Search results for "upe"

showing 10 items of 7447 documents

Synthesis and antioxidant evaluation of novel silybin analogues

2006

In this work, we evaluated the antioxidant properties of the eight novel silybin analogues for their capacity to scavenge free radicals including superoxide anion radicals and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals in vitro. Compound 7d demonstrated an excellent antioxidant effect in scavenging superoxide anion free radical with an IC50 value of 26.5 microM, while the IC50 of quercetin (the reference compound) was 38.1 microM. Compounds 7b, 7e, 7h showed certain scavenging activities for both types of free radicals.

AnionsAntioxidantDPPHRadicalmedicine.medical_treatmentDrug Evaluation PreclinicalMedicinal chemistryAntioxidantsInhibitory Concentration 50chemistry.chemical_compoundPicratesSuperoxidesDrug DiscoverymedicineOrganic chemistryIC50PharmacologyDose-Response Relationship DrugSuperoxideBiphenyl CompoundsAnion radicalsFree Radical ScavengersGeneral MedicineIn vitroHydrazinesModels ChemicalchemistrySpectrophotometrySilybinQuercetinQuercetinSilymarinJournal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry
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Inhibitory effects of N-acetylcysteine on superoxide anion generation in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

1997

Abstract It has been suggested that reactive oxygen species released by activated polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) in man is one mechanism of tissue injury. Therapeutic action aimed at increasing antioxidant defence mechanisms is still a clinical challenge. This study examines the activity of N-acetylcysteine, a known antioxidant, in the protection of PMN exposed in-vitro to the chemoattractant peptide fMet-Leu-Phe (FMLP), the protein kinase C activator phorbol myristate acetate or the lipid peroxidation promoter t-butyl hydroperoxide. FMLP (3–300 nm) and phorbol myristate acetate (160 pm–160 nm) induced concentration-related superoxide anion generation. Pre-treatment with N-acetylcystein…

AnionsAntioxidantNeutrophilsmedicine.medical_treatmentPharmaceutical Sciencechemistry.chemical_elementCalciumLipid peroxidationchemistry.chemical_compoundtert-ButylhydroperoxideSuperoxidesmedicineHumansProtein kinase CProtein Kinase CPharmacologychemistry.chemical_classificationReactive oxygen speciesSuperoxideGlutathioneMalondialdehydeMolecular biologyGlutathioneAcetylcysteinePeroxidesEnzyme ActivationN-Formylmethionine Leucyl-PhenylalanineBiochemistrychemistryTetradecanoylphorbol AcetateCalciumLipid PeroxidationThe Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology
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Detection of mitochondrial electron chain carrier redox status by transhepatic light intensity during rat liver reperfusion.

2003

The aim of the study was to investigate mitochondrial electron transfer during rat liver reperfusion after cold storage and hypothermic machine perfusion. Livers from male Brown Norway rats were preserved (UW) for 10h either by cold storage (CS) or by hypothermic oxygenated perfusion extracorporal (HOPE). Transhepatic photometric analysis allowed determination of the redox status of mitochondrial cytochromes during preservation, rewarming and reperfusion. Mitochondrial electron chain carriers were inhibited at different sites with rotenone and cyanide in some experiments. reversed transcriptional polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed after reperfusion concerning transcription of …

AnionsMaleTime FactorsCytochromeLightCold storageCaspase 3ElectronsDNA FragmentationMitochondrionGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biologychemistry.chemical_compoundSuperoxidesAnimalsCaspase-9CryopreservationCyanidesbiologySuperoxideCaspase 3Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaJNK Mitogen-Activated Protein KinasesTemperatureNADH DehydrogenaseGeneral MedicineRotenoneDNAOrgan PreservationLipid MetabolismCaspase 9MitochondriaRatsCold TemperatureOxygenLight intensitychemistryBiochemistryElectron Transport Chain Complex ProteinsLiverCaspasesReperfusionbiology.proteinCytochromesLipid PeroxidationMitogen-Activated Protein KinasesGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesReactive Oxygen SpeciesOxidation-ReductionCryobiology
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Ruthenium Oxide Nanotubes Via Template Electrosynthesis

2011

Ruthenium oxide nanotubes were fabricated by a single-step galvanostatic deposition using porous anodic alumina membrane as template. For the electrodeposition process, we used a electrochemical cell specifically designed in order to employ only 0.5 ml of 0.02 M RuCl3•xH2O solution. The deposition from a very small volume was specifically addressed owing to the high cost of ruthenium compounds, which could be of some relevance from an applicative point of view. Several techniques were used to characterize the samples prior to and after thermal treatment, which was carried out at different temperatures in order to study the crystallization process of the deposit. Raman spectroscopy of as-dep…

Anodic alumina membrane electrodeposition metal oxide nanotubes raman spectroscopy ruthenium oxide supercapacitors template fabrication.Settore ING-IND/23 - Chimica Fisica ApplicataMaterials scienceBiomedical EngineeringPharmaceutical ScienceMedicine (miscellaneous)BioengineeringElectrosynthesisCombinatorial chemistryRuthenium oxideBiotechnologyCurrent Nanoscience
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4-dimethylamino-3′,4′-dimethoxychalcone downregulates iNOS expression and exerts anti-inflammatory effects

2001

Abstract Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species contribute to the pathophysiology of inflammatory conditions. We have studied the effects of a novel superoxide scavenger, 4-dimethylamino-3′,4′-dimethoxychalcone (CH11) in macrophages and in vivo. CH11 has been shown to inhibit the chemiluminescence induced by zymosan in mouse peritoneal macrophages and the cytotoxic effects of superoxide. In the same cells, the modulation by superoxide of nitric oxide (NO) production in response to zymosan was investigated. CH11 was more effective than the membrane-permeable scavenger Tiron for inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) protein expression and nitrite production. We have shown that CH…

Anti-Inflammatory AgentsNitric Oxide Synthase Type IIPharmacologyCarrageenanNitric OxideBiochemistryGene Expression Regulation EnzymologicNitric oxideMicechemistry.chemical_compoundChalconeChalconesSuperoxidesIn vivoPhysiology (medical)AnimalsEdemaEnzyme InhibitorsRespiratory BurstInflammationTironbiologySuperoxideZymosanZymosanFree Radical ScavengersNitric oxide synthaseOxidative StresschemistryBiochemistryEicosanoidLuminescent Measurements12-Dihydroxybenzene-35-Disulfonic Acid Disodium SaltMacrophages Peritonealbiology.proteinFemaleTumor necrosis factor alphaNitric Oxide SynthaseFree Radical Biology and Medicine
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Disruption of the Candida albicans ATC1 gene encoding a cell-linked acid trehalase decreases hypha formation and infectivity without affecting resist…

2007

In Candida albicans, the ATC1 gene, encoding a cell wall-associated acid trehalase, has been considered as a potentially interesting target in the search for new antifungal compounds. A phenotypic characterization of the double disruptant atc1Delta/atc1Delta mutant showed that it was unable to grow on exogenous trehalose as sole carbon source. Unlike actively growing cells from the parental strain (CAI4), the atc1Delta null mutant displayed higher resistance to environmental insults, such as heat shock (42 degrees C) or saline exposure (0.5 M NaCl), and to both mild and severe oxidative stress (5 and 50 mM H(2)O(2)), which are relevant during in vivo infections. Parallel measurements of int…

Antifungal AgentsHot TemperatureMutantGlutathione reductaseHyphaemedicine.disease_causeMicrobiologyMicrobiologySuperoxide dismutasechemistry.chemical_compoundMiceOsmotic PressureCandida albicansmedicineMorphogenesisAnimalsTrehalaseTrehalaseCandida albicansMicrobial ViabilitybiologyVirulenceSuperoxide DismutaseCandidiasisTrehaloseHydrogen Peroxidemedicine.diseasebiology.organism_classificationCatalaseTrehaloseSurvival AnalysisDisease Models AnimalOxidative StressGlutathione Reductasechemistrybiology.proteinFemaleSystemic candidiasisOxidative stressGene DeletionMicrobiology (Reading, England)
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Studies on puupehenone-metabolites of a Dysidea sp.: structure and biological activity

2007

[EN] Puupchenone (1) and a series of its congeners (2-6) have been isolated from a Dysidea sponge. The unprecedented 20-acetoxyhater-unnadienone (2) exhibiting a five-membered contracted ring, has been characterized. In addition, stereochemical assignment of two previously reported acetone adducts of puupehenone (5 and 6) has been made. Finally, the inhibition of mitochondrial respiratory chain as well as antibacterial and antifungal activities of all compounds has been evaluated. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

AntifungalMitochondrial respiratory chainbiologyMarine metabolitesmedicine.drug_classStereochemistryChemistryPuupehenoneOrganic ChemistryBiological activitySponges; Marine metabolites; Sesquiterpene-quinones; Antifungal; Antibacterial; Mitochondrial respiratory chain.biology.organism_classificationAntifungalBiochemistryAdductAntibacterialSpongeMitochondrial respiratory chainSpongesDrug DiscoverymedicineSesquiterpene-quinonesBIOQUIMICA Y BIOLOGIA MOLECULARTetrahedron
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Separation of T-cell-stimulating activity from streptococcal M protein

1992

The superantigenic properties of M protein type 5 of Streptococcus pyogenes have been implicated as an important pathogenicity factor in streptococcal autoimmune diseases. Here we show that after a single purification step by affinity chromatography on immobilized albumin or fibrinogen, M protein has no mitogenic activity for T cells. We demonstrate that the superantigenicity of M proteins of type 5 and type 1 is due to contamination with the highly potent pyrogenic exotoxins of S. pyogenes in the range of 0.1 to 0.01%. These results raise a general caveat for work with these extremely active T-cell mitogens, because the mitogenicity of other streptococcal or staphylococcal proteins could b…

AntigenicityMyeloma proteinT-LymphocytesT cellImmunologyExotoxinschemical and pharmacologic phenomenaBiologyLymphocyte Activationmedicine.disease_causeMicrobiologyMicrobiologyBacterial ProteinsAffinity chromatographymedicineSuperantigenHumansAntigens BacterialMembrane Proteinshemic and immune systemsInfectious Diseasesmedicine.anatomical_structureMembrane proteinStreptococcus pyogenesParasitologyMitogensCarrier ProteinsExotoxinBacterial Outer Membrane ProteinsResearch ArticleInfection and Immunity
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Correlation spectroscopy in molten and supercooled antimony trichloride.

1990

Correlation spectroscopy measurements performed on molten and supercooled antimony trichloride with the homodyne technique show correlation functions that have a nonexponential behavior. Two well-defined distributions of correlation times can be observed in different temporal regions. This behavior is discussed in terms of a structural relaxation of clusters dynamically formed by intermolecular and interchain bonds. The Arrhenius plot of these correlation times shows a linear behavior with the same activation energy for both. In contrast, the activation energy of shear viscosity has a different value, showing that the processes determining the temperature behavior of \ensuremath{\tau} and $…

Antimony trichloridePhysicsCondensed matter physicsIntermolecular forceRelaxation (NMR)ThermodynamicsActivation energyAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsArrhenius plotchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryCorrelation functionSupercoolingEnergy (signal processing)Physical review. A, Atomic, molecular, and optical physics
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Oxidative stress of alternariol in Caco-2 cells

2014

Alternariol (AOH) is a mycotoxin produced by fungus Alternaria. It is found in a wide variety of fruits and cereals products. AOH is able to damage human health. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity of AOH in human colon adenocarcinoma (Caco-2) cells. Moreover, some events related to oxidative stress were evaluated: reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by oxidation of 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate; peroxidation of lipid (LPO) by malondialdehyde (MDA) production; and antioxidant enzymatic capability of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Cytotoxicity of AOH (from 3.125 to 100 μM) was determined during 24, 48 and 72 h of exposure by different endpo…

AntioxidantCell Survivalmedicine.medical_treatmentAlternariolToxicologymedicine.disease_causeSuperoxide dismutaseLactoneschemistry.chemical_compoundMalondialdehydemedicineHumansViability assaychemistry.chemical_classificationReactive oxygen speciesDose-Response Relationship DrugbiologySuperoxide DismutaseGeneral MedicineMycotoxinsCatalaseMalondialdehydeMolecular biologyOxidative StresschemistryBiochemistryCatalasebiology.proteinLipid PeroxidationCaco-2 CellsReactive Oxygen SpeciesOxidative stressToxicology Letters
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