Verminderung kardiovaskulärer Störungen durch perioperative Antihistaminikaprophylaxe in der Allgemeinchirurgie: Sind die Medikamente austauschbar?

Klinische Forschung hat das Ziel, die Effektivitat von diagnostischen und therapeutischen Verfahren am Patienten unter Verwendung des Goldstandards der randomisierten, kontrollierten klinischen Studie zu zeigen [1, 4]. Trotzdem kommt es immer wieder zu Fehlern (Versagen von Studien) oder sogar zu Katastrophen (Todesfalle) in Patientenstudien (z. B. in Sepsisstudien [2, 6]), obwohl die zugrunde liegenden Studien der Grundlagenforschung sehr erfolgreich und vielversprechend waren [7]. Dies verdeutlicht die Notwendigkeit, in solchen Studien mehr Komplexitat zu modellieren, bevor neue Medikamente in der realen klinischen Situation eingesetzt werden [3]. Wir schlagen deshalb als neues Konzept di…

Clinic modelling randomised trials (CMRT's) in animals as a new intermediate between biological experiments and randomised clinical trials: application to antihistamine prophylaxis in anaesthesia and surgery.

Incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) after general pre-anaesthetic prophylaxis with antihistamines

Can clinically relevant histamine release be accurately diagnosed in anaesthetised patients without plasma histamine measurements? Randomised study with nested sampling aimed to change paradigms

Evaluation of early and late histamine release by three standard volume substitutes

Following meta-analysis [1], the use of colloidal solutions in intensive care medicine is under discussion. Although polygeline [2] and human albumin are known to cause histamine release, other substances eg hydroxyethyl starch were thought to be without effect. Histamine release depends on the clinical scenario, concomitant drugs, infusion speed, duration and amount of infusion. However, there is no information about their effect regarding time periods longer than immediate reactions. This study investigated the histamine releasing effects of three plasma substitutes administered and observed over a longer period of time, simulating many of the clinical scenarios.

Histamine release in mesenteric traction syndrome during abdominal aortic aneurysm surgery: prophylaxis with H1 and H2 antihistamines

Objective and design: Mesenteric traction syndrome is described as sudden tachycardia, hypotension and flush. Among other etiological factors eventeration or mesenteric traction of the small intestine may cause histamine release from mesenteric mast cells. We hypothesized that mesenteric traction syndrome may be positively influenced by prophylactic antihistamine administration.¶Methods: Male patients (n = 17, ASA groups III-IV, 48–78 years old) were investigated in a randomised double blind study during elective abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair. Eight patients had pre-anaesthetic prophylaxis with dimetindene (H1-receptor antagonist) plus cimetidine (H2-receptor antagonist), 9 patient…

Early and late histamine release induced by albumin, hetastarch and polygeline: some unexpected findings.

Objective: The perioperative use of colloidal plasma substitutes is still under discussion. We therefore conducted a prospective randomised study with three commonly used plasma substitutes to examine their histamine releasing effects in 21 volunteers. Material or subjects: 21 male volunteers were enrolled in this prospective, randomised, controlled clinical study. Endpoints were the incidence of early and late histamine release and the time course of the release kinetics. Normovolemic hemodilution technique was used with hydroxyethyl starch (n = 6), human albumin (n = 6) and polygeline (n = 9). Measurement and observation period was 240 min after the start of the plasma substitute infusion…

Cardiorespiratory disturbances following antibiotic prophylaxis in general surgery: Reasons for a complex reappraisal of a common problem