0000000000172932
AUTHOR
Quentin Escoula
N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids: An innovative strategy against obesity and related metabolic disorders, intestinal alteration and gut microbiota dysbiosis
Obesity is now widely recognized to be associated with low-grade systemic inflammation. It has been shown that high-fat feeding modulates gut microbiota which strongly increased intestinal permeability leading to lipopolysaccharide absorption causing metabolic endotoxemia that triggers inflammation and metabolic disorders. N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been shown associated with anti-obesity properties, but results still remain heterogeneous and very few studies underlined the metabolic pathways involved. Thus, the use of Fat-1 transgenic mice allows to better understanding whether endogenous n-3 PUFAs enrichment contributes to obesity and associated metabolic disorders preve…
Intestinal microbiota mediates the beneficial effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids during dietary obesity,
Obesity, now considered as a real worldwide epidemic affecting more than 650 million people, is complex and mainly associated with excessive energy intake and changes in eating habits favoring the consumption of diets rich in saturated fat and sugar. This multifactorial pathology is linked to chronic low grade systemic inflammation. Indeed, a high fat diet (HFD) leads to intestinal microbiota dysbiosis increasing gut permeability (partly attributed to a downregulation of genes encoding tight junction proteins) leading to an increase in bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) levels so-called metabolic endotoxemia. Studies have shown that n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are involved in t…
Preventive effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in alteration of colon mucus layer and reticulum endoplasmic stress induced by an obesogenic diet
Obesity is now recognized as a real global epidemic affecting more than 650 million people worldwide.This chronic inflammatory disease is accompanied with intestinal alteration, including alteration of the colic mucus layer and an increase in stress of the endoplasmic colic reticulum, associated with microbiota dysbiosis. Polyunsaturated fatty acids in n-3 are known for their anti-inflammatory and immuno-modulatory properties and appear to be a promising lead in the fight against metabolic and intestinal alterations induced by obesity.The objectives of this work was initially to determine whether tissue enrichment in n-3, in the fat-1 mouse model, prevent alterations of colon mucus layer in…
Les oméga-3 préviennent l’altération de la couche de mucus, le stress du réticulum endoplasmique et l’inflammation induits par un régime obésogène au niveau du colon de souris fat-1
Introduction et but de l’etude Un regime obesogene induit d’importantes alterations de la barriere intestinale, une endotoxemie metabolique et une inflammation chronique dite de bas bruit. La couche de mucus recouvrant l’intestin, principalement constituee de la glycoproteine Muc2 produite par les cellules caliciformes, maintient les bacteries du microbiote a distance des cellules hotes, empechant ainsi une activation du systeme immunitaire. Il a ete montre qu’un regime obesogene etait capable d’alterer l’epaisseur de cette couche de mucus en association avec une inflammation et un stress du reticulum endoplasmique. Les omega-3 exercent de puissants effets anti-inflammatoires, et un enrichi…