Identification and localization of the NBS-LRR genes in pea

Vers des pois d'hiver plus performants

International audience; Le développement des légumineuses dans la sole française, facteur dedurabilité, doit faire face à des contraintes de production qui peuventpénaliser leur rentabilité. Des avancées significatives, obtenues en poisd’hiver, devraient accélérer le progrès génétique et favoriser cette culture.

SPECIFICS Sustainaible Pest Control in Fabacae-rich Innovative Cropping System. Growing protecting differently

Diversité et déterminisme génétique de l’aptitude du pois protéagineux (Pisum sativum) à la culture associée avec le blé (Triticum aestivum).

National audience; Les cultures en association avec des légumineuses sont aujourd’hui une des voies privilégiées pour développer une agriculture plus respectueuse de l’environnement. En effet, stabilisation de la qualité et de la productivité de la parcelle, diminution des apports azotés, meilleure gestion des adventices et pathogènes, meilleure nutrition des deux partenaires et augmentation de la diversité microbienne du sol sont autant de services éco-systémiques attendus vis-à-vis de ce type de culture. Cependant, peu de travaux ont porté sur l’aptitude génétique à l’association du pois avec d’autres espèces et notamment le blé, alors que nous disposons désormais d’outils de phénotypage …

Selection for root system architecture and nodulation in pea

Prod 2018-98b BAP GEAPSI INRA; National audience

Petit pois pour l’homme, grand pas pour l’humanité

International audience

Sélection pour l'architecture racinaire et les interactions symbiotiques chez le pois

National audience; La culture des légumineuses, et en particulier du pois, présente le double intérêt de permettre une production de graines à haute valeur nutritionnelle sans nécessité d’un apport d’engrais azoté et ainsi d’assurer à la fois sécurité alimentaire et respect de l’environnement. La nutrition azotée des légumineuses dépend en effet majoritairement de la fixation symbiotique de l’azote atmosphérique réalisée par des bactéries du sol, les rhizobia, au sein des nodosités, et dans une moindre mesure, de l’assimilation de l’azote minéral du sol par les racines. Cependant, la nutrition azotée du pois peut être insuffisante dans certains environnements et limiter ainsi le rendement d…

Use of translational genomics to identify genes important for legume seed filling

International audience; Translational genomics, i.e., the transfer of genetic information from model species to cultivated crops, is on the brink of revolutionizing plant breeding. The recent publication of genomic sequences for several cultivated legumes is also accelerating this process. For pea, recent highthroughput RNA sequencing, and the prospect of a genome sequencing project, will further accelerate the transfer of information from the Medicago truncatula model to the cultivated crop. We have been using genomics approaches with Medicago as a tool to identify key genes determining seed yield and composition in closely related legumes. Analyses of the proteome and transcriptome of the…

Quel impact de la génomique végétale sur l’innovation variétale : l’exemple du projet PeaMUST. Le génome du pois: vers de nouvelles strategies de sélection.

International audience; L’avancée des technologies « nouvelle génération » de séquençage de l’ADN permettent une connaissance de plus en plus poussée des génomes et de leur expression. Ces connaissances permettent d’approcher plus finement les déterminants moléculaires des traits phénotypiques et ouvrent des perspectives d’augmentation du progrès génétique dans le cadre de la sélection variétale. Le pois est une espèce modèle depuis les travaux de G. Mendel conduisant à la découverte des lois de l’hérédité. La séquence du génome de cette espèce longtemps délaissée des approches de génomique a récemment été obtenue par un consortium international piloté par l’INRAE (1,2). Dans le cadre du pr…

High-density genotyping of pea and faba bean diversity panels using exome capture

International audience; Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) represent a powerful tool to decipher the geneticdeterminism of complex traits in crop plants and to identify responsible genes. As GWAS require large diversitypanels segregating for the traits of interest, one faba bean and three pea collections were constituted toaddress different questions in the PeaMUST project. The faba bean panel comprises 248 accessions comingfrom five continents and displaying the phenotypic diversity of the species. The first pea collection includes239 accessions that represent the species diversity for aerial and root architecture and for biotic and abioticstress responses. The second and third pea pan…

Le projet PeaMUST

Le projet PeaMUST Adaptation Multi-STress et Régulations biologiques pour l’amélioration du rendement et de la stabilité du pois protéagineux. Ce projet est porté par l’UMR AgroEcologie, pole Génétique et Ecophysiologie. L’objectif du projet PeaMUST est de développer de nouvelles variétés de pois et d’optimiser leurs interactions avec les microorganismes symbiotiques du sol pour stabiliser le rendement et la qualité des graines de pois, dans le contexte du changement climatique et de la réduction de l’utilisation des pesticides. Différents stress sont responsables de l’instabilité du rendement du pois : les maladies majeures, le gel, la sécheresse et les fortes températures au moment de la …

A workflow to assemble plant mitochondrial genomes using long-reads: case study in Pisum sativum and Phaseolus vulgaris

Plant mitochondrial genomes are generally not used to study evolution within and between species. They are larger than animal mitochondrial genomes and evolve by accumulating rearrangements rather than mutations [1]. These characteristics make it difficult to obtain complete assemblies using short-reads like in mammals. To address this problem, we developed and tested a plant-based assembly workflow using Nanopore and Pacbio long-reads from Pisum sativum and Phaseolus vulgaris, respectively. Nanopore long-reads from Pisum sativum whole genome sequencing and Pacbio long-reads from Phaseolus vulgaris whole genome sequencing were mapped on all mitochondrial genomes available for legumes at NCB…

Beyond the sequencing of the pea genome: opportunities for genomics-based breeding and translational approaches

International audience; The tribe Fabeae comprises more than 300 legume species, including some of the most ancient and important crops like Pisum sativum (pea), Lens culinaris (lentil), and Vicia faba (faba bean) used for food and feed. The genome sequence of pea, released in 2019, is an important milestone for the community working on legumes and especially on Fabeae. It brings into light evidences related to the genome expansion that occurred after the divergence of Fabeae from their sister tribes and highlights different chromosomal rearrangement events specific or not to the Pisum lineage. The pea genome sequence also represents a valuable resource to accelerate our understanding of th…

Variabilité génétique pour la morphologie du système racinaire du pois. Impact sur la nutrition azotée

Dissection of pea responses to water stress during seed filling identifies candidate genes for drought tolerance

International audience; Given their ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen, legumes are pivotal to the development of sustainable agriculture in Europe as a source of protein for food and feed. Pea (Pisum sativum) is currently the leading grain legume crop in France and major efforts are being made to reintroduce legumes as protein crops in Europe. However, instability of seed yield and quality due to environmental fluctuations still represent a real barrier for the development of these cultures, and breeding for stable yields is needed. In pea, drought stress occurring during the reproductive phase can greatly affect seed yield and quality. We investigated the response of pea plants (var. Cam…

Identification des déterminants génétiques impliqués dans les défenses du pois contre le puceron Acyrthosiphon pisum.

National audience; Le pois (Pisum sativum) constitue une culture d’importance majeure parmi les légumineuses pour ses qualités de plante protéagineuse, notamment en Europe en réduisant la part de protéines végétales importées ainsi que pour son rôle dans la rotation des cultures en fixant l’azote atmosphérique dans le sol. Cependant, ces dernières années, les rendements ont été rendus instables dus aux contraintes biotiques et abiotiques. Pour lutter contre certains ravageurs, les producteurs ont recours à de grandes quantités de pesticides qui sont coûteuses et dangereuses pour l’environnement et la santé humaine. Pour ces raisons, des alternatives sont mises en œuvre tels que le développe…

Pea in the genomic era

Nitrogen uptake indicators and nitrogen accumulation in pea seeds

National audience

Plant resistance and architecture for protection of pulses against pathogens

Prod 2019-213c BAP GEAPSI INRA; National audience

Pea MUlti-STress adaptation and biological regulations for yield improvement and stability

National audience; Protein crops including pea are of high environmental and nutritional interest within the current context of climate change and reduction of inputs. However, pea yield irregularity due to multiple biotic and abiotic stresses limits its development in European cropping systems. Targetting muti-stress resistance and seed yield stability, PeaMUST (Pea MUlti-STress adaptation and biological regulations for yield improvement and stability) is an 8-year large French national project (2012- 2020) aiming at improving pea varieties to boost their introduction in cropping systems. Benefitting from an exceptional partnership of 28 public and private organisations and a wide range of…

Membres du comité d’organisation logistique local

International audience

Vers des variétés de légumineuses à graines mieux adaptées à l’alimentation humaine

National audience; Les légumineuses font partie des aliments de l’homme depuis les premiers âges de l’agriculture et sont très présentes dans les repas des pays en développement. Outre un apport en réserves carbonées qui selon les espèces sont à dominante d’amidons ou de lipides, ces graines riches en protéines enrichissent les régimes en acides aminés très complémentaires de ceux des céréales. L’aptitude des racines de légumineuses à établir une symbiose avec des bactéries rhizobiacées qui leur permet d’utiliser l’azote de l’air comme principale ressource d’azote, combinée à une consommation directe par l’homme de ces graines qui permet de diminuer la consommation de viandes, constituent u…

Non destructive nodulated root phenotyping of pea recombinant inbred lines

National audience

Key Note speaker Plant resistance and architecture for protection of pulses against biotic stresses

Prod 2019-88l BAP GEAPSI INRA DOCT; National audience; Major diseases and pests, such as root rots, ascochyta blights and aphids, are limiting factors to cool season pulse production in many countries worldwide, especially in Europe. In the context of pesticide reduction, plant genetic resistance and architecture are main traits that can be mobilised in breeding for disease and pest management. Knowledge of quantitative resistance to major diseases and pests of pea and faba bean in France has benefited from the development of sequenced genomes and massive SNP markers [1], which have recently been highly valuable to identify candidate genes controlling resistance. Fine mapping and sequencing…

Comparative genome-wide-association mapping identifies common loci controlling root system architecture and resistance to Aphanomyces euteiches in pea

BAP GEAPSI INRA; International audience; Plant architecture can contribute to decrease plant susceptibility to pathogens by favoring mechanisms leading to infection escape or increased tolerance. Combining genetic resistance with architectural traits that can negatively impact disease development is thus a strategy of great interest to reduce epidemics. Until now, most strategies exploiting plant architecture have focused on the aerial parts of plants. Few studies have been done on the identification of root system architecture (RSA) traits limiting root disease development and even less on their use in breeding. Aphanomyces euteiches, a soil-borne pathogen infecting roots, is a major limit…

We sequenced a legume genome: so what (for breeders)? Video Youtube.

Instants d'innovation Instants d'innovation, une série de 13 vidéos valorisant des projets de recherche partenariale soutenus par l’ANR à travers différents instruments de financement, et les enjeux sociétaux auxquels ils visent à répondre. Réalisation TheMetaNews

PeaMUST Introduction – Bilan du projet

National audience

Use of translational genomics to identify genes important for legume seed development

BAP Pôle GEAPSI; International audience; We have exploited the extensive synteny between the model legume Medicago truncatula and the cultivated garden pea, Pisumsativum, to identify loci controlling seed filling and seedcomposition in the crop species. QTLs for these traits are mapped by analyzing variation with in collections of recombinant inbred lines. Candidate genes with in the QTL intervals are identified by reference to the M.truncatula genomic sequence. This approach was used to uncover an endosperm subtilase that is associated with syntenic seed weight QTLs in Medicago and pea, and we discuss the possible role played by this enzyme in contributing to final seed weight.

Présentation de l'UMR Agroécologie et du pôle GEAPSI

National audience

The Pea genome and after...

Combining molecular microbial ecology with ecophysiology and plant genetics for a better understanding of plant-microbial communities' interactions in the rhizosphere.

18 pages; International audience

The pea genome... Now and After

Having a genome sequence available is a critical step towards unravelling functional diversity and establishing genome-enabled breeding. The recently generated pea genome sequence represents a great tool for genomicists, geneticists and breeders not only for the pea community but also for legume research. In the genome project, re-sequencing data revealed the considerable diversity present in the Pisum genus. In the PeaMUST and GRASP project, an unprecedented effort was made to genotype large pea collections using the exome capture technology. This high density SNP data was exploited in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on a large number of traits related to yield, symbiose, as well as…

The Pea genome and after …

Having a genome sequence available is a critical step towards unravelling functional diversity andestablishing genome-enabled breeding. The recently generated pea genome sequence represents a great toolfor genomicists, geneticists and breeders not only for the pea community but also for legume research. In thegenome project, re-sequencing data revealed the considerable diversity present in the Pisum genus. In thePeaMUST project, an unprecedented effort was made to genotype large pea collections using the exomecapture technology. This high-density SNP data was exploited in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) ona large number of traits related to yield, as well as response to biotic and ab…

The role of sulfur in the control of seed quality traits in legumes: from model to crop species

National audience; voir pdf

Genetic diversity for partner choice in a core collection of pea accessions inoculated by a mix of five Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae genotypes

National audience

Apport de la génétique : de nouveaux outils disponibles

National audience; Le pois est une culture aux nombreux atouts environnementaux et nutritionnels. Pourdynamiser son essor, des travaux sur la génétique ont permis de disposer de ressourceset d’outils prometteurs, développés notamment dans le projet PeaMUST.

Beyond Pisum sativum genome : a first overview of fabeae tribe using orthology

Pea (Pisum sativum L.) is the second most important grain legume in the world after common bean and Gregor Mendel’s original genetic model. With a genome size of 4.3Gb and a large amount of transposable element, Pisum sativum was lagging behind other important legume crops for genomics development. We reported the first annotated chromosome-level reference genome assembly for pea (J. Kreplak et al 2019). Compared to other sequenced Leguminosae genomes, the pea genome shows intense gene dynamics, most likely associated with genome size expansion when the Fabeae diverged from it’s sister tribes. Other species like Vicia faba, with genome larger than pea, are still not sequenced and the sequen…

Pea Genomics : What Else ?

BAP GEAPSIBAPGEAPSI; Legume use in arable rotations provides several significant ecological services that can help to meet the challenge of delivering high quality food in an environmentally sustainable manner. Among legumes, pea has long been a model species for geneticists. But despite its major role in the discovery of the laws of genetics by Mendel, the keys to decipher the impressive phenotypic diversity of the species have been lacking until recently. Under the impetus of large national and international programs, and driven by innovations in informatics and biotechnology, useful genomic resources are now available in pea. High precision mapping of the pea genome, an atlas of the expr…

Towards bruchid resistance in pulses

Prod 2019-88ff BAP GEAPSI INRA; National audience; Seed weevils (Bruchus spp.) are major pests of pulses, causing yield losses and affecting marketability 1,2 . Available insecticides have low efficiency and important negative impacts on the environment, humans and non-target organisms. Therefore, breeding resistant varieties represent the most promising strategy to overcome seed weevils. The pyramiding of several resistance genes in cultivars is an important objective because this will make the resistance more durable and suitable for sustainable agriculture. The PeaMUST project (ANR-11-BTBR0002) aims at discovering the mechanisms of tolerance and resistance to bruchids in pea (Pisum sativ…

Impact de la diversité génétique sur la construction des parois dans une collection de graines de légumineuses

National audience

Rhizosphere Bacterial Networks, but Not Diversity, Are Impacted by Pea-Wheat Intercropping

International audience; Plant-plant associations, notably cereal-legume intercropping, have been proposed in agroecology to better value resources and thus reduce the use of chemical inputs in agriculture. Wheat-pea intercropping allows to decreasing the use of nitrogen fertilization through ecological processes such as niche complementarity and facilitation. Rhizosphere microbial communities may account for these processes, since they play a major role in biogeochemical cycles and impact plant nutrition. Still, knowledge on the effect of intecropping on the rhizosphere microbiota remains scarce. Especially, it is an open question whether rhizosphere microbial communities in cereal-legume i…

L'amélioration de la qualité de la graine dans toutes ses dimensions, par le levier génétique

Les légumineuses sont capables d’accumuler des quantités importantes de protéines dans leurs graines même en l’absence d’engrais azoté, ce qui fait d’elles des espèces à haut potentiel pour relever les défis alimentaires et accompagner la transition agroécologique. Des avancées génétiques ont permis de réduire la présence de certains facteurs « anti-nutritionnels » dans les graines de pois et de féverole (exemple des variétés pauvres en tanins, en inhibiteurs trypsiques, ou en vicine et convicine). Afin de promouvoir l’utilisation de ces graines en alimentation humaine, il est nécessaire d’aller plus loin dans l’amélioration de leur valeur nutritionnelle, en termes de teneur et composition …

Bruchid resistance in pulses

Prod 2019-213a BAP GEAPSI INRA; National audience

NeoLeg, a graph database for translational research in pulses

Legumes, and especially pulses, are an important source of protein for food and feed, and are appreciated or their positive impact on the “one health”. However their yields are sometimes unstable and their tolerance to some biotic and abiotic stresses highlight the need for varietal improvement to increase the cultivated area and stabilize the production.With the advent of sequencing technologies, a large pool of genetic and genomic resources, heterogeneous at the inter- and intra-species scale, is emerging. Thus, it is now time to capitalize on these scattered heterogeneous data to develop translationnal research and boost breeding projects.To meet this need, we undertook the development o…

Les chercheurs ont réussi à séquencer leur génome : les petits pois vont-ils sauver la planète ?

Publié le jeudi 5 Septembre 2019 - 12:00Scientifiques cités d'après une dépêche AFPdaprès une dépèche AFP.,; National audience; Chaque matin, recevez l'essentiel de l'actualité nationale et internationalePartagezLe décryptage du génome du petit pois, réalisé pour la première fois par huit équipes de chercheurs pilotées par l’Inra, ouvre des perspectives très importantes pour la recherche. Tant pour nourrir la planète que pour lutter contre le réchauffement climatique. On décrypte.Pisum savitum, vous connaissez ? Mais si : c’est une légumineuse plus populaire sous le nom de petit pois. C’est surtout une espèce fétiche pour les généticiens du monde entier, car c’est sur un pois que le père de…

Determinism and genetic diversity of pea intercropping ability in peawheat association

Intercropping pea (Pisum sativum) with cereals stabilizes the yield and overall quality of the products in the context of low-input cropping conditions thanks to a more efficient use of resources through interspecific competitive interactions [1] . In order to develop this cropping system which increases the sustainability of agroecosystems, we have launched a survey of pea genetic variability for intercropping ability. Field experiments were carried out over two years using 11 phenotypically diverse pea genotypes associated with two contrasted wheat varieties (height, precocity). We characterized several functional architecture and phenology traits potentially impacting the interactions am…

Les avancées en génomique légumineuses à graines et perspectives

National audience

Genetic diversity of nodulated root structure and nitrogen nutrition in a core collection of pea

Pea (Pisum sativum) is the third most important grain legume worldwide, and the increasing demand for protein-rich raw material for animal feed or human nutrition has led to a greater interest in this crop as a protein source. Moreover, legumes do not need nitrogen (N) fertilizers, thanks to their natural ability to use, as main N resource, the atmospheric N2 from symbiosis in nodules with Rhizobiaceae spp. However, N nutrition can still be a limiting factor of yield and seed quality in legumes because nodules are very sensitive to their local environment, in particular to nitrate, and root systems of N2 fixing legumes are poorly developed, which makes them unable to explore a large soil vo…

Breeding annual legumes for sustainable agricultures must target for new and more complex variety ideotypes

International audience; Although yield and total biomass produced by annual legumes remain major objectives for breeders, environment-friendly, resource use efficient including symbiotic performance, resilient production in the context of climate change, adaptation to sustainable cropping systems (reducing leaching and glasshouse gas emissions), adaptation to diverse uses (seeds for feeds foods, non-food, forage or green manures), and finally new ecological services such as pollinator protection, imply the development of innovative genotypes, definition of new ideotypes and acceptance of their commercialisation. Taken as a whole, this means more complex and integrated objectives for breeder…

CA-SYS: A long term experimental platform on agroecology at various scales

National audience; The French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA) has established an ambitious, multiscale, agricultural experimental infrastructure (the CA-SYS platform) as a collaboration between the Research Unit, Agroécologie (Dijon, eastern France), and the Experimental Research Unit, Domaine d’Epoisses (20 km next to Dijon). CA-SYS covers an area of 120 ha, and is divided into 47 fields, each of which has drainage and can be irrigated, and will be initiated in autumn 2018. The aims of CA-SYS are to: i) design and evaluate new agroecological systems; ii) study the transition from current farming systems towards these new agroecological systems, with goals that include a…

Taking cool-season grain legume breeding to the next level: the key role of the pea genome sequence

International audience; The transition from a standalone phenotypic selection to a marker-assisted selection has been seen as a great step forward to improve the breeding process and reach the expected goals. More recently, the genomic revolution has also had its great impact on breeding. -omics are now part of the required toolkit for a successful, cost and time-efficient breeding. The genome sequence of pea (Pisum sativum) has been made available in 2019 through a collaborative international effort. This is a great tool for the pea community in general and the Fabeae community in particular. Current challenges facing pea and other Fabeae production are numerous. A large number of traits h…

A new journal on the legume research horizon - Legume Perspectives; Legume Perspectives Editorial Board

International audience; Through the decades of research on various legume species and crops worldwide, its results have been published in an endless number of national and international journals and magazines dealing with various topics. It is certain that the articles on genetics, propelled by Mendel’s pioneering work, are among the most numerous, but it is also true that those on agronomy, agro-ecology, or stress tolerance were produced rather abundantly. So far, there has not been a journal devoted specifically to legume science, except Legume Research published by the Agricultural Research Communication Centre, India. We have published our articles in several crop-specific journals, suc…

Association of SNP markers with pea grain protein and grain yield traits in Italy : preliminary results

Grain yield and quality are the main economically important traits in breeding of field pea (Pisum sativum L.). The objective of our work was investigating trait-marker associations in elite pea germplasm, with the final aim to develop marker-assisted selection procedures for these traits. The genetic base for this study was represented by three connected recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations obtained from paired crosses between three genotypes (the varieties Attika, Isard and Kaspa) which featured different geographical origin and outstanding adaptation to Italian cropping environments. At least 86 F7 lines per RIL generated by single-seed descent were evaluated for grain yield, plant …

Phylogeny and gene expression analyses of ammonium transporters (AMT) induced by mycorrhization and nodule symbiosis among Papilionoideae subfamily

The study of plant-microbe associations through nutrient exchanges has significantly improved our understanding of plant microbiome. Legume plants establish mutualistic associations with both rhizobial bacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi [1]. These symbioses improve mineral plant nutrition and increase plant resistance against biotic and abiotic stresses. Plant-microbe associations provide key features for the current agricultural and environmental challenges [2]. Translocation mechanisms of nitrogen from the fungal and rhizobial symbiotic interfaces to the plant are not well-defined yet. In Poaceae plant, inductions of specific ammonium transporters (AMT) genes [3, 4] and nitrogen/pe…

Genetic diversity and trait genomic prediction in a pea diversity panel

Background Pea (Pisum sativum L.), a major pulse crop grown for its protein-rich seeds, is an important component of agroecological cropping systems in diverse regions of the world. New breeding challenges imposed by global climate change and new regulations urge pea breeders to undertake more efficient methods of selection and better take advantage of the large genetic diversity present in the Pisum sativum genepool. Diversity studies conducted so far in pea used Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) and Retrotransposon Based Insertion Polymorphism (RBIP) markers. Recently, SNP marker panels have been developed that will be useful for genetic diversity assessment and marker-assisted selection. Resu…

Complementary approaches towards the discovery of genes controlling yield in pea

International audience; Pea is one of the most important grain legumes in the world. Improving pea yield is a critical breedingtarget in the current context of consumers’ increasing demand for plant proteins for food and feed. Becauseof its polygenic nature and the impact of the environment, breeding for higher yield is challenging. Weinvestigated the genetic determinism of yield (SW), seed number (SN) and thousand seed weight (TSW) usingboth linkage and linkage-disequilibrium approaches.Nine interconnected mapping populations, representing a total of 1,213 recombinant inbred lineswere phenotyped for SW, SN and TSW in six different field environments. These lines were genotyped usingthe Gen…

Root system architecture, nodulation and nitrogen nutrition in pea

National audience

Séquençage du génome du petit pois: les légumineuses vont-elles sauver la planète?

Publié le : Mercredi 04 Septembre 2019 - 17:09scientifiques cités. d’après une dépèche AFP; National audience; Le décryptage du génome du petit pois, réalisé pour la première fois par huit équipes de chercheurs pilotées par l'INRA, ouvre des perspectives très importantes pour la recherche, tant pour nourrir la planète que pour lutter contre le réchauffement climatique.Pisum sativum, une légumineuse plus connue sous le nom de petit pois, est une espèce fétiche pour les généticiens du monde entier, car c'est sur un pois que le père de la génétique moderne, le moine Gregor Mendel, s'était basé pour déterminer les premières lois de l'hérédité en 1866.Pour reconstituer la séquence de son génome,…

The pea genome and beyond

International audience; The recently generated pea genome sequence is a significant step for the pea research community towards unravelling functional diversity and establishing genome-enabled breeding. Re-sequencing data reveal the considerable diversity present in the Pisum genus. High-throughput genotyping is now available to explore large collections using the exome capture technology in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) or tackle map-based QTL cloning. Furthermore, genomic selection strategies have been developed in order to tackle complex traits such as yield regularity and improve selection efficiency. We will present snapshots of these results and discuss potential transfer of …

Dijon invente le pois du futur

National audience

CA-SYS : Plateforme collaborative d'expérimentation multi-échelles en agroécologie

National audience

Mobilisation of functional properties of diverse legumes species at various scales in the CA-SYS Long Term Experimental Platform on Agroecology: expected services and prospects

Projet PPR SPECIFICS : systèmes de culture sans pesticides et riches en légumineuses à graines

Caractérisation fonctionnelle des partenaires de l’association pois/blés pour l’optimisation d’agro-écosystèmes durables via le levier génétique

Des avancées en génétique pour lutter contre les stress

National audience; Plusieurs projets de recherche en cours aideront à créer des variétés résistantes à divers bioagresseurs (aphanomyces chez le pois et la lentille, botrytis chez la féverole, puceron chez le pois, bruche chez la féverole et lentille) et tolérantes aux stress abiotiques (gel, stress hydrique) à plus ou moins long terme selon la complexité du caractère.

Development of a knowledge graph framework to ease and empower translational approaches in plant research: a use-case on grain legumes

Legumes, and especially pulses, are an important source of protein for food and feed, and are appreciated for their positive impact on the “one health”. However, their unstable yields and their susceptibility to biotic and abiotic stresses highlight the need for varietal improvement in order to increase the cultivated areas and productivity. With the advent of sequencing technologies, a large pool of genetic and -omics resources, heterogeneous at the inter- and intra-species scale, is emerging. Thus, it is important to capitalize on these scattered heterogeneous data to develop translational research to boost breeding projects and crop diversification. To meet this need, we undertook the de…

Translational genomics for identifying the biological functions linked to pulse stress resistance and adaptation to agroecological cropping systems

Legumes, and especially pulses, are an important source of protein for food and feed, and areappreciated for their positive impact on the “one health”. However, their unstable yields andtheir susceptibility to biotic and abiotic stresses highlight the need for varietal improvement inorder to increase the cultivated areas and productivity. With the advent of sequencingtechnologies, a large pool of genetic and -omic resources, heterogeneous at the inter- and intraspecies scale, is emerging. Thus, it is important to capitalize on these scattered heterogeneousdata to develop translational research and boost breeding projects and crop diversification.To meet this need, we undertook the developme…

Resilient, water- and energy-efficient forage and feed crops for mediterranean agricultural systems: Final report

A la découverte du génome pois

National audience

Arguments de pois

Les légumineuses comme le pois et la féverole fournissent un capital de solutions pour les transitions alimentaires et agroécologique. Pour développer leur culture en France et en Europe, il faut disposer de variétés aptes à une production régulière et de qualité dans différentes conditions. Le projet PeaMUST, mené par INRAE, a construit les outils génomiques et prédictifs pour pouvoir sélectionner ces variétés.

ILS3 highlighted nice results and challenging opportunities for innovative research on grain legume. Legume Perspective

Pea in the genomic era

Pea in the genomic era. Séminaire IFR AIB (Agrobiosciences, Interactions & Biodiversité)

Programme PEAMUST

Contribution des systèmes des cultures riches en légumineuses à graines à la réduction des pesticides et nouveaux axes de recherche du projet du PPR-CPA, SPECIFICS

Le génome du petit pois décrypté

scientifiques cités d'après une dépèche AFP; National audience; Le décryptage du génome du petit pois, réalisé pour la première fois par huit équipes de chercheurs pilotées par l'INRA, ouvre des perspectives très importantes pour la recherche, tant pour nourrir la planète que pour lutter contre le réchauffement climatique.Pisum sativum, une légumineuse plus connue sous le nom de petit pois, est une espèce fétiche pour les généticiens du monde entier, car c'est sur un pois que le père de la génétique moderne, le moine Gregor Mendel, s'était basé pour déterminer les premières lois de l'hérédité en 1866.Pour reconstituer la séquence de son génome, "il a fallu ordonner plusieurs milliards de co…

Adapter la composition protéique des graines de légumineuses en fonction des usages

National audience

L'ADN du petit pois intégralement séquencé !

Le décryptage du génome du petit pois, réalisé pour la première fois par huit équipes de chercheurs pilotées par l'INRA, ouvre des perspectives très importantes pour la recherche, tant pour nourrir la planète que pour lutter contre le réchauffement climatique.Pisum savitum, une légumineuse plus connue sous le nom de petit pois, est une espèce fétiche pour les généticiens du monde entier, car c'est sur un pois que le père de la génétique moderne, le moine Gregor Mendel, s'était basé pour déterminer les premières lois de l'hérédité en 1866.Pour reconstituer la séquence de son génome, "il a fallu ordonner plusieurs milliards de courtes séquences d'ADN", a indiqué à l'AFP Judith Burstin de l'IN…

Impact of double symbiosis (arbuscular mycorrhiza and nodulation) on nitrogen uptake in the Papilionoideae subfamily

The study of plant-microbe associations through nutrient exchanges has significantly improved our understanding of plant microbiome. Leguminous plants establish mutualistic associations with both rhizobial bacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. These symbioses improve mineral plant nutrition and increase plant resistance against biotic and abiotic stresses. Plant-microbe associations provide key features for the current agricultural and environmental challenges.In Poaceae plant, inductions of specific ammonium transporters (AMT) genes and nitrogen/peptide transporters (NRF) genes have already been described during arbuscular mycorrhiza symbiosis. Similarly, in Papilionoideae, AMT and NR…

PeaMUST (2012-2019) – Pea Multi-Stress adaptation and biological regulations for yield improvement and stability

BAP GEAPSI INRA; International audience; PeaMUST (2012-2019) is a large French national project whose objective is to develop novel pea varieties and optimize plant-symbiotic interactions for stabilized seed yield and quality, in the context of climate change and pesticide reduction. With the involvement of 28 partners from the public and private sectors, it will take advantage of NGS sequencing, genotyping and phenotyping technologies, to tackle the challenge of multiple stresses that penalize the performance of the pea crop.

Développement de ressources génomiques : analyses de diversité pois et féverole et pangénome pois

Membre de la commission d’évaluation individuelle quadriennale de l’unité AGAP

L'accumulation des protéines dans les graines de légumineuses

The agroecological benefits of legumes and the renewed interest in the consumption of vegetable proteins stimulate researches on cognitive and applied aspects of seed biology aiming at optimizing protein composition of legume seeds. This article presents the state of knowledge on the genetic and environmental control of the accumulation of major proteins found in legume seeds, with a view to developing varieties with improved nutritional seed quality. It also shows how high-throughput genomics and post-genomics data, along with translational research aiming at transferring knowledge between model and crop species, can accelerate the identification of genes controlling the accumulation of st…

The contribution of M. truncatula to the understanding of complex developmental processes in legumes: the case for seed reserve accumulation

National audience

L’avenir des données, génotypes, animation de la communauté PeaMUST

National audience