that algal Fe concentration increased with Fe supply, but did not affect algal growth, indicating that the…

zooplanktonecological stoichiometrynutrient limitationfungiplanktontrace metalsrautalisääntyminenreproductionravintovesikirputionomicsnutrient balance conceptravintoaineet
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