Search results for "vastasyntyneet"

An extensive pattern of atypical neural speech-sound discrimination in newborns at risk of dyslexia.

2019

Objective: Identifying early signs of developmental dyslexia, associated with deficient speech-sound processing, is paramount to establish early interventions. We aimed to find early speech-sound processing deficiencies in dyslexia, expecting diminished and atypically lateralized event-related potentials (ERP) and mismatch responses (MMR) in newborns at dyslexia risk. Methods: ERPs were recorded to a pseudoword and its variants (vowel-duration, vowel-identity, and syllable-frequency changes) from 88 newborns at high or no familial risk. The response significance was tested, and group, laterality, and frontality effects were assessed with repeated-measures ANOVA. Results: An early positive a…

A Common Receptor Found for Echoviruses.

2019

Echoviruses are amongst the most common causative agents of aseptic meningitis worldwide and are particularly devastating in the neonatal population, where they are associated with severe hepatitis, neurological disease, including meningitis and encephalitis, and even death. Here, we identify the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) as a pan-echovirus receptor. We show that loss of expression of FcRn or its binding partner beta 2 microglobulin (β2M) renders cells resistant to infection by a panel of echoviruses at the stage of virus attachment, and that a blocking antibody to β2M inhibits echovirus infection in cell lines and in primary human intestinal epithelial cells. We also show that expression…

The Pain of Granting Otherness : Interoception and the Differentiation of the Other / Der Schmerz der Gewährung von Andersheit : Interozeption und di…

2017

SummaryThis article examines the foundations of social experience from a psychoanalytic perspective. In current developmental psychology, social cognition debate, and phenomenology of empathy, it is widely assumed that the self and the other are differentiated from the outset, and the basic challenge is accordingly taken to consist in explaining how the gap between the self and the other can be bridged. By contrast, in the psychoanalytic tradition, the central task is considered to lie in explaining how such a gap is established in the first place. My article develops this latter idea. I focus on the infant’s early experience of care, show how the presence of the caregiver can be interprete…

Associations between neonatal cry acoustics and visual attention during the first year

2019

It has been suggested that early cry parameters are connected to later cognitive abilities. The present study is the first to investigate whether the acoustic features of infant cry are associated with cognitive development already during the first year, as measured by oculomotor orienting and attention disengagement. Cry sounds for acoustic analyses (fundamental frequency; F0) were recorded in two neonatal cohorts at the age of 0–8 days (Tampere, Finland) or at 6 weeks (Cape Town, South Africa). Eye tracking was used to measure oculomotor orienting to peripheral visual stimuli and attention disengagement from central stimuli at 8 months (Tampere) or at 6 months (Cape Town) of age. Only a m…

Cortical networks show characteristic recruitment patterns after somatosensory stimulation by pneumatically evoked repetitive hand movements in newbo…

2022

Abstract Controlled assessment of functional cortical networks is an unmet need in the clinical research of noncooperative subjects, such as infants. We developed an automated, pneumatic stimulation method to actuate naturalistic movements of an infant’s hand, as well as an analysis pipeline for assessing the elicited electroencephalography (EEG) responses and related cortical networks. Twenty newborn infants with perinatal asphyxia were recruited, including 7 with mild-to-moderate hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Statistically significant corticokinematic coherence (CKC) was observed between repetitive hand movements and EEG in all infants, peaking near the contralateral sensorimotor…

“F*** this shit” : Negotiating the Boundaries of Public Expression of Mother’s Negative Feelings

2021

In 2017, Finnish celebrity Sini Ariell published a blog post titled “F*** this shit” in which she revealed her difficult feelings as a mother of a newborn baby. Attracting attention from Finnish media, the post went viral. Through the empirical analysis of affective reactions to the post on an anonymous online discussion board, we explore how the limits of the public expression of negative maternal feelings are negotiated and maintained, but also challenged. Our results highlight the normative, even punitive dynamics of the digital intimate public, as commenters on the discussion board often argued that struggles and unhappiness during motherhood should not be made public but dealt with in …

Newborn brain responses measuring feature and change detection and predicting later language development in children with and without familial risk f…

2003

Lukemisen erityisvaikeuksia eli kehityksellistä dysleksiaa on noin 3-10 prosentilla suomalaisista koululaisista. Vaikeudet haittaavat eri tavoin heidän koulusuoriutumistaan ja vaikuttavat näin myös tulevaisuuden urasuunnitelmiin.Tomi Guttorm on väitöskirjatyössään verrannut vastasyntyneiden riskiryhmään kuuluvien ja muiden vauvojen kielellistä prosessointia. Hän toteaa, että jo muutaman päivän iässä aivoista tehtyjen havaintojen perusteella voidaan ennustaa riskivauvojen heikompia kielellisiä taitoja. Tulokset aivovasteiden ennustearvosta ovat tutkijan mielestä rohkaisevia kielellisten pulmien varhaisen tunnistamisen sekä tuki- ja kuntoutustoimien suunnittelun kannalta. Event-related potent…

Neural phoneme discrimination in variable speech in newborns – associations with dyslexia risk and later language skills

2023

AbstractA crucial skill in infant language acquisition is learning of the native language phonemes. This requires the ability to group complex sounds into distinct auditory categories based on their shared features. Problems in phonetic learning have been suggested to underlie language learning difficulties in dyslexia, a developmental reading-skill deficit. We investigated auditory abilities important for language acquisition in newborns with or without a familial risk for dyslexia with electrophysiological mismatch responses (MMRs). We presented vowel changes in a sequence of acoustically varying vowels, requiring grouping of the stimuli to two phoneme categories. The vowel changes elicit…

Automatic SCSB analysis of motor and autonomic nervous activity in infants compared to EEG-based sleep stages

2002

Musiikki ja keskonen : musiikin käyttö vastasyntyneiden teho-osastolla

2012

Viime vuosien aikana kulttuurin ja hyvinvoinnin yhteys on nostanut kulttuuri- ja hyvinvointialan ammattilasten mielenkiintoa. Tämän tutkimuksen juuret ulottuvat Turun ammattikorkeakoulun hallinnoimiin, musiikin ja hyvinvoinnin yhteyttä kartuttaviin hankkeisiin. Hankkeiden tavoitteina ovat olleet sairaalamusiikkityön pilotointi ja kehittäminen Turun yliopistollisen keskussairaalan lastenklinikalla vuodesta 2010 alkaen. Tutkimuksessa tutkittiin musiikin käyttömahdollisuuksia vastasyntyneiden teho-osastolla. Tutkimuksessa otettiin huomioon sekä vastasyntyneen lapsen välitön reagointi elävään musiikkiin että vanhempien ja hoitohenkilökunnan kokemukset elävästä musiikista osastolla. Tutkimukseen…