Search results for "ta515"
showing 10 items of 691 documents
Early sudden gains in an acceptance and values-based intervention: Effects on treatment outcome for depression and psychological flexibility
2018
Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to explore early temporal patterns of change in a treatment delivered by novice therapists. We examined if early sudden gains (ESGs) in a six-session acceptance and values-based intervention would produce superior treatment outcomes when compared to slower improvements. Method The temporal patterns of change of 56 clients diagnosed with depression were analyzed. ESGs were defined as reaching the status of recovered or improved in the Reliable Change Index (RCI) (Jacobson & Truax (1991)) classification after two sessions. The group with ESGs was then compared to participants without ESGs for differences in treatment outcome on measures of symptoma…
A brief Acceptance and Commitment Therapy intervention for depression : A randomized controlled trial with 3-year follow-up for the intervention group
2018
Abstract Objective This study examined the outcomes of a brief Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) intervention for depression delivered by novice therapists. Method Participants (N = 115) were randomized either to the brief (six sessions) ACT or to a waitlist control condition (WLC). Outcomes were assessed with diagnoses of depressive episodes (ICD-10) and questionnaires. Results After the 6-week intervention, diagnostic remission rates were 60% in the ACT and 22% in the control group. Further, 70% of the ACT participants were classified as either recovered or improved. The post-measurement between-group effect size for depression symptoms was large and favored the ACT group (BDI-II, d…
What happens after five years?: The long-term effects of a four-session Acceptance and Commitment Therapy delivered by student therapists for depress…
2017
Brief interventions can be viable treatment options worth consideration in addressing the growing need for treatments of subclinical and clinical depressive symptoms. However, there is uncertainty regarding the long-term benefits of these interventions. The aim was to examine the long-term (5-year) effects of a 4-session Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) intervention for low mood delivered by novice therapists in order to see whether lasting effects could be achieved cost-effectively with four intervention sessions. Originally, 57 self-referred clients were randomized into two groups: an intervention group and a waiting-list control group which received treatment later. The groups wer…
School burnout, depressive symptoms and engagement : Their combined effect on student achievement
2017
Abstract Prior studies have shown that student burnout becomes more prevalent during adolescence and is associated with both depressive symptoms and school engagement. Little is known about how burnout, engagement, and depressive symptoms jointly affect students’ school achievement in terms of grades and skipping class. The main purpose of the current study was to analyse these variables within a full model in order to examine the direct and indirect effects of burnout, engagement and depression on student achievement, while controlling for gender and age. Participants were 210 Italian high school students aged 14 to 16. Student burnout was found to exert the strongest effect on school achi…
Brain responses to sound intensity changes dissociate depressed participants and healthy controls.
2017
Depression is associated with bias in emotional information processing, but less is known about the processing of neutral sensory stimuli. Of particular interest is processing of sound intensity which is suggested to indicate central serotonergic function. We tested weather event-related brain potentials (ERPs) to occasional changes in sound intensity can dissociate first-episode depressed, recurrent depressed and healthy control participants. The first-episode depressed showed larger N1 amplitude to deviant sounds compared to recurrent depression group and control participants. In addition, both depression groups, but not the control group, showed larger N1 amplitude to deviant than standa…
Change in body image among depressed adult outpatients after a dance movement therapy group treatment
2018
Abstract This study reports on the body image of depressed psychiatric outpatients, and the impact thereon of a dance movement therapy (DMT) group. Body image is perceived as a tri-partite construct consisting of image-properties, body-self, and body memory. Depressed patients in an outpatient mental health service participated in a DMT group treatment consisting of twelve 90-min long sessions in groups of 4–7 patients. Patients (N = 18) responded to a structured Body Image Assessment (BIA) before and after the treatment. Initially, the depressed patients’ body image was characterized by fragmentation, distortions, and shallowness of body awareness. The DMT group treatment aimed to offer th…
Best friends in adolescence show similar educational careers in early adulthood
2012
The present study investigated the role of best friends in educational career development from adolescence to adulthood. Participants' (N = 476) reciprocal best friendships were identified at age 15, while their educational attainment was investigated in early adulthood (age 26), their intelligence (IQ) at age 13, and parental education, educational expectations and academic achievement at age 16. The results revealed that adolescent best friends ended up pursuing similar educational careers in adulthood. Furthermore, three kinds of partner-effects were found when adolescents' prior career behaviors were controlled for: (1) best friends' intelligence predicted adolescents' later academic pe…
Covariation between reading and arithmetic skills from grade 1 to grade 7
2017
This study examined the extent to which reading and arithmetic skills show covariation at Grade 1 and at Grade 7, to what extent this covariation is time-invariant or time-specific, and to what extent different antecedents will predict these time-invariant and time-specific portions of the covariation. The reading and arithmetic skills of a total of 1335 Finnish children were assessed at the end of Grade 1 and then again at the end of Grade 7. Phonological awareness, letter knowledge, rapid automatized naming (RAN), counting, and parental education levels were measured in kindergarten; working memory at Grade 1 and nonverbal reasoning at Grade 3. The results showed that reading and arithmet…
The role of part-time special education supporting students with reading and spelling difficulties from grade 1 to grade 2 in Finland
2017
AbstractPrevious studies show that many students with reading and spelling problems have a lack of progress in reading and spelling skills after years of special education services. The aim of the study is to evaluate the reading and spelling skills of Finnish children in grades 1 and 2 receiving part-time special education from special education teachers for reading and spelling difficulties (RSD) and for RSD with other learning difficulties. In this study, the focus is in the roles of the form and the amount of part-time special education in reading and spelling skills development. Of 152 children involved in the study, 98 received part-time special education for RSD, and 54 did not have …
The Concordance between Teachers’ and Parents’ Perceptions of School Transition Practices: A Solid Base for the Future
2015
This study focuses on parents’ and teachers’ perceptions of practices aimed at easing the transition to formal schooling (e.g., familiarization with the school, discussions about the school entrants). A total of 230 preschool teachers, 131 elementary school teachers, and 2,662 mothers and fathers filled in a questionnaire containing items on how important they considered different preschool-school transition practices. The participants considered the various transition practices to be at least somewhat important. On average, familiarization with the school was considered to be most important, whereas teacher co-operation and joint writing of curricula were considered to be least important. …