Search results for "trace"

showing 10 items of 3218 documents

Retinol encapsulated into amorphous Ca2+ polyphosphate nanospheres acts synergistically in MC3T3-E1 cells

2015

Both the quality and quantity of collagen, the major structural component of the skin, decrease in aging skin. We succeeded to encapsulate retinol into amorphous inorganic polyphosphate (polyP) nanoparticles together with calcium ions ("aCa-polyP-NP"), under formation of amorphous Ca-polyP/retinol nanospheres ("retinol/aCa-polyP-NS"). The globular nanospheres are not cytotoxic, show an almost uniform size of ≈ 45 nm and have a retinol content of around 25%. Both components of those nanospheres, retinol and the aCa-polyP-NP, if administered together, caused a strong increase in proliferation of mouse calvaria MC3T3 cells. The expressions of collagen types I, II and III genes, but not the exp…

Chemistry PharmaceuticalRetinal bindingPharmaceutical ScienceEndocytosisCollagen Type IMiceCollagen Type IIIchemistry.chemical_compoundPolyphosphatesExtracellularAnimalsTechnology PharmaceuticalMC3T3Particle SizeVitamin ACollagen Type IICell ProliferationDrug CarriersDose-Response Relationship DrugCell growthSkullRetinolDrug Synergism3T3 CellsGeneral MedicineCalcium CompoundsEndocytosisUp-RegulationRetinol-Binding ProteinsRetinol binding proteinCollagen Type IIINanomedicineBiochemistrychemistryBiophysicsNanospheresProtein BindingBiotechnologyEuropean Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics
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Recent developments in resonance ionization mass spectrometry for ultra-trace analysis of actinide elements

2019

Abstract Resonance ionization mass spectrometry is an efficient tool to detect minute amounts of long-lived radio-isotopes in environmental samples. Applying resonant excitation and ionization with pulsed laser radiation within a hot cavity atomizer enables the sensitive detection and precise quantification of long-lived actinide isotopes. Due to the inherently element selective ionization process, this method ensures ultimate suppression of contaminations from other elements and molecules. The characterization of in-source resonance ionization of the actinide elements U, Th, Np, and Am using a compact quadrupole mass spectrometer (QMS) setup are discussed.

Chemistry010401 analytical chemistryRadiochemistryActinideMass spectrometry01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciences0103 physical sciencesResonance ionizationTrace analysisPhysics::Atomic PhysicsPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry010306 general physicsUltra traceRadiochimica Acta
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Comparison of quantum dot-binding protein tags: Affinity determination by ultracentrifugation and FRET

2013

Abstract Background Hybrid complexes of proteins and colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals (quantum dots, QDs) are of increasing interest in various fields of biochemistry and biomedicine, for instance for biolabeling or drug transport. The usefulness of protein–QD complexes for such applications is dependent on the binding specificity and strength of the components. Often the binding properties of these components are difficult and time consuming to assess. Methods In this work we characterized the interaction between recombinant light harvesting chlorophyll a / b complex (LHCII) and CdTe/CdSe/ZnS QDs by using ultracentrifugation and fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) assay exper…

ChemistryBinding proteinBiophysicsNanoparticleProtein tagBiochemistryCrystallographyB vitaminsFörster resonance energy transferQuantum dotQuantum DotsFluorescence Resonance Energy TransferNanoparticlesUltracentrifugeChlorophyll Binding ProteinsUltracentrifugationMolecular BiologyBinding selectivityProtein BindingBiochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects
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c-MYC Triggers Lipid Remodelling During Early Somatic Cell Reprogramming to Pluripotency.

2021

AbstractMetabolic rewiring and mitochondrial dynamics remodelling are hallmarks of cell reprogramming, but the roles of the reprogramming factors in these changes are not fully understood. Here we show that c-MYC induces biosynthesis of fatty acids and increases the rate of pentose phosphate pathway. Time-course profiling of fatty acids and complex lipids during cell reprogramming using lipidomics revealed a profound remodelling of the lipid content, as well as the saturation and length of their acyl chains, in a c-MYC-dependent manner. Pluripotent cells displayed abundant cardiolipins and scarce phosphatidylcholines, with a prevalence of monounsaturated acyl chains. Cells undergoing cell r…

ChemistryCell growthCèl·lulesMetabolismPentose phosphate pathwayMitochondrionCellular ReprogrammingLipidsMitochondrial DynamicsArticleCell biologyCell membranePentose Phosphate Pathwaymedicine.anatomical_structuremedicineGlycolysisCàncerReprogrammingGlycolysisIntracellularStem cell reviews and reports
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Silk fibroin scaffolds enhance cell commitment of adult rat cardiac progenitor cells

2013

The use of three-dimensional (3D) cultures may induce cardiac progenitor cells to synthesize their own extracellular matrix (ECM) and sarcomeric proteins to initiate cardiac differentiation. 3D cultures grown on synthetic scaffolds may favour the implantation and survival of stem cells for cell therapy when pharmacological therapies are not efficient in curing cardiovascular diseases and when organ transplantation remains the only treatment able to rescue the patient's life. Silk fibroin-based scaffolds may be used to increase cell affinity to biomaterials and may be chemically modified to improve cell adhesion. In the present study, porous, partially orientated and electrospun nanometric n…

ChemistryCellBiomedical EngineeringMedicine (miscellaneous)FibroinCell biologyBiomaterialsCell therapyExtracellular matrixmedicine.anatomical_structureTissue engineeringmedicineProgenitor cellStem cellCell adhesionBiomedical engineeringJournal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
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The Role of Tissue Pressure and Bulk Flow in the Formation and Resolution of Cold-Induced Edema

1976

The mechanisms responsible for the dynamics of cold-induced edema, its spread and resolution, were examined. The findings indicate that bulk flow and not diffusion should be considered as the main mechanism for the edema spreading through the extracellular spaces of the white matter.

ChemistryDiffusionResolution (electron density)Flow (psychology)Analytical chemistryWhite matterchemistry.chemical_compoundmedicine.anatomical_structureEdemamedicineBiophysicsExtracellularmedicine.symptomTissue pressureEvans Blue
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Geochemical characteristics of waters in mineralised area of Peloritani Mountains (Sicily, Italy)

2009

Abstract This paper presents the results of a study on the geochemistry of waters circulating in the mineralised area of the south-eastern sector of Mt. Peloritani (north-eastern Sicily, Italy), aimed at basic understanding of the geochemical processes influencing their chemical composition. Chemico-physical parameters and data on 26 major and minor chemical elements are reported for 103 water samples. Water chemistry is mainly dominated by dissolution of carbonates and hydrolysis of aluminosilicate minerals. Total dissolved salts (TDS) range from 80 to 1398 mg/L. All the waters exhibit E H characteristic of an oxygenated environment. Excluding two samples, which show very high H + activity…

ChemistryDolomiteCarbonate mineralsGeochemistryTrace elementWeatheringPollutionSettore GEO/08 - Geochimica E Vulcanologiachemistry.chemical_compoundmineralised area trace elements hydrogeochemistryGeochemistry and PetrologyEnvironmental ChemistryKaoliniteCarbonateClay mineralsChemical compositionApplied Geochemistry
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Brain choline has a typical precursor profile.

1998

Choline is product and precursor to both acetylcholine and membrane phospholipids, and, in the brain, is ultimately provided by the circulation. The brain is protected from excess choline and choline deprivation by a refined system of homeostatic mechanisms that maintain a level of extracellular choline that, for its role as precursor, meets saturation criteria under normal conditions. The kinetic and activity profiles of choline are typical for a biosynthetic precursor.

ChemistryGeneral NeuroscienceBrainCholine acetyltransferaseAcetylcholineCholinechemistry.chemical_compoundKineticsMembraneBiochemistryPhysiology (medical)SynapsesmedicineExtracellularCholinergicCholineAnimalsHomeostasisHumansCholinergic mechanismsAcetylcholineHomeostasisPhospholipidsmedicine.drugJournal of physiology, Paris
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A review of non-chromatographic methods for speciation analysis.

2008

This manuscript overviews relevant scientific literature concerning speciation of trace elements by using non-chromatographic methods. The main principles of the different strategies proposed in the published works and their advantages and drawbacks are discussed in order to provide to the readers an appropriate picture of the state-of the-art of fast and cheap methodologies available to obtain information about the presence of different chemical forms of trace elements in environmental, clinical and food samples. A selection of the methods proposed for the speciation of the different elements studied was also provided together with their main features.

ChemistryGenetic algorithmEnvironmental ChemistryMineralogyBiochemical engineeringScientific literatureBiochemistrySpectroscopyAnalytical ChemistryTRACE (psycholinguistics)Analytica chimica acta
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Determination of mineral and trace element concentrations in pine needles by ICP-OES: evaluation of different sample pre-treatment methods

2008

In the present study, the determination of mineral and trace elements (Al, B, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P and Zn) from pine needles using three sample pre-treatment methods followed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry, was examined. Sample pre-treatment methods tested were microwave digestion, ultrasound-assisted digestion and dry ashing. The new ultrasound-assisted digestion method was optimised by the analysis of the standard reference material (SRM) 1575a (pine needles) sample. The speed of dry ashing method was significantly increased by ultrasound dissolution after ashing. All the ICP-OES measurements were performed in robust plasma conditions which were tested…

ChemistryHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthAnalytical chemistryTrace elementSoil SciencePollutionAnalytical ChemistryDigestion (alchemy)AshingInductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopyEnvironmental ChemistryMicrowave digestionInductively coupled plasmaWaste Management and DisposalDissolutionMicrowaveWater Science and TechnologyInternational Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry
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