Effects of Intranasal Oxytocin on Emotion Regulation in Insecure Adolescents: Study Protocol for a Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial

Background: Emotional dysregulation and impaired attachment are potential contributors to the development of psychopathology in adolescence. This raises the question of whether oxytocin (OT), the paradigmatic “attachment hormone,” may be beneficial in such contexts. Recent evidence suggests that intranasal administration of OT increases affiliative behavior, including trust and empathy. OT may also facilitate social reciprocity by attenuating the stress response to interpersonal conflict. To date, few studies have investigated the effects of intranasal oxytocin (IN-OT) on neurophysiological emotion regulation strategies in healthy adolescents, particularly during parent-adolescent interacti…

Le « tri par carte » : une méthode de recherche devenant outil d’aide à la décision dans les situations de fin de vie du patient Alzheimer

Behavioral and Neural Arguments of Motivational Influence on Decision Making During Uncertainty

The scientific world is increasingly interested in motivation, primarily due to the suspected impact on decision-making abilities, particularly in uncertain conditions. To explore this plausible relationship, 28 healthy participants were included in the study and performed decision-making and motivational tasks while their neural activity was recorded. All participants performed the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) and were split into two groups based on their score, one favorable group with 14 participants who performed advantageously and one undecided group with 14 participants who failed to develop the correct strategy on the IGT. In addition, all participants performed the Effort Expenditure fo…

L’emploi de méthodes mathématiques pour détecter la présence de potentiels évoqués dans le coma : un aide ou un fardeau ?

Un des defis majeurs auxquels sont confrontes les services de reanimation est de pouvoir predire precisement et precocement vers quel etat evoluera la conscience des patients dans le coma pour anoxie cerebrale. Afin d’obtenir des indices directs sur l’etat cerebral fonctionnel, l’emploi des potentiels evoques est recommande, et notamment l’enregistrement de la negativite de discordance (MMN). La MMN est une onde cerebrale apparaissant entre 100 et 200 ms apres l’apparition d’un nouveau stimulus dans une sequence de stimuli identique et sa presence est un signe fort de recuperation. Le standard dans la determination de la presence d’une onde MMN en pratique clinique est l’analyse visuelle pa…

Empowering Translation of New Ideas - A EIT Health ClinMed Summer School Overview

Translational research training is crucial to convert academic research ideas into efficient real-life solutions. In this paper a summer school supported by EIT Health is presented. Its main goal is to integrate clinical knowledge in the development of new medical devices, from ideas to post-market approval, in the clinics. Students were immersed in clinical centres where they had close contacts and engaged discussions with clinicians and patients to identify and assimilate clinical unmet needs. From this immersive stage resulted innovative solutions that were further investigated with the support of plenary lectures and by interaction with experts of the medical field, from clinicians to M…

The Relevance of a Conductor Competition for the Study of Emotional Synchronization Within and Between Groups in a Natural Musical Setting

Group emotional dynamics are a central concern in the study of human interaction and communication. To study group emotions, the social context of a musical event in ecological conditions may overcome several limits of laboratory experiments and could provide a suitable ecological framework. This study aimed to evaluate if cultural events such as a conductor competition could welcome scientific research for the study of group emotional sharing. We led an observational study, which suggests that in this particular context, public, musicians and jury would agree to participate and to wear neurophysiological and physiological devices to monitor their emotional state during the competition. Sel…

Proceedings of Réanimation 2017, the French Intensive Care Society International Congress

Cortical Patterns of Pleasurable Musical Chills Revealed by High-Density EEG

Music has the capacity to elicit strong positive feelings in humans by activating the brain’s reward system. Because group emotional dynamics is a central concern of social neurosciences, the study of emotion in natural/ecological conditions is gaining interest. This study aimed to show that high-density EEG (HD-EEG) is able to reveal patterns of cerebral activities previously identified by fMRI or PET scans when the subject experiences pleasurable musical chills. We used HD-EEG to record participants (11 female, 7 male) while listening to their favorite pleasurable chill-inducing musical excerpts; they reported their subjective emotional state from low pleasure up to chills. HD-EEG results…

Event-Related Potentials (ERP) Indices of Motivation during the Effort Expenditure for Reward Task

Dynamic and temporal facets of the various constructs that comprise motivation remain to be explored. Here, we adapted the Effort Expenditure for Reward Task, a well-known laboratory task used to evaluate motivation, to study the event-related potentials associated with reward processing. The Stimulus Preceding Negativity (SPN) and the P300 were utilized as motivation indicators with high density electroencephalography. The SPN was found to be more negative for difficult choices compared to easy choices, suggesting a greater level of motivation, at a neurophysiological level. The insula, a structure previously associated with both effort discounting and prediction error, was concomitantly a…

"Card sorting" : a tool for research in ethics on treatment decision-making at the end of life in Alzheimer patients with a life threatening complication

Abstract Background End stage dementia is a particularly difficult aspect of care for patients with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. In care institutions, caregivers and family are concerned by treatment decision-making for an acute life threatening complication occurring in Alzheimer patients at the end of life. How should the best treatment pathway be decided: to treat or not to treat? Which arguments are used for decision-making? These are mainly ethical questions which are currently difficult to express and investigate. Methods/Design Cross sectional multicentre study of clinical cases involving 67 health centres (university hospitals, general hospitals, local hospitals and ho…

Interbrain emotional connection during music performances is driven by physical proximity and individual traits.

How musical emotions and the pleasure derived from music, regardless of the musical valence, can be shared between individuals is a fascinating question, and investigating it can shed light on the function of musical reward. We carried out our investigations in a natural setting during an international competition for orchestra conductors. Participants (n = 15) used a dedicated smartphone app to report their subjective emotional experiences in real time while we recorded their cerebral activity using electroencephalography and their electrodermal activity. The overall behavioral real-time behavioral ratings suggest a possible social influence on the reported and felt pleasure. The physicall…

Prevalence and characteristics of prisoners requiring end-of-life care: A prospective national survey

Background: Ensuring adequate end-of-life care for prisoners is a critical issue. In France, data investigating the impact of laws allowing release of seriously ill prisoners are lacking. Aim: To assess the number and characteristics of prisoners requiring palliative care in French prisons. Design: A prospective, national survey collecting data over a 3-month period. Setting/participants: All healthcare units ( n = 190) providing care for prisoners in France. The prison population was 66,698 during the study period. Data collection concerned prisoners requiring end-of-life care, that is, with serious, advanced, progressive, or terminal illness and life expectancy <1 year. Results: Estima…