Utilizzo di immagini in multispettrale da satellite per lo studio della variabilità di alcuni parametri vegetativi e produttivi del vigneto

Effetti della cultivar e del regime colturale sulla risposta spettrale della chioma di Vitis vinifera L.

Table-Grape Cultivation in Soil-Less Systems: A Review

Table grape (Vitis vinifera L.) is considered to be one of the most popular fruit crops in the world. Italy is the leading table-grape producer in the EU and is the main European exporting country. However, to stay competitive, new solutions and perspectives, including varietal renovation, are now needed in addition to the already well-established Italian table-grape production lines consisting of conventional open-field cultivation and greenhouse cultivation. One of these new perspectives is represented by the development of table-grape soil-less cultivation systems (TGSC) under greenhouse. In fact, TGSC systems are alleged to offer many advantages in terms of the advancement of berry matu…

Approccio GIS (Geografical Information System) per la stima dei parametri produttivi del vigneto

Effetti della dimensione degli acini sui parametri qualitativi nella cv Cabernet Sauvignon

Effetti di intensità ed epoche di defogliazione sui parametri vegeto-produttivi e sulla qualità dell'uva della cv Nero d'Avola

The trial was carried out over the seasons 2012-2013. A defoliation in prebloom, fruitset and veraison phenological stages was performed and several vegetative, productive and qualitative parameters were assessed. Prebloom and fruitset defoliation resulted in a strong vegetative regrowth and in a reduction of cluster compactness and berry weight. Sugar content at harvest showed significant differences depending on the meteorological condition of the season. Anthocyanins and flavonoids synthesis was favored by leaf removal practice in the coldest season; vice versa in the hottest season the highest bunch exposure in defoliated treatments determined extreme berry temperature and an intense de…

RELATION BETWEEN ROW AND LEAF ORIENTATION OF SYRAH/101-14 MGT

Vegetative and reproductive parameters evaluation of alternative plant material

Dead vines are often a problem in many vineyards and are due to physiological or pathological causes whereby the vines need to be replaced. The replacement operation is a real cost for the direct costs of the plant material, for its planting and for their different management during the current year or in the two years after the replacement, determining also vineyard variability. When replacement is performed in the first years after vineyard establishment it is quite easy, whereas many issues occur when replacement is later, particularly issues considering roots competition. To reduce replacement problems, the use of “alternative plant material” has been evaluated. The “alternative vines” …

Nero d’Avola. Nota I - Effetti del tipo di potatura sull’attività vegetativa e produttiva

Ruolo dell’irrigazione nella moderna viticoltura: vantaggi e criticità

Hierarchy of factors impacting grape berry mass: separation of direct and indirect effects on major berry metabolites

Final berry mass, a major quality factor in wine production, is determined by the integrated effect of biotic and abiotic factors that can also influence berry composition. Under field conditions, interactions between these factors complicate study of the variability of berry mass and composition. Depending on the observation scale, the hierarchy of the impact degree of these factors can vary. The present work examines the simultaneous effects of the major factors influencing berry mass and composition to create a hierarchy by impact degree. A second objective was to separate the possible direct effects of factors on berry composition from an indirect effect mediated through their impact on…

The agricultural heritage of Lampedusa (Pelagie Archipelago, South Italy) and its key role for cultivar and wildlife conservation

As occurred on many other little Mediterranean islands, agricultural activity at Lampedusa (Strait of Sicily) underwent a very strong decline in terms of surface area during the second half of the last century. In particular, cereal crops have ceased and horticulture is disappearing, while vineyards still occupy a reduced area but are quickly vanishing and currently survive thanks to a small number of old farmers. Here are presented the results of a research carried out by interviewing seven farmers in order to study not only the techniques and the germplasm used in local viticulture, but also the final use of grapes and an evaluation on the connection between traditional farming and agro-e…

Transcriptional responses to pre-flowering leaf defoliation in grapevine berry from different growing sites, years, and genotypes

Leaf removal is a grapevine canopy management technique widely used to modify the source–sink balance and/or microclimate around berry clusters to optimize fruit composition. In general, the removal of basal leaves before flowering reduces fruit set, hence achieving looser clusters, and improves grape composition since yield is generally curtailed more than proportionally to leaf area itself. Albeit responses to this practice seem quite consistent, overall vine performance is affected by genotype, environmental conditions, and severity of treatment. The physiological responses of grape varieties to defoliation practices have been widely investigated, and just recently a whole genome trans…

Gestione Idrica

Comportamento vegeto-produttivo ed eco-fisiologico di viti allevate fuori suolo in coltura protetta.

EFFECTS OF LIGHT REDUCTION AT BLOOM ON FRUITS SET IN BLACK MAGIC TABLE GRAPES CV IN EARLY AND LATE PRODUCTION CICLES

A shading experiment in ‘Black Magic’ cv was conducted in Sicily to test a new thinning method, aiming to reduce the no. berries/cluster, maximising quality and value of the production. A reduction of intercepted light was imposed at the 65 stage of the BBCH scale (50% cap fall) for 12 days. The soilless greenhouse conditions allowed two growing cycles occurring under different climate conditions, an early (end of March flowering) and a late production cycle (beginning of August flowering). During the shade treatment, net photosynthetic rate was significantly reduced by 82% and 96% in the late and early production cycles, respectively. The sum of flowers and berries dropped in the untreated…

Uva da tavola: quale futuro?

Coltivazione: concimazione

Application of anti-transpirant to control sugar accumulation in grape berries and alcohol degree in wines obtained from thinned and unthinned vines of cv. Falanghina (Vitis vinifera L.)

In the last few decades, the accumulation of sugar in grape berries and hence the alcohol degree of wines has been affected by increasing global temperatures. In order to limit plant photosynthetic activity, it is possible to apply anti-transpirant on field, reducing sugar accumulation in berries. In this contest, our aim was to evaluate the efficiency of the application of a di-1-p-menthene-based natural anti-transpirant (Vapor Gard&reg

Shoot Positioning: Effect on Physiological, Vegetative and Reproductive Parameters

Comportamento vegeto-produttivo di viti gestite in asciutto e con strategia di deficit idrico controllato realizzato mediante diversi metodi irrigui

La doppia produzione annuale nella viticoltura da tavola in Sicilia

Aromatic compounds in "Zibibbo" grape, bush and VSP trained in Pantelleria Island. Preliminar results

Vitigni autoctoni siciliani, un valore aggiunto che cresce

Autotetraploid Emergence via Somatic Embryogenesis in Vitis vinifera Induces Marked Morphological Changes in Shoots, Mature Leaves, and Stomata

Polyploidy plays an important role in plant adaptation to biotic and abiotic stresses. Alterations of the ploidy in grapevine plants regenerated via somatic embryogenesis (SE) may provide a source of genetic variability useful for the improvement of agronomic characteristics of crops. In the grapevine, the SE induction process may cause ploidy changes without alterations in DNA profile. In the present research, tetraploid plants were observed for 9.3% of ‘Frappato’ grapevine somatic embryos regenerated in medium supplemented with the growth regulators β-naphthoxyacetic acid (10 µM) and N6-benzylaminopurine (4.4 µM). Autotetraploid plants regenerated via SE without detectable changes in the …

High-throughput 18K SNP array to assess genetic variability of the main grapevine cultivars from Sicily

The viticulture of Sicily, for its vocation, is one of the most important and ancient forms in Italy. Autochthonous grapevine cultivars, many of which known throughout the world, have always been cultivated in the island from many centuries. With the aim to preserve this large grapevine diversity, previous studies have already started to assess the genetic variability among the Sicilian cultivars by using morphological and microsatellite markers. In this study, simple sequence repeat (SSR) were utilized to verify the true-to-typeness of a large clone collection (101) belonging to 21 biotypes of the most 10 cultivated Sicilian cultivars. Afterwards, 42 Organization Internationale de la Vigne…

Impact of vine water status on berry mass and berry tissue development of Cabernet franc (Vitis vinifera L.), assessed at berry level

Background Berry size is considered an important quality factor in red wine production. The objective of this work was to study the effect of vine water status on berry mass in field conditions, with a specific focus on berry tissue masses. Results The study was carried out over 2 years in a plot located in Sicily (Italy). Two irrigation treatments were established. Dynamic evolution of berry mass and berry tissue masses at harvest were recorded. Berries produced under water deficit conditions were smaller and characterized by a higher skin-to-flesh ratio. However, this ratio did not change when berry mass varied independently from vine water status, showing coordinated growth of flesh and …

Quality of grapes grown inside paper bags in Mediterranean area

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of paper bagging of grape bunches on the morphological, mechanical, and chemical characteristics of berries of three table grapes varieties as an environmentally-friendly technique for protecting clusters from biotic and abiotic agents. Clusters of Italia, Autumn Royal, and Regal Seedless grape cultivars were bagged and compared to a not-bagged control. Air temperature inside and outside the bags was monitored. Bunch weight and length, number of berries per bunch, berry longitudinal and transversal diameter, berry mass, number of seeds per berry (normal in size and aborted), soluble solid content, titratable acidity, and skin color by CIEL…

Coltivazione: irrigazione

From soil to soil-less in horticulture: quality and typicity

In this review, the technique of soil-less cultivation of horticultural crops is analysed, the main differences between this and traditional cultivation techniques are described, and the advantages and disadvantages of each method in relation to the others are identified. Soilless cultivation has revolutionised various sectors of vegetable and floriculture production, and recent years have also seen interest being shown by Italian fruit crop producers, particularly those involved in table grape viticulture. The various issues related to the use of this technique are described in relation to the needs of the substrate, water management, and mineral nutrition of the different species, and to …

La gestione del vigneto siciliano per la produzione di uva di qualità e la riduzione dei costi.

Il livello qualitativo dell’uva è di fondamentale importanza per l’ottenimento di un prodotto enologico di qualità. La produttività della vite, sia in termini qualitativi che quantitativi, è determinata dall’interazione tra il genotipo, l’ambiente e le tecniche colturali Sin dall’impianto, il viticoltore dovrebbe essere impegnato ad effettuare scelte colturali finalizzate a ridurre la variabilità tra le piante. La gestione del sistema vigneto deve essere indirizzata alla riduzione dei costi di produzione ed al miglioramento della qualità. In tal senso, il cambiamento che sta subendo l’impostazione e la gestione della spalliera in Sicilia è un aspetto positivo. Attraverso le diverse tecniche…

Effetto della cultivar e del regime colturale sulla risposta spettrale della chioma in Vitis vinifera L.

Lo studio consente di caratterizzare le risposte spettrali all’invaiatura di chioma ed acino di alcune cultivar a bacca nera della piattaforma ampelografica siciliana. La variabilità tra le risposte spettrali delle foglie all’interno della stessa chioma, nonché le variazioni spettrali anche al variare del regime irriguo consentono di effettuare un’analisi comparativa delle cultivar. In questo quadro, le firme spettrali integrano la descrizione ampelografica di chioma e bacche che caratterizza la Vitis Vinifera L.. Infine l’applicazione su un’area pilota di tecniche di classificazione di immagini remote basate sulle caratteristiche spettrali delle cultivar, consente di valutarne le performan…

ULTERIORI APPROFONDIMENTI DEGLI EFFETTI DELLA DIMENSIONE DEGLI ACINI SULLA QUALITA’ DELL’UVA NELLA CV CABERNET SAUVIGNON

In this study we reported the results of a second year of study conducted during 2008 season on irrigated Cabernet Sauvignon\ 1103 P vineyard. We addressed the study of whether differences in berry size (within a population of berries from different bunches) would lead to differences in qualitative parameters and whether flowering process can influence berries variability and qualitative parameters. Berries were classified at pea size into two categories according to their equatorial diameter: ≤ 7 mm as small and ≥ 9 mm as large berries. Development of the two berry categories was evaluated from “pea size” (12th June) to harvest (16th September) in terms of berry mass, equatorial berry diam…

La viticoltura da tavola in fuori suolo

Pre dawn, stem and leaf water potential evolution in Vitis vinifera L. cv Nero d’Avola/1103 P. under different water regime

Pre dawn, stem and leaf water potential evolution under different water regime were investigated in Nero d’Avola cultivar grafted onto 1103 Paulsen. The study was carried out in Rapitalà winery located in Alcamo DOC area in western Sicily. The vines were 2.4 m x 0.95 m spaced, for a density of 4385 vines/ha. Vines were trained to a vertical trellis system, spur pruned. The vineyard was drip irrigated (4 l/h). Three treatments were applied: 1. vines grown without irrigation water: dry condition; 2. vines irrigated until véraison with 560 m3 : late stress; 3. vines irrigated until ripeness with 1120 m3 : no stress. The aim of the study was to find the different behaviors of Ψp, Ψl e Ψs during…

Phototropic and Geotropic Shoot Orientation: Effect on Physiological, Vegetative and Reproductive Parameters

Orientamento dei filari e sfogliatura: effetti sulla qualità dell’uva nella cv Cabernet Sauvignon

La prova è stata svolta, nelle stagioni vegeto-produttive 2006 e 2007. Un trattamento di defogliazione precoce (DP) è stato, eseguito nel periodo compreso tra l’allegagione e la fase acino pisello (ø = 5 mm), mentre un trattamento tardivo (DT) è stato effettuato all’invaiatura (ø = 10,5 mm). Nel 2006, gli acini provenienti dalle piante defogliate precocemente hanno raggiunto il massimo contenuto di antociani per acino con circa 15 giorni di anticipo e con un valore superiore rispetto a quelli della tesi controllo, mentre nel 2007 l’ondata di calore verificatasi in agosto ha annullato gli effetti del trattamento. Il trattamento DT, esponendo gli acini a intensi flussi radiativi, ha causato, …

La Malvasia delle Lipari – caratterizzazione Viticola ed Enologica

Effect of irrigation and soil type on root growth and distribution of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Nero d'Avola grown in Sicily

Innovazione di processo nel comparto dell'uva da tavola: due produzioni nello stesso anno adottando la tipologia produttiva del fuori suolo

Tests were conducted in 2011; was studied the chance to develop two production cycles in the same year. For both cycles were used plants set up in 2010. The two production cycles were conducted during "winter-spring" and the second during the "summer-autumn". For the second cycle were used two different types of plants. Production levels reached in the second cycle were satisfying in terms of quantity and quality for both types of plants. Cumulative production amount to 70 tons/ha.

Coltivazione: impianto

VERIFICA DELL’ATTECCHIMENTO DEGLI INNESTI-TALEA DI VITE DOPO LA FORZATURA MEDIANTE TECNICHE TERMOGRAFICHE E MECCANICHE

Grafting is an important technique for getting good yields in plant multiplication. Understanding the success of the graft after the incubation room is important to the evaluation of the suitable grafting for the open field (nursery). Successful grafting in vines requires the development of a functional vascular system between the scion and the rootstock. The graft compatibility and its augmentation depend upon various natural factors like environment, weather, soil conditions and protective measures etc. The present study examines the capability of thermography, mechanical and electrical techniques to assess the graft quality and successful of Vitis vinifera after the incubation room. Afte…

Combined influence of bud load and bud position along the cane on vegetative and reproductive parameters of grape cv. Grillo

Cultivar Grillo vines are characterized by problems with flower biology (the fertility of basal buds) and fructification (millerandage). In this study, to manage the variability in bunch weight with winter pruning and to program others canopy management practices (i.e. early defoliation), three different treatments of bud load were set up by leaving the cane with 3, 6 or 10 buds. The effects of bud load and cane length were studies regarding bud fertility, shoot leaf area, and the number of flowers and berries, as well as the relationship between leaf area and percentage of fruit set, leaf area/flower and percentage of fruit set, and the number of hens and chicks berries. Shoots in the dist…

Effetti del regime colturale e della sfogliatura sull'attività vegetativa e produttiva della cultivar 'Nero d'Avola'

In Sicilia, caratterizzata da estati calde e poco piovose l’irrigazione e gli interventi in verde rivestono una grande importanza nella definizione del risultato produttivo e qualitativo del vigneto. È stato perciò condotto uno studio, confrontando in due differenti suoli argillosi, piante defogliate all’allegagione con piante non defogliate, in condizioni di regime asciutto e di regime irriguo, gestito, quest’ultimo, col potenziale fogliare pre-dawn. Da un’analisi dell’attività vegeto-produttiva delle piante e qualitativa delle uve sono emerse differenze significative tra i trattamenti, tra i regimi irrigui e in alcuni casi è emerso anche un effetto interazione. La defogliazione precoce ha…

Cover Crop and Pruning Residue Management to Reduce Nitrogen Mineral Fertilization in Mediterranean Vineyards

This paper aimed to study the effect of temporary cover crop and vine pruning residue burial as alternative practices to conventional tillage on soil nitrate (NO3-N) availability and grapevine performance in the short term. The trial was carried out in a rain-fed vineyard (Vitis vinifera L., cv Grecanico dorato/140 Ruggeri) located in a traditional Mediterranean viticultural area (37&deg

Effect of artificial shading on the tannin accumulation and aromatic composition of the Grillo cultivar (Vitis vinifera L.)

Abstract Background White wine quality, especially in warm climates, is affected by sunlight and heat stress. These factors increase the probability that ambering processes will occur and reduce the potential flavour compounds. This study aimed to investigate the effect of sunlight reduction on the accumulation of polyphenolic and aromatic compounds. Results This study was conducted in a commercial vineyard containing V. vinifera L. cv Grillo. Opaque polypropylene boxes (100% shading) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) net bags (50% shading) were applied at fruit set. The effect of the shaded treatments was compared to the exposed fruit treatment. The shaded treatments resulted in heavier…

ESTIMATION OF LEAF AREA BY MEANS OF LINEAR REGRESSION EQUATION IN VITIS VINIFERA L.: LIMITS AND ADVANTAGES

The aim of the study was to calculate regression model between leaf area and shoot length to obtain leaf area evaluation by indirect method and the factors influencing this relathionship. This research was carried out for 4 years in a vineyard located in Trapani area on three red cultivars grafted onto 1103 p, trained to simple cordon system and pruned with different methods. The vines were drip irrigated. High correlation existed between leaf area and shoot length and no influence played numerousness of samples. b1 of linear regression showed an increment of values at veraison than at berry set, because of b1 increment in lateral shoots in manual pruning and in the main lateral shoots for …

LA GESTIONE DEL VIGNETO SICILIANO

Analisi multitemporale delle relazioni tra parametri produttivi e indice di vegetazione in viticoltura

L’efficacia degli interventi agronomici dipendono dalla capacità di programmazione in termini di tempo e intensità di intervento. Questultimi aspetti possono essere calibrati tramite una corretta conoscenza delle caratteristiche produttive e qualitative dei parametric di campo e della loro variabilità nel tempo e nello spazio. La viticoltura di precisione fornisce un supporto valido alla definizione della variabilità di campo e temporale dei parametric vegetative e produttivi. Questo lavoro sintetizza due anni di viticoltura di precisione in Sicilia, nelle campagne agronomiche consotte nel 2012 e 2013 in due aziende vitivinicole “Tenute Rapitalà” e “Donnafugata”. L’indice di vegetazione nor…

Soil and Regulated Deficit Irrigation Affect Growth, Yield and Quality of ‘Nero d’Avola’ Grapes in a Semi-Arid Environment

The present work studied the effect of two consecutive years of regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) compared to rain fed management on the vegetative growth, yield, and quality of ‘Nero d’Avola’ grapes. The trial was conducted separately in two soils (vertisol and entisol) located at the top and bottom hillside of the same vineyard. Vertisol was characterized by greater depth, organic matter, exchangeable K20, and total N than entisol. RDI was based on an irrigation volume at 25% of estimated crop evapotranspiration (ETc) up to end of veraison and 10% of estimated ETc up to 15 days before harvest. Predawn water potential (PDWP) was used as indicator of plant water status and irrigation timin…

EFFECT OF CANOPY MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES ON THE NUTRITIONAL QUALITY OF MONTEPULCIANO GRAPEVINE IN PUGLIA (SOUTHERN ITALY)

<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Aims</strong>: Tests were carried out to assess the effects of early defoliation, cluster thinning and cluster cutting on the basic and nutritional composition of musts and wines of <em>Vitis vinifera</em> L. cv. Montepulciano.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Methods and results</strong>: Both production and quality variables of the musts were evaluated. Antioxidant activity was determined on berries and on wines, as were the phenol and anthocyanin concentrations. The wines were compared by sensory evaluation. The results attested to a positive effect of the treatments on grape compositi…

EFFETTI DELL'INCISIONE ANULARE SUL COMPORTAMENTO VEGETO-PRODUTTIVO DELLA CULTIVAR DI UVA DA TAVOLA VITTORIA

Il comparto delle uve da vino e quello delle uva da tavola. evoluzione e innovazione per prodotti di qualità.

Andamento del contenuto idrico del suolo e del potenziale idrico di base in diversi regimi idrici e tipi pedologici in Vitis Vinifera L.

The Viticulture of Lampedusa, a heritage which is disappearing before being known.

The study is focused on the viticulture of the island of Lampedusa, located in the strait of Sicily 113 km from the African coast and 205 km from the Sicilian coasts. It is a study that has no previous recorded documentations. The research was conducted on the island to a various number of vineyard farmers in order to describe cultivation techniques and the grape germplasm utilized. Viticulture is present on several tens of hectares but in recent years is vanishing quickly and currently survives thanks to a small number of old farmers who still practice agriculture. Moreover, the strong competition for land use strongly linked to tourism, makes the survival of farming in general even more p…

Funzionalità fogliare ed efficienza della chioma in Vitis vinifera L

This review first revisits current knowledge about single-leaf function, viz. photosynthesis, chiefly in relation to environmental factors, that underscores the importance of multiple summer stresses. Emphasis is placed on the response different genotypes show under light and heat stress with or without soil-water shortage. Secondly, it tackles the thorny issue of extrapolating single-leaf readings to the whole-canopy level, with special reference to both methodological and physiological implications. Whole-canopy gas-exchange systems deliver and emphasise the usefulness of such an approach in achieving key research goals. One case in point is quantifying the amount and dynamics of canopy g…

Considerazioni sulla coltivazione in fuori suolo dell'uva da tavola

Effetto dell'epoca di sfogliatura sul comportamento vegeto produttivo della cv Cabernet Sauvignon in Sicilia

La Qualità dell'uva italiana può vincere la sfida della globalizzazione

Ottenere cloni moderni

La coltivazione dell'uva da tavola in fuori suolo: stato attuale e prospettive

L’applicazione della tipologia produttiva del fuori suolo nella viticoltura da tavola rappresenta oggi, a distanza di un decennio dall’inizio della sperimentazione condotta in Sicilia, una valida opportunità di diversificazione dei sistemi produttivi nel comparto della viticoltura da tavola. In Sicilia, tale tipologia si è sviluppata con la finalità di ottenere precocità di raccolta, di ampliare il calendario di offerta e di incrementare le produzioni per unità di superficie rispetto ai sistemi “tradizionali” in serra. Gli impianti di vite in fuori suolo realizzati in questi ultimi anni testimoniano un interesse sempre maggiore verso l’impiego di questa tipologia produttiva. L’attività di r…

La gestione dell'irrigazione in vitis vinifera L. adottando la strategia di "Deficit idrico controllato" in ambiente caldo-arido

EFFECT OF ARTIFICIAL SHADING ON POLYPHENOLIC ACCUMULATION AND AROMATIC COMPOSITION OF GRILLO CV (VITIS VINIFERA L.)

Comportamento vegeto-produttivo della cultivar Nero d’Avola sottoposta a diversi regimi idrici in differenti profili pedologici.

Root hydraulic conductivity in three self-rooted and grafted table grape cultivars

<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Aim</strong>: Root hydraulic conductivity is one of the main factors that control water flow in the soil-plant system and ultimately affect crop irrigation requirements. This work sets out to estimate root water conductivity for three self-rooted or grafted table grape cultivars.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Methods and results</strong>: We evaluated root water conductivity of the cultivars ‘Black Magic’, ‘Matilde’ and ‘Victoria’ grafted onto 1103 Paulsen rootstock or self-rooted. Measurements were performed on two-year-old table grapes grown in pots filled with pumice. Root water conductivity wa…

Summer pruning in table grape

This paper reviews cultural practices to improve fruit quality in table grape during vegetative and reproductive seasons. Summer pruning in table grape (Vitis vinifera L.) has more effects than winter pruning, above all with regard to plant productivity and final number of bunches for harvesting. Thinning is one of the most cultural technique and it consists in the elimination of vegetative or reproductive organs in excess. Other summer canopy management techniques include leaf removal, fruit shoots positioning, shoot trimming and girdling.

Comportamento vegeto-produttivo di piante di vite (vitis vinifera l., cv. cabernet sauvignon) sottoposte ad assenza di irrigazione e a stress idrico moderato indotto da diversi sistemi di irrigazione

Response of grapevine (Cabernet Sauvignon cv) to above ground and subsurface drip irrigation under arid conditions

Abstract The response of wine grapes to irrigation systems was investigated in a Cabernet Sauvignon/140 Ru vineyard in sandy loam soil in Sicily during a two-year study. Two different drip irrigation systems were evaluated: one surface drip and two subsurface drip irrigation systems, with the trickle line located at different distances from vine trunks. Vegetative and quantitative parameters, must quality and root distribution were compared among irrigation treatments. During the two study years, irrigation of grapevines via a subsurface drip system resulted in greater water use efficiency without affecting must composition. Establishing the trickle line near the trunk positively influenced…

Anti-Transpirant effects on vine physiology, berry and wine composition of cv. Aglianico (Vitis vinifera L.) grown in South Italy

In viticulture, global warming requires reconsideration of current production models. At the base of this need there are some emerging phenomena: modification of phenological phases

Genetic structure and molecular variability of grapevine fanleaf virus in sicily

Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) is one of the main causes of grapevine fanleaf degeneration disease (GFDD) and is present in almost all areas where grapevine is cultivated. In this work, we ascertained the presence and spread of GFLV in different commercial vineyards in four Sicilian provinces (Italy), and its genetic structure and molecular variability were studied. In detail, a total of 617 grapevine samples of 11 autochthonous grapevine cultivars were collected in 20 commercial vineyards. Preliminary screening by serological (DAS-ELISA) and molecular (RT-PCR) analyses for ArMV (arabis mosaic virus) and GFLV detection were conducted. Results obtained showed the absence of ArMV in all the s…

VITICOLTURA E QUALITA'

MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF ANCIENT GRAPE SEEDS FROM A SINK IN THE MIDDLE-AGE TOWN OF PALERMO

The archaeological excavations in Piazza della Vittoria, in the Roman-Middle Age town of Palermo (Sicily) put in light a sink 3.20 m deep and 1 square m. large, partially filled by thin organic sediments. Grape seeds (grape-stones), fish scales and few vertebrate bones have been found in specific strata sealed under a stratum chronologically attributed to Islamic Middle-Age period (a post-quem limit). The finding of well preserved grape seeds is peculiar and their study opens the opportunity to improve the actual knowledge about evolution, cultivation, use and trade of Vitis L. in the Mediterranean area. This preliminary work focuses on morphologic and morphometric analysis of the ancient g…