Search results for "vapor pressure"
showing 10 items of 69 documents
Solubility of some pesticides in supercritical CO2
1988
The solubility limits of some pesticides (Linuron, Methoxychlor, Diclofopmethyl, Diclofop and 2,4-D) and of 3,4-dichloroaniline have been determined in supercritical CO2 at 200 bar and 40° C, using the Milton Roy sample preparation accessory SPATM. Depending on the polarity and vapour pressure of the investigated compounds, the solubility was found to be between 0.3 and 12 gl−1.
Recurrent deficit irrigation and fruit harvest affect tree water relations and fruitlet growth in ‘valencia’ orange
2019
Background – Partial rootzone drying is an irrigation strategy known for increasing water use efficiency without significantly affecting tree water status. ‘Valencia’ oranges have a very long development period and nearly mature fruit and new fruitlets may be present at the same time on the tree, competing for water and assimilates. Objectives – The present study investigates the effect of recurrent deficit irrigation and fruit harvest on tree water status and fruitlet growth of ‘Valencia’ orange. Methods – Forty-eight adult trees were exposed to three irrigation treatments for seven years (2007–2013): irrigation with 100% of ETc (CI), continuous deficit irrigation (DI, 50% of CI) and parti…
Modelling Inoculum Availability ofPlurivorosphaerella nawaein Persimmon Leaf Litter with Bayesian Beta Regression
2019
AbstractCircular leaf spot (CLS), caused byPlurivorosphaerella nawae, is a serious disease of persimmon (Diospyros kaki) inducing necrotic lesions on leaves, defoliation and fruit drop. Under Mediter-ranean conditions,P. nawaeforms pseudothecia in the leaf litter during winter and ascospores are released in spring infecting susceptible leaves. Persimmon growers are advised to apply fungicides for CLS control during the period of inoculum availability, which was defined based on ascospore counts under the microscope. A model of inoculum availability ofP. nawaewas developed and evaluated as an alternative to ascospore counts. Leaf litter samples were collected weekly in L’Alcúdia from 2010 to…
Study of vacancy defects in PbSe and Pb1-xSnxSe by positron annihilation
1993
Abstract Positron lifetime measurements have been performed to study vacancy defects in vapour-liquid-solid (VLS) grown PbSe and Pb 1- x Sn x Se ( x = 0.07, 0.1, 0.3). Post-growth annealing under various vapour pressure conditions has been used to change the number of Pb vacancies, resulting in the determination of the specific positron trapping rate μ Pb v = (1.0±0.1)×10 14 s -1 . The sensitivity range of the positron annihilation method to the Pb vacancies was found to be 10 17 Pb ] 20 cm -3 . Positron lifetimes in perfect PbTe, PbSe and PbS crystals have been calculated. Moreover, we have predicted lifetimes of positrons trapped by vacancies. The calculated lifetimes in bulk and defects …
Establishing a Reference Baseline for Midday Stem Water Potential in Olive and Its Use for Plant-Based Irrigation Management
2021
12 páginas.- 7 figuras.- 4 tablas.- 55 referencias.-
The carrier-loaded helium-jet transport method
1974
Abstract The suitability of commercial helium loaded with small amounts of different gases or vapors for the transport of radioactive reaction products over distances of several meters has been investigated experimentally. Negative results were obtained with gaseous carriers. Transport efficiencies of 50 to 100% were obtained with carrier vapors. The vapor appears to form droplets in the system. The recoils are adsorbed physically by the droplets and carried with them through a capillary. There appears to be an active mechanism that forces the heavy constituents to the centre of the capillary cross section. The heavy constituents emerge from the capillary as a very narrow beam. Collection o…
Water vapour pressure above saturated salt solutions at low temperatures
1999
Abstract The properties of water–salt systems in relation to their vapour pressure are studied especially at low temperature. The water vapour pressure of saturated salt solutions of strontium chloride, zinc chloride, nickel chloride, nickel nitrate, magnesium chloride, magnesium bromide, magnesium nitrate, calcium chloride, potassium nitrite, lithium chloride, lithium bromide, lithium iodide and sodium bromide are measured in a temperature range −40 to +10°C. The apparatus used in this study, is well adapted to measure very low pressure with an uncertainty of pressure measurement of 2% for a range between 10−3 and 10 mm Hg. The experimental values are fitted by Antoine equation with mean p…
Phosphites as precursors in atomic layer deposition thin film synthesis
2021
We here demonstrate a new route for deposition of phosphorous based materials by atomic layer deposition (ALD) using the phosphites Me3PO3 or Et3PO3 as precursors. These contain phosphorous in the oxidation state (III) and are open for deposition of reduced phases by ALD. We have investigated their applicability for the synthesis of LiPO and AlPO materials and characterized their growth by means of in situ quartz crystal microbalance. Phosphites are good alternatives to the established phosphate-based synthesis routes as they have high vapor pressure and are compatible with water as a coreactant during deposition. The deposited materials have been characterized using XPS, x-ray fluorescence…
CNT and Graphene Growth: Growing, Quality Control, Thermal Expansion and Chiral Dispersion
2017
The chapter presents and discusses the production of graphene sheets of carbon nanotubes (CNT) of various types. The Iijima arc discharge method, following the purification methods, is described identifying advantages and disadvantages. Several types of non-regularities such as the Stone–Wales defect and corner effect, which locally increases reactivity, are described from the structural point of view. The laser ablation method is presented as one of the most prominent methods in the production of CNTs. The catalytic chemical vapour deposition (CVD) method is a very effective tool for the controlled production of different carbon shells. The sporadic and simulated growth of CNTs depends on …
Random Copolymers: Their Solution Thermodynamics as Compared with That of the Corresponding Homopolymers
2008
Vapor pressure data (at 50 °C) of solutions of poly(methyl methacrylate) [PMMA], polystyrene [PS], and poly(styrene-ran-methyl methacrylate) [P(S-ran-MMA)], with different weight fractions f of styrene units, in either CHCl3, acetone [AC], methyl acetate [MeAc], or toluene [TL] were evaluated with respect to the dependence of the Flory−Huggins interaction parameter χ on polymer concentration and on f. For all solutions under investigation, χ varies considerably with the composition of the mixture, and only for four of them [CHCl3/PS, AC/PMMA, MeAc/PS, and TL/P(S-ran-MMA) f = 0.5] is this dependence linear; another four systems exhibit a minimum [CHCl3/PMMA, CHCl3/P(S-ran-MMA) f = 0.5, TL/PM…