0000000000315212
AUTHOR
Salvatore Giuffrida
Local Equalization and Wide Areas Land Planning in Syracuse
Abstract The implementation process of the Syracuse's Master Plan is characterized by the widespread use of “urban negotiation”. The Municipality has drawn up a protocol aimed at obtaining areas for facilities and public infrastructure in different areas basing on the rule of the transfer of a portion of land in return for the building permission for the remaining part. Since these areas are variously characterized, the negotiation process may not be fair to Municipality or convenient to land owners. Basing on an equalization pattern, this study provides, for each area, the indexes of fairness and convenience, and, more specifically, the difference between the market value of the areas achi…
The ‘value of solidarity’ in the public housing stock alienation. a case study in palermo (italy)
As many low-income households have still been facing the problem of affordable housing, in several countries governmental institutions have implemented various measures of housing policy and are supporting both the “right to housing” and the “right to buy” a dwelling at a subsidized price. Alienation of public housing is a political measure mostly directed towards low-income tenants, by which the dwellings are sold at a price set by law, assumed as a “administered” price. The gap between market and administered prices may be considered as the “value of solidarity” to be taken into account as the monetary reference of the social housing welfare policies aimed at reducing social inequities. T…
Swellable microparticles containing Suprofen: evaluation of in vitro release and photochemical behaviour
Suprofen, an anti-inflammatory drug was incorporated in polymer networks based on biocompatible macromolecules, such as alpha,beta-polyasparthydrazide (PAHy) and alpha,beta-poly(N-hydroxyethyl)-DL-aspartamide (PHEA) crosslinked by glutaraldehyde or gamma-rays, respectively. Swelling tests carried out in aqueous media showed that pH value affects the swelling degree of the prepared hydrogels. In vitro release tests were performed in simulated gastrointestinal fluids (pH 1/6.8) using the pH variation method and in phosphate-buffered saline, pH 7.4. Experimental data indicated that Suprofen was released in a sustained way both from PAHy and PHEA microparticles. Further, incorporation of Suprof…
LA QUESTIONE ABITATIVA TRA SOSTENIBILITÀ SOCIALE E DINAMICHE IMMOBILIARI
Questo studio si propone di delineare una metodologia di valutazione dell’housing affordability alla scala territoriale, intesa come accessibilità finanziaria all’abitazione, in modo da ottenere un sistema di informazioni da impiegare a supporto del processo decisionale pubblico sulle politiche abitative. L’obiettivo, in particolare, è quello di individuare la domanda locale e i bisogni sociali corrispondenti alla distribuzione territoriale dei gap reddituali che impediscono l’accesso all’abitazione, in modo da intervenire con tutti gli strumenti che consentono di raggiungere una maggiore equità sociale. La metodologia procede attraverso lo studio della distribuzione territoriale della ricc…
Housing Affordability and Income-threshold in Social Housing Policy
Abstract The issue of affordable housing has again become crucial in ensuring a greater social equity, increasing social cohesion and reducing inequalities within metropolitan or regional systems which, in the current climate of severe economic crisis, have to respond to global challenges of development, innovation and sustainability. This study aims at building a system of knowledge about the housing affordability on the territorial scale, by which to identify the local characteristics of housing problems that could be solved through traditional planning tools or new practices of social housing, which involves private stakeholders and/or public administrations. This system of knowledge sho…
The European Green Deal: New Challenges for the Economic Feasibility of Energy Retrofit at District Scale
The European Green Deal proposes an epochal change in the European society by transforming environmental and climatic problems into opportunities and making sustainable and fair the European Union economic system. Radical changes will also concern urban redevelopment and energy efficiency measures in order to reduce global greenhouse gas emissions. To achieve these objectives, rules and standards, as well as financial resources and assessment tools, are needed to support both urban planning and public decision process. This paper aims to analyze the existing European programs that are applied in some European smart cities, as they constitute a valuable source of information for the developm…
Industrial Areas and the City. Equalization and Compensation in a Value-Oriented Allocation Pattern
This study deals with the allocation of the firms in a large industrial area of Quarto, a town in the Naples’ district subject to a “Piano di Insediamenti Industriali” – PIP (Industrial Settlement Masterplan). The main concern of the Municipality is the fair integration between environmental issues, economic development and urban identity. Therefore a structured evaluation process, based on a survey about the company profiles and their geographical location, has been carried out in order to make the plan meet the needs of the firms, and to select the best companies to settle in the planned area. A “generative” MAVT pattern has been designed to outline several layout options and to select th…
Cap Rate as the Interpretative Variable of the Urban Real Estate Capital Asset: A Comparison of Different Sub‐Market Definitions in Palermo, Italy
Real estate capital is in constant competition with other capital assets due to its different and complementary economic functions such as direct use, productive investment, and speculative investment. These features and the resulting opportunities cannot be easily deduced from direct observation of the real estate markets, so some further insights need to be carried out in order to highlight the relationship between prices, rents and performances. This study aims at providing a multifaceted perspective of a specific urban real estate market to overcome the difficulties arising from opacities and informative asymmetries that hinder the decision of investors, by facilitating the comparison o…
Efficiency versus Fairness in the Management of Public Housing Assets in Palermo (Italy)
Public housing policy has been proposing plans of public housing (PH) stock alienation or, as an alternative, property enhancement plans, since administrative and financial commitments have become too heavy for municipalities. This paper deals with one of the current public housing management policy initiatives, undertaken by the Municipality of Palermo (Italy), which aimed at transferring a significant part of the public housing asset to the current tenants, according to some terms and conditions, and applying a politically fixed price. This policy is described in general, focusing on the amount of the assets involved, reporting the terms and conditions for transferring them at an affordab…
The urban being between environment and landscape. On the old town as an emerging subject
The landscape units of the Sicilian mountainous inland, as for the case of Petralia Soprana, are marked by the presence of ancient urban centres controlling the agricultural territory, from which they derived their own wealth, and to which they conferred landscape significance. The unity between economy and landscape has been interrupted by the radical transformation of the socio-economic structure and the technologic progress, which have eroded the consistency between structures and superstructures. We propose an assessment approach based on a synthesis of semiotic and phenomenological view. The approach mainly focuses on the basic concepts and contents of the valuation process that can be…
La costruzione del paesaggio ibleo: reti deboli, segni forti
The contribution deals with the theme of the dry stone walls’ landscape which characterizes the rural “Koinè” of the Hyblean plateau in South-Eastern Sicily. The essay analyses the main political-economic, social-territorial, constructive and typological features which make the dry walls network the landmark of the Ragusa province. Because of the modification of the economic-cultural context that produced it, the loss of knowledge of the construction techniques and the lack of public resources, the definition of an axiology of the contemporary landscape as premise for the establishment of adequate terms of value for the safeguard of this heritage is required.
Forms and Functions of the Real Estate Market of Palermo (Italy). Science and Knowledge in the Cluster Analysis Approach
The analysis of the housing market of a city requires suitable approaches and tools, such as data mining models, to represent its complexity which derives on many elements, e.g. the type of capital asset-house is a common good and an investment good as well, the heterogeneity of the urban areas—each of them has own historical and representative values and different urban functions—and the variability of building quality. The housing market of the most densely populated area of Palermo (Italy), corresponding to ten districts, is analyzed to verify the degree of its inner homogeneity and the relations between the quality of the characteristics and the price of the properties. Five hundred set…
A Paradigm Interpreting the City and the Analytic Network Process for the Management of Urban Transformations
When urban and environmental transformations occur in areas where the equilibrium between nature and culture is complex and fragile, public ad-ministrations could decide to induce private investments using several tools, such as financial contributions to those projects of refurbishment that better re-spect the purpose of improving the environmental quality and of preserving the local architecture. Multicriteria models may support public decision process re-garding this issue, but it is essential to adopt a scientific paradigm that provides a major theoretical reference. This study proposes the development of a net-work model based on the scientific paradigm by Rizzo and the Analytic Net-wo…
Fair Planning and Affordability Housing in Urban Policy. The Case of Syracuse (Italy)
Equalization can be implemented in the planning process by means of several tools. The Syracuse’s Master Plan has used “urban negotiation” to obtain land for facilities and public infrastructure in different urban areas basing on the rule of the transfer of a portion of land in return for the building permission for the remaining part of each property to be developed. The Master Plan also aimed at providing social housing because the economic crisis has amplified the gap between housing market prices and household income. This study proposes an equalization and compensation model to support the urban negotiation for providing the indexes of a fair and convenient development of several inter…
Dis-misure e dis-valori del danno all'ambiente fluviale: un approccio socio-sistemico
Si espone qui la sperimentazione di un metodo di analisi e valutazione del danno ispirato all’approccio sociologico di N. Nuhmann (1990), che definisce l’ambiente per differenza rispetto ai processi comunicativi che informano il sistema sociale e quindi il danno ambientale come difetto della comunicazione tra sub-sistemi. In questa logica la valutazione del risarcimento è stata condotta con riferimento al rapporto verticale tra unità inquinanti e supporto naturale e orizzontale tra i diversi sub-sistemi che comunicano “sull’ambiente”. Il caso studiato riguarda le immissioni di inquinanti in un bacino idrico siciliano da tempo sotto osservazione anche da parte della Comunità Europea a causa …
Effect of?-cyclodextrin complexation on the photohaemolitic activity induced by Ketoprofen and Naproxen sensitization
Red blood cell lysis photosensitized by two non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs Naproxen (NAP) and Ketoprofen (KPF) was investigated in the presence of β-cyclodextrin (β-Cyd). The photohaemolysis was inhibited by the addition of β-Cyd both for NAP and, to a lesser extent, for KPF. The protective action was found only in a restricted range of concentration of β-Cyd. Higher amounts of β-Cyd interfered with the resistance of the cell to the osmotic shock induced by the photosensitization process. The complexing action of β-Cyd was ascertained through UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, induced circular dichroism and emission spectroscopy. The isolated complexes Naproxen-β-Cyd (NAP-β-Cyd) and Ket…
Smart city ed efficientamento energetico: opportunità e sfide dall’European Green Deal e dai programmi europei
L'efficienza energetica è diventata un argomento centrale nella pianificazione e nella gestione urbana a causa del cambiamento climatico globale e delle emergenze ambientali. L'articolo analizza i modelli e le procedure che sono stati testati nel gruppo MySmartCityProgram da diversi programmi europei che promuovono misure innovative di efficienza energetica a scala di quartiere. L'analisi dei casi studio del Programma ZenN, in particolare, ha evidenziato che struttura della proprietà, erogazione di fondi pubblici e disponibilità di finanziamenti bancari sono i principali fattori critici per raggiungere o ostacolare la fattibilità finanziaria. In vista delle fasi di implementazione del Green…
Appraisals in Italy Identity, contents, prospects
The paper presents the results of a wide field research concerning the teaching of appraisal studies in the courses of Architecture and Engineering in Italian universities. This general report, including critical observations and interpretations, provides the basis for strategies to increase the presence and impact of appraisal studies. The aim is to spread the personal and professional awareness that the estimative sensibility is a key element for the knowledge and planning of the city and the territory. The paper is divided into three coalescing parts. The first highlights the presence of appraisal teaching in different universities and courses of study, and answers the questions: from wh…
Promoting Research and Landscape Experience in the Management of the Archaeological Networks. A Project-Valuation Experiment in Italy
Archaeological sites are part of the history and identity of a community playing a strategic role on the different scales of the cultural and economic common life. Whereas on the one end the most famous archaeological sites attract huge flows of tourists and investment, on the other hand, many minor archaeological sites remain almost ignored and neglected. This study proposes a project-evaluation approach devoted to the &ldquo
“Houses for One Euro” and the Territory. Some Estimation Issues for the “Geographic Debt” Reduction
The phenomenon of the “houses for one Euro” is the epitome of the progressive and increasing abandonment of the inland territories in which many small towns are affected by continuous and unstoppable depopulation. This process, mostly affecting the southern and insular Italian regions, have been triggered by the quick industrial development started after the second post-war, led by the northern regions, that deeply and irreversibly modified the anthropography of the whole country until now. The impoverishment of a wide part of the Italian territory, is one of the many issues connected to the social-territorial justice that is the original topic by which appraisal and valuation, that is scie…
Energy Equalization and the Case of the “nZEB Hotels”
Nowadays, energy equalization is one of the many issues concerning the energy policies on the urban scale and in the perspective of reducing the Urban Heat Island effects (UHI-e). The different economic-financial profiles of the interventions implemented in the buildings having a wide range of climatic locations, typological arrangements, architectural-historical constraints, need to be coordinated within unitary local energy-environmental policies inspired by economic-financial as well as environmental issues. The renovation of existing hotels to achieve a nearly Zero-Energy performance is one of the goals of the 2050 EU’s energy policy. This paper presents the nZEB retrofit case of an exi…