Search results for "toxicity."

Antioxidative component of docosahexaenoic acid in the brain in diabetes

2020

The mechanisms underlying diabetic encephalopathy are only partially understood. This chapter tries to address the mechanisms of diabetes-induced cell and tissue damage in the brain, and discusses whether docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) could attenuate the degenerative changes observed in the diabetic brain. DHA is involved in brain and retina physiological functions, aging, and neurological and behavioral illnesses. There are a large number of bioactive metabolites of DHA, namely, maresins, protectins, resolvins, electrophilic oxo-derivatives, epoxides, neuroprostanes, neuroketals, and different DHA conjugates. Among them stands out Neuroprotectin D1 (NPD1), the first identified stereoselective…

Bisphenol A (BPA) and atrazine inhibit the embryonic development ofCiona intestinalis(Ascidiacea, Urochordata)

2013

The toxicities of bisphenol A (BPA) and atrazine in Ciona intestinalis development were examined in two separate series of experiments. The fertilized eggs were exposed to BPA or atrazine at concen...

Bis(hydroxyphenyl)methane-bisphenol F-metabolism by the HepG2 human hepatoma cell line and cryopreserved human hepatocytes

2011

author cannot archive publisher's version/PDF; International audience; Bisphenol F (BPF) is present in the environment and as a contaminant of food. Humans may, therefore, be exposed to BPF, and an assessment of this risk is required. BPF has been shown to have genotoxic and endocrine-disruptor properties in a human hepatoma cell line (HepG2), which is a model system for studies of xenobiotic toxicity. In this study, we investigated the ability of HepG2 cells to biotransform BPF, because metabolism may affect the observed effects of BPF, and we compared this metabolic capacity with that of human hepatocytes. Cells were incubated for 24 hours with [(3)H]-BPF. The culture medium was then conc…

MULTI-ISTITUTIONAL CONTROLLED STUDIES DO NO REFLECT THE PATIENT’S COMPLIANCE TO BCG ENCOUNTERED IN CLINICAL PRACTICE. RESULTS ON 411 PATIENTS

2015

Can we ameliorate the compliance to intravesical bcg maintenance? Analysis of the causes of treatment interruption in 160 consecutive patients.

2013

The effects of alpha-cypermethrin exposure on biochemical and redox parameters in pregnant rats and their newborns

2016

IF 2.388; International audience; Pyrethroid insecticides are extensively used in agriculture and in household activities. During pregnancy, they might affect maternal metabolic status and there after fetal development. In this work, we studied metabolic and redox effects of low dose alpha-cypermethrin exposure in pregnant rats and their offspring. The diet containing alpha cypermethrin at 0.02 mg/kg/day was consumed during the entire gestation. Plasma biochemical parameters as well as liver lipid and oxidative stress markers were determined. Our results showed that alpha-cypermethrin induced an increase in body weight and in plasma glucose and lipid levels, as well as in plasma aspartate a…

Sublethal Effects of an Organophosphate Insecticide on the European Eel,Anguilla anguilla

1997

The present communication deals with the effects of fenitrothion (0.02 mg/liter) on the energy metabolism of the European eel, Anguilla anguilla, and its recovery from intoxication. Various parameters such as glycogen, lactate, proteins, and glucose levels were measured in different eel tissues after 2, 8, 12, 24, 32, 48, 56, 72, and 96 hr of fenitrothion exposure. Subsequently, the fish were allowed recovery periods of 8, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96, 144, and 192 hr in clean water, and the same parameters were evaluated. Liver glycogen content showed no significant changes during the exposure time, while blood glucose levels increased markedly. Gill, liver, and blood lactate values increased during…

Hypoglycaemic effect of Spergularia purpurea in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

2000

Single and repeated oral administration of the water extracts of Spergularia purpurea (SP) at a dose of 10 mg/kg were tested on hypoglycaemic activity in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. In normal rats, the water extract of SP decreased significantly the plasma glucose levels 4 h after single oral administration (P0.01), and one week after repeated oral administration (P0.05). A significant decrease of plasma glucose levels was observed 6 h after a single oral administration of the water extract of S. purpurea in severe hyperglycaemic rats (n=6) from 22.78+/-0.60 to 11.21+/-0.49 mmol/l (P0.001). On other hand, water extract of S. purpurea normalised plasma glucose levels aft…

Comparative study on biological effects of the guinea pig complement-peptide C3a and C3a-related synthetic oligopeptides

1980

Dose-response experiments with guinea pig C3a and a synthetic hexapeptide (amino acid residues 72–77), representing the COOH-terminal sequence of human C3a, were performed in two recently described bioassay systems for C3a, i.e. cytotoxicity against tumor cells measured as LDH and 51Cr-release and non cytolytic serotonin release from guinea pig platelets. Compared to the classical anaphylatoxic assay (guinea pig ileum contraction), nearly identical reactivities were observed in all three test systems with C3a and, although quantitatively different, with hexapeptide.

Differences in non-MHC restricted cytotoxic activities of human peripheral blood lymphocytes after transfusion with allogeneic leukocytes or platelet…

1990

Abstract MHC-unrestricted cytotoxic activity of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from 4–6 healthy donors was investigated before and after transfusion with allogeneic leukocytes or platelets. Natural killer and lectin-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (LDCC) of PBL was tested against K562 and Raji target cells in a 4-h and 16-h 51 Cr-release assay, respectively. After allotransfusion with leukocytes, we found increased cytotoxic activity of each donor's PBL against all the three targets on day 3 or 7. The highest non-specific cytotoxic activity was detected against the relatively NK resistant Raji target cells. The increase of cytotoxic activity was lowest against the LDCC target (PHA-treat…