Search results for "transformation"
showing 10 items of 1634 documents
Mitochondrial DNA mutations in cancer--from bench to bedside.
2009
Mitochondria are cell organelles mostly known for their production of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation. As suggested over 70 years ago by O. Warburg and recently confirmed with molecular techniques, alterations in respiratory activity and mitochondrial DNA appear to be a common feature of malignant cells. Somatic mtDNA mutations have been reported in many types of cancer cells. MtDNA mutation pattern may enhance the specificity of cancer diagnostics, detection and prediction of tumor growth rate and patients' outcome. Therefore it may be used as a molecular cancer bio-marker. Nevertheless recently published papers list a large number of mitochondrial DNA mutations in many different can…
Understanding Human Cancer Using Drosophila
2003
Recessive mutations of the Drosophila gene lethal(2)-tumorous imaginal discs (l(2)tid) cause neoplastic growth of the anlagen of the adult organs, the imaginal discs. Here we report that the three proteins encoded by this evolutionarily conserved gene, Tid50, Tid47, and Tid40, identified as members of the DnaJ cochaperone family, are destined for different cellular compartments, build complexes with many proteins in a developmental stage-specific manner, and are likely to be involved in different cellular processes. We show that the cytosolic Tid47 molecule is a novel component of the Hedgehog (Hh)-Patched (Ptc) signaling regulating cell/tissue polarity and spatial patterning during develop…
Construction of a Trp commercial baker?s yeast strain by using food-safe-grade dominant drug resistance cassettes
2003
We have designed a food-safe-grade module for gene disruptions in commercial baker's yeast strains, which contains the G418 resistance cassette, KanMX4, flanked by direct repeats from the MEL1 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This module was used to obtain a Trp(-) auxotrophic mutant of the polyploid HY strain by successive targeting to the TRP1 locus and later in vivo excision of the kan(r) marker. Southern blot analysis indicated that HY contains five copies of the TRP1 gene. However, after four disruption rounds, a strain named HYtrpM(4), unable to grow in the absence of tryptophan, was selected. Southern and Northern analysis of HYtrpM(4) cells showed that a remaining functional wild-t…
A rapid method for the screening of plasmids in transformed yeast strains
1988
A method for the rapid screening of plasmids in yeast cells has been developed. The method is an adaptation of the currently used alkaline lysis methods forEscherichia coli plasmids. Following the conditions described, several dozen ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae-transformed clones can be analyzed for their plasmid content in less than 2 h. The plasmids obtained by this procedure are suitable for restriction analysis or forE. coli andS. cerevisiae transformation.
COMPARING EVOLVABILITIES: COMMON ERRORS SURROUNDING THE CALCULATION AND USE OF COEFFICIENTS OF ADDITIVE GENETIC VARIATION
2012
In 1992, David Houle showed that measures of additive genetic variation standardized by the trait mean, CVA (the coefficient of additive genetic variation) and its square (IA), are suitable measures of evolvability. CVA has been used widely to compare patterns of genetic variation. However, the use of CVAs for comparative purposes relies critically on the correct calculation of this parameter. We reviewed a sample of quantitative genetic studies, focusing on sire models, and found that 45% of studies use incorrect methods for calculating CVA and that practices that render these coefficients meaningless are frequent. This may have important consequences for conclusions drawn from comparative…
Proposal of a Genome Editing System for Genetic Resistance to Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus
2014
Viruses provoke considerable economical losses in agriculture. New molecular approaches to develop genetic resistance based on translational genomics and precision genetic modifications are highly expected. The type II Clustered, Regularly Interspaced Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) system including Cas9 nuclease represent a promising and very powerful tool to specifically modulate the expression and activity of genes involved in biotic stress responses. In this study, we describe an approach to develop a platform system based on CRISPR system for genome editing technology in tomato. Tomato is an excellent plant for this approach considering the high-quality genome sequence, the rapid life cyc…
Simultaneous Aurora-A/STK15 overexpression and centrosome amplification induce chromosomal instability in tumour cells with a MIN phenotype
2007
Abstract Background Genetic instability is a hallmark of tumours and preneoplastic lesions. The predominant form of genome instability in human cancer is chromosome instability (CIN). CIN is characterized by chromosomal aberrations, gains or losses of whole chromosomes (aneuploidy), and it is often associated with centrosome amplification. Centrosomes control cell division by forming a bipolar mitotic spindle and play an essential role in the maintenance of chromosomal stability. However, whether centrosome amplification could directly cause aneuploidy is not fully established. Also, alterations in genes required for mitotic progression could be involved in CIN. A major candidate is represe…
The Four Axes of Palermo’s Commerce: a Geographical Perspective
2021
Le dinamiche commerciali all’interno della città rappresentano un ottimo punto di osservazione per studiare i processi di trasformazione urbana. Queste dinamiche riflettono verticalità e orizzontalità dei sistemi di relazione, nonché scambi e reciprocità dei rapporti socio-economici e culturali. Da una prospettiva geografica è di grande interesse individuare permanenze e mutazioni culturali, sociali, economi- che che costituiscono il tessuto cittadino e danno forma all’attualità. Questo contributo nasce nell’ambito del Progetto di Rilevante Interesse Nazionale (PRIN) 2015 “Commercio, consumo e città: pratiche, pianificazione e governance per l’inclusione, la resilienza e la sostenibilità ur…
Improving energy efficiency of commercial buildings by Combined Heat Cooling and Power plants
2020
Abstract Commercial buildings play a key-role in the energy consumption of the building sectors. Recent statistics have shown that as the number of commercial buildings is continuously increasing, their effects on energy consumption are expected to grow. These buildings are characterized by high energy demand mainly due to lighting and HVAC requirements. Rooms of energy saving exist by considering that: (i) electricity demands and HVAC requirements occur simultaneously during the day and (ii) both demands are currently satisfied by using separate energy systems. It is apparent that the adoption of polygeneration systems could represent a valid solution to achieve energy savings. To this aim…