Search results for "tilat"
showing 10 items of 730 documents
LE PRESTAZIONI ENERGETICHE ED IL COMFORT AMBIENTALE DEI VOLUMI ABITATIVI CON INVOLUCRO VENTILATO: UN NUOVO PARAMETRO DI VALUTAZIONE COME INDICATORE P…
2011
Recurrent wheezing during the first 3 years of life in a birth cohort of moderate-to-late preterm infants.
2019
Background Data addressing short- and long-term respiratory morbidity in moderate-late preterm infants are limited. We aim to determine the incidence of recurrent wheezing and associated risk and protective factors in these infants during the first 3 years of life. Methods Prospective, multicenter birth cohort study of infants born at 32+0 to 35+0 weeks' gestation and followed for 3 years to assess the incidence of physician-diagnosed recurrent wheezing. Allergen sensitization and pulmonary function were also studied. We used multivariate mixed-effects models to identify risk factors associated with recurrent wheezing. Results A total of 977 preterm infants were enrolled. Rates of recurrent…
Spatial and temporal heterogeneity of ventilator-associated lung injury after surfactant depletion.
2008
Volutrauma and atelectrauma have been proposed as mechanisms of ventilator-associated lung injury, but few studies have compared their relative importance in mediating lung injury. The objective of our study was to compare the injury produced by stretch (volutrauma) vs. cyclical recruitment (atelectrauma) after surfactant depletion. In saline-lavaged rabbits, we used high tidal volume, low respiratory rate, and low positive end-expiratory pressure to produce stretch injury in nondependent lung regions and cyclical recruitment in dependent lung regions. Tidal changes in shunt fraction were assessed by measuring arterial Po2 oscillations. After ventilating for times ranging from 0 to 6 h, lu…
Noninvasive respiratory support in the hypoxaemic peri-operative/periprocedural patient: A joint ESA/ESICM guideline.
2020
Hypoxaemia is a potential life-threatening yet common complication in the peri-operative and periprocedural patient (e.g. during an invasive procedure at risk of deterioration of gas exchange, such as bronchoscopy). The European Society of Anaesthesiology (ESA) and the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine (ESICM) developed guidelines for the use of noninvasive respiratory support techniques in the hypoxaemic patient in the peri-operative and periprocedural period. The panel outlined five clinical questions regarding treatment with noninvasive respiratory support techniques [conventional oxygen therapy (COT), high flow nasal cannula, noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) a…
Noninvasive Ventilation in the Perioperative Period
2019
High-flow nasal therapy (HFNT), as well as noninvasive ventilation (NIV), represents both noninvasive supports. HFNT is a ventilator support where humidified and heated gases are administered to the patient’s airways by a small nasal cannula at flow that reach up to 60 L/min. The delivered flow can be combined with oxygen providing different inspiratory oxygen fractions (FiO2). HFNT is increasingly used for critically ill adult patients in different clinical settings. Differently from noninvasive ventilation (NIV) which is intended to deliver intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) or continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) to the patient’s airway via different external interf…
A System of <m:math display='block'><m:mrow><m:mi>P</m:mi><m:msub><m:mi>a</m:mi><m:mrow><m:msub>…
1976
A newly developed system of \(P{a_{{O_2}}}\)-controlled automatic ventilation is reported on. \({P_{{O_2}}}\) microelectrodes (Beckman, IBC) are used to measure arterial \({P_{{O_2}}}\) continuously. In a feedback control system the inspiratory O2 concentration of a respirator is adjusted as long as the set point and actual value of the arterial \({P_{{O_2}}}\) correspond. The functional behavior of the feedback control system is described.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Computational Fluid Dynamics of High Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation (HFOV)
2011
In order to better understand the mechanisms of gas transport during High Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation (HFOV) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) with contrast gases and numerical flow simulations based on Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD) methods are performed.
Subsecond fluorine-19 MRI of the lung
2006
Minimal scan times in rapid fluorine-19 MRI using sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) have been on the order of 10 s. Because of the very short T1 relaxation time of SF6 (T1 = 1.65 ms), high receiver bandwidths are necessary to allow for a high number of excitations. Since high bandwidths cause high levels of electronic noise, SNR per acquisition has been too low to further reduce scan time. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether scan times could be reduced using hexafluoroethane (C2F6), a gas with a longer T1 (T1 = 7.9 ms) at a relatively low bandwidth of 488 Hz/pixel. Gradient-echo images were acquired during and after completion of the wash-in of a 70% C2F6- 30% O2 mixture. Peak SNR …
Effects of the prolonged thoracic epidural analgesia on ventilation function and complication rate after the lung cancer surgery.
2006
Thoracic epidural analgesia has been considered to have a good anesthetic efficacy and to decrease the postoperative complication rate, while its effect upon the ventilation function is still the topic of many clinical studies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the course of early postoperative period using thoracic epidural analgesia. Material and methods. A total of 453 patients undergoing the operation due to the non–small cell carcinoma were selected and examined. Their postoperative complications and mortality rate were evaluated. In 79 patients, arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2), forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in the first second, and the efficacy of analgesia wer…
Hipoksiskā ventilatorā reakcija pieaugošas intensitātes fiziskas slodzes laikā normobāriskas hipoksijas apstākļos
2020
Darbā tika pētīts, kā akūta fiziska slodze hipoksiskos apstākļos ietekmē plaušu ventilāciju un tās raksturojošo lielumu – elpošanas frekvences un elpošanas tilpuma parametrus un gāzu maiņas efektivitāti. Pētījumā tika iekļauti 10 vīriešu slodzes testa rezultāti. Katrs dalībnieks divas reizes veica pieaugošas submaksimālas veloergometriskas slodzes testu – vienu normoksiskos (21% FiO2), bet otru – hipoksiskos (15% FiO2) apstākļos. Tika secināts, ka akūtas hipoksijas apstākļos vērojama arteriālā hipoksēmija, kas padziļinās proporcionāli fiziskās slodzes intensitātei. Slodzes laikā hipoksijā plaušu ventilācija pieauga, palielinoties elpošanas tilpumam, taču ne elpošanas frekvencei. Būtiski paa…