0000000000315399
AUTHOR
J. G. Keller
Energy Dependence of Collective Flow of Neutrons and Charged Particles in 197AU + 197AU Collisions
Collective flow of nuclear matter is one important aspect of the research performed at heavy ion accelerator laboratories. The phenomenon was predicted on the basis of hydrodynamical calculations [1], and experimental evidence was first presented for the systems 93 Nb + 93 Nb and 197 Au + 197 Au in the projectile energy range between 150 and 1050 MeV/u [2]. The comparison to microscopic calculations shows that nuclear matter is compressed to about two to three times the ground state density and that a substantial fraction of the kinetic energy in the entrance channel is converted into compressional energy [3]. In these calculations, the relation between density and compressional energy depe…
Energy dependence of collective flow of neutrons and protons in197Au+197Au collisions
We investigate the beam energy dependence of neutron and proton squeeze-out in collisions of197Au+197Au atE/A=400—800 MeV. The azimuthal anisotropy that describes the enhanced emission of mid-rapidity neutrons perpendicular to the reaction plane rises strongly with the transverse momentum of the neutrons. This dependence of the azimuthal anisotropy follows a universal curve — independent of beam energy — if the neutron momenta are measured in fractions of the projectile momentum per mass unit. Analogously, the kinetic energy spectra of mid-rapidity neutrons exhibit a universal behaviour as a function of the kinetic energy of the projectile.
A large area detector for high-energy neutrons
Abstract We present design studies, results of test measurements, and Monte Carlo simulations which served as a basis for the realization of a large area neutron detector (LAND). It has a front area of 2m×2m and a depth of 1 m, and features a multilayer structure of passive converter and active scintillator material. The detector is subdivided in independently operating paddles which allow time-of-flight and position measurement. An energy resolution of ΔT n / T n =5.3% for a flight path of 15 m and an overall detection efficiency of ϵ ≈ 1 is anticipated for neutrons with T n ≈ 1 GeV. The operation of LAND at the SIS facility of GSI is described.
Neutron momentum distributions from "core break-up" reactions of halo nuclei
Neutron angular distributions from violent break-up reactions of Li-11 and Be-11 have been measured at 28 MeV/u and 280 MeV/u and at 41 MeV/u and 460 MeV/u, respectively. The derived neutron momentum distributions show a narrow component in transverse momentum that is within uncertainties independent of beam energy and target charge. This component is suggested to be simply related to the momentum distribution of the loosely bound halo neutron(s) in the projectiles.
Dissociation of 8He into 6He + n + X at 240 MeV/u
4 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables.
Study of the Unstable NucleusL10iin Stripping Reactions of the Radioactive ProjectilesB11eandL11i
Reactions of the halo systems Be-11 and Li-11 (at 460 and 280 MeV/nucleon) with a carbon target demonstrate that (n + Li-9) has an (unbound) l = 0 ground state very close to the threshold. The neutron halo of Li-11 has appreciable (1s(1/2))(2) and (0p(1/2))(2) components.
Longitudinal and transverse momentum distributions of 9Li fragments from break-up of 11Li
7 pages, 3 figures, 1 table.