0000000000414384
AUTHOR
Manfred R. Moeller
Biochemical approach on the conservation of drug molecules during hair fiber formation
A biochemical concept for the endogenous incorporation of drug molecules into growing hair is presented. It is based on the principles of transport across biomembranes, on the principles of biotransformation and drug melanin affinity. The approach gives explanations for current observations in hair analysis, which up to date have not been understood sufficiently. Phenomena such as the ratio of parent drug to metabolite in hair, the dependence of incorporation on the physico-chemical properties of the drug, the independence of drug incorporation on active melanogenesis (incorporation into non-pigmented hair) as well as the dependence of drug content on hair pigmentation are elucidated.
Zum Suchtmittelnachweis in Haaren
Es wird ein Konzept zum Einbau organischer Substanzen in das wachsende Haar vorgestellt. Es basiert auf den Regeln des Stofftransportes durch Zellmembranen, den Prinzipien des Fremdstoffmetabolismus und der bekannten Melaninaffinitat vieler Substanzen. Die interdisziplinare Betrachtung und die Anwendung biochemischer Mechanismen auf die Vorgange und Zellpopulationen im Haarfollikel kann die Konservierung der organischen Substanzen infolge der Keratinisierungsprozesse und einige bisher noch nicht vollig verstandene Phanomene, wie das Konzentrationsverhaltnis von Muttersubstanz zu Metaboliten im Haar, erklaren. Nachvollziehbar wird auch, das der Einbau von Substanzen einerseits unabhangig von…
Influence of sample preparation on analytical results: drug analysis [GC/MS] on hair snippets versus hair powder using various extraction methods
The comparison of aqueous extraction methods and hair extraction by organic solvents performed on hair powder as well as on hair snippets of the same sample revealed different qualities of the procedures. Qualitative and quantitative results by the same derivatization step and GC/MS detection demonstrated, that the risk of missing a drug substance is higher using hair snippets than after drug extraction on pulverised hair. Drug recovery for opiates, cocaine and benzoylecgonine from hair was found to be best in aqueous solvents or in methanol extracts. The results are discussed under the aspects of solid-phase extraction, the hair sample representing an inhomogenous material. The localisatio…
On Pathways for Small Molecules Into and Out of Human Hair Fibers
This paper represents an experimental approach of histology of the human hair fiber in dyeing and diffusion phenomena and its contribution to the interpretation of hair analysis results for drug abuse. Rhodamine B was applied to human hair fibers from either aqueous solution or methanol/ethanol solvent. The experiments were performed on natural hair of different ethnic groups as well as on extensively bleached hair strands. The microscopical study of the pathway of diffusion of rhodamine B into the hair fibers indicated that the reagent had entered the unmodified fibers at the scale edges between the cuticle cells. At the beginning of the diffusion process intercellular diffusion was the pr…
Zum Suchtmittelnachweis in Haaren. VII. Untersuchungen bei Methadonpatienten unter konstanter Wirkstoffeinnahme
Bei 18 Patienten unter Methadonsubstitutionstherapie mit konstanter Dosis konnte bei Berucksichtigung des individuellen Haarwachstums keine zufriedenstellende Korrelation (r = 0,602) zwischen Aufnahmemenge und Methadongehalt im Haar gefunden werden. Die uber 4 Tage durchgefuhrten Sammeltests mit Perspirationspflaster bestatigten das Vorhandensein von Methadon und seinem Hauptmetaboliten auf der Hautoberflache und zeigten bei 6 Personen einen Beikonsum, dessen Substanzspektrum teilweise auch in den untersuchten Haarabschnitten nachzuweisen war.