0000000000336090
AUTHOR
Peter Schmidt
Panel Conditioning or SOCRATIC EFFECT REVISITED: 99 Citations, but is there Theoretical Progress?
In a paper published as early as 1987 by Jagodzinski, Kuhnel and Schmidt on attitude measurement in a three wave panel study, we established empirically a general orientation toward foreign employees in Western Germany called “Gastarbeiter”. These items have been continuously used from 1980 till now in the ALLBUS studies (Wasmer and Hochman 2019). In this paper, we have analyzed how the citation, explanation and modeling of the Socratic effect for explaining changes in panel data developed over time starting with the original paper of Jagodzinski et al. (1987). According to Google Scholar retrieved at 24.1.2019, 99 citations were found, which are all listed in the Online Supplementary. From…
Veresterung und Veretherung sterisch gehinderter Kohlenhydrat‐Hydroxylfunktionen mit dem System Triphenylphosphan/Azodicarbonsäureester
Die 6-0-Benzoyl-3-0-Benzyl-1,2-0-isopropyliden-α-D-glucofuranose (11) reagiert unter der Einwirkung von Azodicarbonsaure-diethylester (2) (DEAD) und Triphenylphosphan (1) mit p- Nitro benzoesaure, Benzoesaure, p-Toluolsulfonsaure- und Mesitylensulfonsaure-methylester sterisch nicht einheitlich. Es bildet sich das erwartete Substitutions-(L-ido)-Produkt (unter Inversion an C-5), aber daneben auch das D-gluco-Epimere; fur dessen Bildung wird ein Acylierungsmechanismus diskutiert. – Die Reaktion der 1,2:5,6-Di-O-isopropyliden α-D-glucofuranose(7) mit dem Reagenzsystem 1/2 und Arylsulfonsaure-methylesters bleibt auf der Alkoxyphosphoniumsalze 8 stehen. Durch Umsetzung mit Alkoholat erhalt man a…
Multiple Myeloma Treatment in Real-world Clinical Practice: Results of a Prospective, Multinational, Noninterventional Study.
© 2018 The Authors.
Eine neue synthese for 3-desoxy-3-iod-zucker über alkoxyphosphoniumsalze
Abstract The alkoxy phosphonium iodides of the 1,2:5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-gluco- and allofuranose are converted to the corresponding 3-iodo sugars without elimination or rearrangement.
The influence of phase transitions in phosphatidylethanolamine models on the activity of violaxanthin de-epoxidase
In the present study, the influence of the phospholipid phase state on the activity of the xanthophyll cycle enzyme violaxanthin de-epoxidase (VDE) was analyzed using different phosphatidylethanolamine species as model lipids. By using (31)P NMR spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and temperature dependent enzyme assays, VDE activity could directly be related to the lipid structures the protein is associated with. Our results show that the gel (L beta) to liquid-crystalline (L alpha) phase transition in these single lipid component systems strongly enhances both the solubilization of the xanthophyll cycle pigment violaxanthin in the membrane and the activity of the VDE. This pha…
Microgravity-induced alterations in signal transduction in cells of the immune system
Since decades it is known that the activity of cells of the immune system is severely dysregulated in microgravity, however, the underlying molecular aspects have not been elucidated yet. The identification of gravity-sensitive molecular mechanisms in cells of the immune system is an important and indispensable prerequisite for the development of counteractive measures to prevent or treat disturbed immune cell function of astronauts during long-term space missions. Moreover, their sensitivity to altered gravity renders immune cells an ideal model system to understand if and how gravity on Earth is required for normal mammalian cell function and signal transduction. We investigated the effec…
Synthese und Reaktionen der 3-O-Phosphoniogluco-und -allofuranosen
Aus den bicyclischen Gluco- (3, 5, 7 und 9) und Allofuranosen 11 werden mit Triphenylphosphan (1), Azodicarbonsaure-diethylester (2) und Alkylierungs- oder Acylierungsmitteln isolierbare 3-O-Phosphoniokohlenhydrate (4, 6, 8, 10 und 12) hergestellt. Durch Erwarmen der allo-konfigurierten Salze 12 konnen an C-3 epimere gluco-konfigurierte Substitutionsprodukte in groser Vielfalt gewonnen werden. Die Reaktionen der gluco-konfigurierten Salze werden stark vom Charakter des einzufuhrenden Nucleophils und von Nachbargruppen im Kohlenhydratgerust beeinflust. Wahrend das Iodid 4a und das Azid 4g unter Substitution zum allo-Derivat 15 reagieren, tritt in den Fallen mit Bromid, Chlorid oder Sulfonat …