A Third Emerging Stage for the Current Digital Society? Optimal Parenting Styles in Spain, the United States, Germany, and Brazil

We propose a new paradigm with three historical stages for an optimal parenting style (i.e., indulgent parenting style), which extends the traditional paradigm of only two stages (i.e., authoritarian and authoritative parenting styles). The three stages concur, at the same time, in different environments, context, and cultures. We studied the third stage for optimal parent&ndash

Public responses to intimate partner violence against women: the influence of perceived severity and personal responsibility.

This paper explored public willingness to act when exposed to cases of intimate partner violence against women, by analyzing the influence of perceived severity and personal responsibility on two types of responses: mediating and reporting to the police. Results (N = 419) yielded main effects of personal responsibility for both types of responses. No main effects of perceived severity were found. A significant interaction between perceived severity and personal responsibility was found only for reporting responses. Results are discussed in light of the helping behavior research tradition. Implications for public education and advocacy programs are also considered. Marisol.lila@uv.es; Enriqu…

El estilo de socialización familiar como factor de prevención o riesgo para el consumo de sustancias y otros problemas de conducta en los adolescentes españoles

El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar el estilo de socializacion familiar como un factor de prevencion o riesgo para el consumo de sustancias con una muestra de 673 adolescentes espanoles de 14-17 anos (M = 15,49; DT = 1,06) de los cuales el 51,7% eran mujeres. Todos ellos completaron la Escala de Estilos de Socializacion Parental en Adolescentes (ESPA29), y una escala de consumo de sustancias, ademas como criterios complementarios respondieron a una escala de comportamientos delictivos y a otra de conducta escolar disruptiva. Se aplico un MANOVA factorial (4×2×2) con el consumo de sustancias, los comportamientos delictivos y la conducta escolar disruptiva entre los estilos de socializac…

Macrosocial determinants of social integration: Social class and area effect

Theory and research on social support have paid little attention to the existence of important macrosocial variables determining level and content of social relationships. This study examines variations in social integration as a function of social class and residential area characteristics. Results for 234 subjects living in high and low risk neighbourhoods indicated that differences between higher and lower social class groups follow different patterns in different residential areas. Also, same social class position appeared to have different significance as a function of residential area characteristics. The levels of three social integration measures—community integration and satisfacti…

When Adolescents with High Self-Concept Lose their Engagement in School // Cuando se pierde la motivación escolar de los adolescentes con mejor autoconcepto

Engagement in school and self-concept are two main constructs to explain the school adjustment. To understand how engagement might change during adolescence, we analyzed early and middle adolescents’ engagement in school (cognitive, affective, behavioural, and personal agency) as a function of their level of self-concept. Participants were 685 adolescents, 296 males (43.2%) and 389 females between 11-17 years old. Among early adolescents, students with high self-concept always reported more cognitive, affective, behavioural, and personal agency engagement than students with low self-concept. However, among middle adolescents, students with high self-concept reported only higher affective an…

The Convenience of Applying Multilevel Modeling on Real Estate Valuation

There are many economic agents interested in valuing big amounts of real estate assets. One of these agents are the financial institutions, which must value their vast mortgage portfolios periodically. In this paper we analyze the use of the Hierarchical Linear Model to value real estate portfolios. This model gives valuable information compared with the traditional OLS models and is more accurate, as it takes into account the hierarchical structure of the data. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ICBM.2015.1314

Which parenting style is more protective against adolescent substance use? Evidence within the European context

BACKGROUND: This study examines whether authoritative parenting style (characterized by warmth and strictness) is more protective against adolescent substances use than authoritarian (strictness but not warmth), indulgent (warmth but not strictness) and neglectful (neither warmth nor strictness) parenting styles. Emergent research in diverse cultural contexts (mainly Southern European and Latin American countries) questions the fact that authoritative would always be the optimum parenting style. DESIGN: Multi-factorial MANOVAs. PARTICIPANTS: A sample of 7718 adolescents, 3774 males (48.9%), 11-19 year-olds (M=14.63 year-olds, SD=1.9 years) from Sweden, United Kingdom, Spain, Portugal, Slove…

Cover Picture: Nanoscale Deposition of Single-Molecule Magnets onto SiO2 Patterns (Adv. Mater. 2/2007)

The cover shows a schematic of scanning probe nanolithography based on the spatial confinement of an oxidation reaction within a water meniscus, and its application for fabricating ordered arrays of cationic Mn12 single-molecule magnets. Romero, Coronado, Garcia, and co-workers report on p. 291 that electrostatic interactions between the molecules and trapped charges within the nanodots drive the positioning of the molecules at the nanoscale.

Male Police Officers’ Law Enforcement Preferences In Cases of Intimate Partner Violence Versus Non-Intimate Interpersonal Violence

This article explores male police officers’ law enforcement preferences across different scenarios of interpersonal violence, involving intimate (partner violence against women) and non-intimate relationships (between- and within-gender). The influence of police officers’ sexist attitudes and empathy on their law enforcement preferences was also analyzed within and across these scenarios. The sample consisted of 308 male police officers. Results showed that police officers prefer a stronger and unconditional law enforcement approach in cases of violence against women, both in intimate and non-intimate relationships. Benevolent sexism was linked to a preference for a more conditional law en…

Linfoma primario hepático: un diagnóstico a tener en cuenta en pacientes con infección por el virus de la hepatits C

Use of alcohol, tobacco, cannabis and other drugs in adolescence: effects of family and neighborhood

El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar los factores de protección o riesgo de los estilos educativos parentales para el consumo de alcohol, tabaco, cannabis y otras drogas, considerando la interacción de los estilos parentales con la peligrosidad del barrio. A partir de las respuestas de 628 adolescentes, 369 mujeres (58.8%) y 259 hombres (41.2%) entre 15 y 17 años (M = 16.03 años, DT = 0.79 años), se clasificaron las familias según el estilo educativo (autorizativo, indulgente, autoritario o negligente) y el riesgo percibido en el barrio (alto o bajo). Los resultados no mostraron interacciones, pero sí efectos principales de los estilos educativos y del riesgo percibido. Los adolescentes…

¿Qué estilo de socialización parental es el idóneo en España? Un estudio con niños y adolescentes de 10 a 14 años

ResumenEl objetivo de esta investigacion fue analizar que estilo de socializacion parental es idoneo en Espana midiendo el ajuste psicosocial de los hijos. Una muestra con 948 ninos y adolescentes de 10 a 14 anos (52% mujeres) indicaron las practicas de socializacion de sus padres. Las familias se clasificaron en una de las cuatro tipologias clasicas (autorizativa, autoritaria, indulgente o negligente) a partir de las respuestas de los hijos al PARQ/C (Rohner, 1990). Se usaron como criterios las cinco dimensiones del autoconcepto medidos por el AF5 (Garcia y Musitu, 1999), seis indicadores de ajuste psicologico medidos por el PAQ (Rohner, 1990), tres indicadores de competencia personal y tr…

Do irresponsible corporate activities prevent membership in sustainable stock indices? The case of the Dow Jones Sustainability Index world

Abstract The study analyses the real-life results from the DJSI World selection process and investigates whether companies are treated differently because of sectoral or geographical diversification needs of the index; furthermore, the question whether its methodology penalises ESG-related irresponsible corporate activities is investigated. The last is an important issue, as it is not unusual to find constituents of sustainable indices implicated in corporate scandals. This is a striking fact, contradicting the ethical and sustainable imperative such companies are supposed to comply with. The authors scrutinise data from a data panel containing 2872 firms between 2011 and 2016 and estimate …

The difficulty of applying exclusion criteria in ethical portfolios

A main problem for socially responsible investors is deciding which companies should be included in their investment portfolio. Small investors may decide not to invest in companies they know are not behaving responsibly. Therefore, discredited companies will not be included in their portfolios, as they will understand those companies cannot be defined as ethical. To implement this procedure properly and apply it to big portfolios is a complex exercise which requires big amounts of information and the problems faced by investors applying such exclusion criteria to select their portfolio.

School adjustment among Spanish adolescents: influence of parental socialization / El ajuste escolar en los adolescentes españoles: influencia de la socialización parental

AbstractThe values and attitudes toward education that parents transmit to their children considerably affect their school adjustment. The aim of this study was to analyse the relationships between academic adjustment in Spanish adolescents and parental socialization styles. Participants in the study were 487 adolescents (53.9% females) between 12 and 14 years old (M = 13.13, SD = 0.79). Based on their responses on a parental socialization scale, families were classified according to the classic four parenting styles typology (authoritative, indulgent, authoritarian or neglectful). Academic performance, number of school years repeated, academic self-concept and disruptive school behaviour w…

Mass appraisal of residential real estate using multilevel modelling

Mass appraisal, or the automatic valuation of a large number of real estate assets, has attracted the attention of many researchers, who have mainly approached this issue employing traditional econometric models such as Ordinary Least Squares (OLS). However, this method does not consider the hierarchical structure of the data and therefore assumes the unrealistic hypothesis of the independence of the individuals in the sample. This paper proposes the use of the Hierarchical Linear Model (HLM) to overcome this limitation. The HLM also gives valuable information on the percentage of the variance error caused by each level in the hierarchical model. In this study HLM was applied to a large dat…

Validation of the Five-Factor Self-Concept Questionnaire AF5 in Brazil: Testing factor structure and measurement invariance across language (Brazilian and Spanish), gender and age

Self-concept is widely conceptualized as multidimensional (Shavelson et al., 1976). The Five-Factor Self-Concept Questionnaire (AF5, Garcia and Musitu, 2009) assesses five specific dimensions (i.e., academic, social, emotional, family, and physical). It is a psychometrically sound questionnaire, developed, and normed in Spain, which is widely used with Spanish-speaking samples. The validation of the AF5 in Brazil would expand its potential, and would facilitate cross-cultural research. To validate the Brazilian version of the AF5, the present study apply confirmatory factor analysis and multi-sample invariance analysis across sex (women vs. men), age (11-18 years old), and language (Brazili…

Parenting and adolescent adjustment: The mediational role of family self-esteem

The present study analyzes the relationship between parental socialization practices, acceptance/involvement, and strictness/ imposition, and different indicators of adolescent adjustment, taking into account the role of family self-esteem. A sample of 848 Spanish adolescents (54.70% females) ranging in age from 14 to 18 years old (M = 16.11, SD = 1.10) participated in the study. A series of structural equations models (SEMs) were tested to examine the mediational role of family self-esteem in the relationship between parenting practices and the outcome variables that capture adolescent adjustment: emotional instability, antisocial behavior, and academic achievement. The influence of parent…

Nanoscale Deposition of Single-Molecule Magnets onto SiO2 Patterns

bet on a silicon oxide template while the rest ofthe macroscopic surface remains free of molecules. Local oxi-dation was used to fabricate silicon oxide nanopatterns, eitherdots or stripes, over a Si (100) surface coated with a SAM.Their width ranged from 30 to 500 nm whereas the lengthcould be modified from a few nanometers up to several mi-crometers. Nanoscale direct assembly arose from a combina-tion of three factors: i) the strength of the attractive electro-static interactions between the molecules and the local oxides;ii) the weak repulsive interaction between the molecules andthe unpatternedsurface; and iii) the size of the nanopattern.Local oxidation nanolithography (LON) allows the…

The Inclusion of Socially Irresponsible Companies in Sustainable Stock Indices

Social rating agencies implement complex filters to identify the companies with the best sustainable and social performance and help investors select the companies for their sustainable portfolios. This study analysed whether companies that are defined as ethical, sustainable and socially responsible by those agencies actually deserve this label. More specifically, the inclusion in the prestigious Dow Jones Sustainability Index (DJSI) World of companies that have been involved in controversies according to the Thomson Reuters Eikon database was studied. The results show that the inclusion of irresponsible companies in the DJSI Index is a fact. This outcome is in line with previous studies t…

Consumo de alcohol, tabaco, cannabis y otras drogas en la adolescencia: efectos de la familia y peligro del barrio

El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar los factores de protección o riesgo de los estilos educativos parentales para el consumo de alcohol, tabaco, cannabis y otras drogas, considerando la interacción de los estilos parentales con la peligrosidad del barrio. A partir de las respuestas de 628 adolescentes, 369 mujeres (58.8%) y 259 hombres (41.2%) entre 15 y 17 años (M = 16.03 años, DT = 0.79 años), se clasificaron las familias según el estilo educativo (autorizativo, indulgente, autoritario o negligente) y el riesgo percibido en el barrio (alto o bajo). Los resultados no mostraron interacciones, pero sí efectos principales de los estilos educativos y del riesgo percibido. Los adolescentes…

Actitudes de la policía ante la intervención en casos de violencia contra la mujer en las relaciones de pareja: influencia del sexismo y la empatia

This study analyzed the influence of sexism (benevolent and hostile) and empathy on police attitudes towards intervening in partner violence against women (preferences to enforce the law depending on whether the victim is willing to press charges against the offender). The sample was 409 police officers. Results from a 2x2x2 factorial design yielded main effects of benevolent sexism, and a significant interaction between hostile sexism and empathy. Implications for training and selection of police officers working in the area of partner violence against women are considered.

Protective and Risk Factors for Adolescent Substance Use in Spain: Self-Esteem and Other Indicators of Personal Well-Being and Ill-Being

Although self-esteem has traditionally been considered as an important correlate of psychosocial adjustment, some empirical studies have found a positive relationship between some domains of self-esteem and drug use among adolescents. The present study analyzes self-esteem and other adjustment personal indicators as protective or risk factors for substance use. Participants were 644 Spanish adolescents aged 12&ndash

Police attitudes toward policing partner violence against women: do they correspond to different psychosocial profiles?

This study analyzed whether police attitudes toward policing partner violence against women corresponded with different psychosocial profiles. Two attitudes toward policing partner violence were considered—one reflecting a general preference for a conditional law enforcement (depending on the willingness of the victim to press charges against the offender) and the other reflecting a general preference for unconditional law enforcement (regardless of the victim’s willingness to press charges against the offender). Results from a sample of 378 police officers showed that those police officers who expressed a general preference for unconditional law enforcement scored higher in other-oriented…

Group Versus Individual Cognitive Treatment for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Changes in Severity at Post-Treatment and One-Year Follow-up

Background: Very few studies have compared the efficacy of individual and group cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) for the treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) by taking into consideration the change in OCD severity in both the short and long term. Aims: To conduct an open trial of individual versus group CBT for OCD, comparing the clinical and statistically significant changes in severity both at post-treatment and one year later. Method: Forty-two OCD subjects were assigned to individual (n = 18) or group CBT (n = 24, in four groups). Sixteen and 22 subjects completed the treatment in the individual and group conditions, respectively. The Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale w…

Parenting and Adolescents’ Self-esteem: The Portuguese Context // Parentalidad y autoestima en la adolescencia: El contexto portugués

Este estudio analiza las relaciones entre los estilos parentales y el ajuste psicosocial (autoestima) de los adolescentes en la cultura portuguesa. La muestra estuvo formada por 517 adolescentes, 214 varones (41,39%), con edades entre los 11 y los 18 anos. Se uso la Escala de Socializacion Parental (ESPA29) para determinar los estilos parentales (autoritativo, autoritario, indulgente y negligente), y la Escala de Autoestima Multidimensional (AF5) que mide las cinco dimensiones de la autoestima: academica, social, emocional, familiar y fisica. Los resultados de este estudio mostraron que los adolescentes de familias indulgentes puntuaron igual o incluso mejor que los de familias autoritativa…

Parenting Styles and Aggressive Adolescents: Relationships with Self-esteem and Personal Maladjustment

ABSTRACT Current emergent studies are seriously questioning if parental strictness contributes to adolescent adjustment. This study examined whether the relationship between authoritative (warmth and strictness), authoritarian (strictness without warmth), indulgent (warmth without strictness), and neglectful (neither warmth nor strictness) parenting styles shows equal or different pattern of adjustment and maladjustment for aggressive and non-aggressive adolescents. The sample consisted of 969 Spanish adolescents, 554 females (57.2%) and 415 males, ranging from 12 to 17 years old. Families were classified into one of four typologies by their scores on warmth and strictness, and the adolesce…

Autoconcepto y consumo de sustancias en la adolescencia

Este estudio analiza la relacion entre el autoconcepto evaluado con una medida multidimensional, el cuestionario Autoconcepto Forma 5 (AF5), y el consumo de sustancias en los adolescentes. A partir de las respuestas de 632 adolescentes (47,5% mujeres), entre 12 y 17 anos (M = 14,88 anos, DT = 1,71 anos), los resultados mostraron relaciones negativas entre el autoconcepto familiar, academico y fisico, y el consumo de sustancias. Si bien se encontraron aparentes relaciones positivas con la dimension social del autoconcepto, estas relaciones desaparecieron al controlar el efecto estadistico del sexo y la edad de los adolescentes. Ademas, se incluyen otros indices de ajuste (psicologico, compet…

Estilos parentales y resultados de la socialización familiar a corto y largo plazo: un estudio con adolescentes y adultos mayores españoles

ABSTRACT In this study, the association between parenting styles and short- and long-term socialization outcomes was analyzed using a two-dimensional model of four types of parenting styles. The socialization outcomes analyzed were self-esteem and internalization of social values. Participants were a sample of Spanish adolescents (n = 571) and older adults (n = 527). Results showed that both adolescents and older adults from indulgent families reported equal or even higher self-esteem than those from authoritative households, whereas those from neglectful and authoritarian homes were consistently associated with the lowest levels of self-esteem. Regarding internalization of social values, a…

Parental Socialization and Its Impact across the Lifespan

Classical studies have found that parental warmth combined with parental strictness is the best parental strategy to promote children&rsquo

Parenting Warmth and Strictness across Three Generations: Parenting Styles and Psychosocial Adjustment

Recent emergent research is seriously questioning whether parental strictness contributes to children’s psychosocial adjustment in all cultural contexts. We examined cross-generational differences in parental practices characterized by warmth and practices characterized by strictness, as well as the relationship between parenting styles (authoritative, indulgent, authoritarian, and neglectful) and psychosocial adjustment in adulthood. Parenting practices characterized by warmth (affection, reasoning, indifference, and detachment) and strictness (revoking privileges, verbal scolding, and physical punishment) were examined. Psychosocial adjustment was captured with multidimensional self-conce…

The Indulgent Parenting Style and Developmental Outcomes in South European and Latin American Countries

This chapter reviews recent literature analysing relationships between parenting styles and developmental outcomes. As opposed to traditional results obtained with Euro-American samples, evidence from emergent research in South European and Latin American countries indicates that adolescents from indulgent families scored equal or even better than those from authoritative families in many key indicators of psychosocial adjustment, and that the indulgent parenting appears as the optimum parenting style in these samples. This research suggests that authoritative parenting is not always necessarily associated with optimum developmental outcomes and that relationships between parenting styles a…

La evaluación de la socialización familiar: ESPA29

Traditionally, family socialization has been conceptualized as an important correlate of psychological well-being and a basic theoretical construct for explaining adjusted and adaptive behaviors into society. The assessment of the socialization process requires of a theoretical perspective that conceptualizes how parents can influence their children. Based on the classic two-dimensional model of socialization, with the dimensions of acceptance/involvement and strictness/imposition, four parenting styles were defined: indulgent, authoritative, neglectful and authoritarian. The ESPA29 scale is suitable for evaluation of family socialization.

Neighborhood Risk, Parental Socialization Styles, and Adolescent Conduct Problems

Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la influencia de los estilos parentales de socialización (autoritario, autorizativo, indulgente y negligente) y el nivel de riesgo percibido en el barrio en tres indicadores de problemas de conducta en la adolescencia (conducta escolar disruptiva, delincuencia y consumo de sustancias). La muestra está compuesta por 1.017 adolescentes, con edades comprendidas entre los 12 y 17 años. Los resultados obtenidos a partir de cuatro diseños factoriales multivariados revelaron únicamente efectos principales de los estilos parentales y del nivel de riesgo percibido en el barrio. Los adolescentes de padres indulgentes y autorizativos presentaron menores probl…

Alcohol use and abuse and motivations for drinking and non-drinking among Spanish adolescents: do we know enough when we know parenting style?

Objective: We examine parenting styles (characterized by warmth and strictness, i.e., neglectful, indulgent, authoritarian and authoritative) as either a protective or risk factor for adolescence d...

Parental Socialization Styles and Psychological Adjustment. A Study in Spanish Adolescents // Los estilos parentales de socialización y el ajuste psicológico. Un estudio con adolescentes españoles

Contribuyendo al actual debate de la literatura acerca del estilo educativo parental optimo para el mejor ajuste psicosocial de los hijos, el objetivo de este estudio fue analizar que estilo se relaciona con el mejor ajuste psicologico de los adolescentes espanoles. Participaron en el estudio 772 adolescentes, 358 hombres (46.4%) y 414 mujeres (53.6%), entre 12 y 17 anos ( M = 14.95, DT = 1.59). Se clasifico a las familias segun su estilo de actuacion (autorizativo, indulgente, autoritario o negligente). Como criterios se evaluaron autoconcepto y desajuste psicologico en sus medidas multidimensionales. Los resultados muestran que el estilo indulgente, basado fundamentalmente en el afecto y …

In-Depth Proteomic Characterization of Classical and Non-Classical Monocyte Subsets

Monocytes are bone marrow-derived leukocytes that are part of the innate immune system. Monocytes are divided into three subsets: classical, intermediate and non-classical, which can be differentiated by their expression of some surface antigens, mainly CD14 and CD16. These cells are key players in the inflammation process underlying the mechanism of many diseases. Thus, the molecular characterization of these cells may provide very useful information for understanding their biology in health and disease. We performed a multicentric proteomic study with pure classical and non-classical populations derived from 12 healthy donors. The robust workflow used provided reproducible results among t…

Perceived paternal and maternal acceptance and children's outcomes in Colombia

The relationship between perceived paternal and maternal acceptance and children's adjustment was analyzed. The sample consisted of 234 children and 234 parental figures (mother or primary female caregiver, and father or primary male caregiver) living in two-parent nuclear families in Colombia. The children's age range was 7 to 13 (M = 9.7). Children completed the Parental Acceptance-Rejection Questionnaire (Child PARQ mother and father versions; Rohner, 1990), and the Personality Assessment Questionnaire (PAQ; Rohner, 1990). Parents completed the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL; Achenbach & Edelbrock, 1983). The analyses revealed that perceived paternal and maternal acceptance were both…

Barrios de Riesgo, Estilos de Socialización Parental y Problemas de Conducta en Adolescentes

Este articulo tiene como objetivo analizar la influencia de los estilos parentales de socializacion (autoritario, autorizativo, indulgente y negligente) y el nivel de riesgo percibido en el barrio en tres indicadores de problemas de conducta en la adolescencia (conducta escolar disruptiva, delincuencia y consumo de sustancias). La muestra esta compuesta por 1.017 adolescentes, con edades comprendidas entre los 12 y 17 anos. Los resultados obtenidos a partir de cuatro disenos factoriales multivariados revelaron unicamente efectos principales de los estilos parentales y del nivel de riesgo percibido en el barrio. Los adolescentes de padres indulgentes y autorizativos presentaron menores probl…

Ambivalent sexism, empathy and law enforcement attitudes towards partner violence against women among male police officers

Police attitudes towards partner violence against women (PVAW) can play an important role in their evaluation and responses to this type of violence. The present study aims to examine ambivalent sexism and empathy as determinants of male police officers' law enforcement attitudes towards PVAW. The study sample was composed by 404 male police officers. Results suggested that male police officers scoring low in benevolent sexism expressed a general preference for unconditional law enforcement (i.e. regardless of the victim's willingness to press charges against the offender), whereas those scoring high in benevolent sexism expressed a preference for conditional law enforcement (i.e. depending…

Medida del resultado de las intervenciones sanitarias en España: una aproximación mediante el análisis temporal y espacial de la mortalidad evitable entre 1986-2001

Fundamento: Muchos estudios proponen la mortalidad evitable (ME) como indicador para monitorizar los servicios de salud aunque su generalización está limitada por el gran número de listas de causas utilizadas. El objetivo es analizar la evolución temporal del período 1986-2001 y la distribución geográfica de la mortalidad evitable utilizando una lista de causas consensuada. Métodos: Se analiza la mortalidad evitable global (ME) y agrupada en causas ISAS (intervenciones de los servicios sanitarios) y causas IPSI (políticas intersectoriales). Se analiza la evolución temporal ajustando una recta de regresión de Poisson o un modelo de regresión de Joinpoint, según el caso, y se estima el porcen…

PERCEIVED NEIGHBORHOOD VIOLENCE, PARENTING STYLES, AND DEVELOPMENTAL OUTCOMES AMONG SPANISH ADOLESCENTS

This article analyzed perceptions of neighborhood violence of Spanish adolescents (N = 1,015) from authoritative, authoritarian, indulgent, and neglectful families, and its association with three sets of developmental outcomes (psychological, behavioral, and academic). Tests of main and interactive effects were conducted to answer research questions regarding the potential moderating role of perceived neighborhood violence on the relationship between parenting styles and developmental outcomes. Results yielded only main effects of parenting styles and perceived neighborhood violence on developmental outcomes, as well as an interaction between gender and perceived neighborhood violence. Pare…

Police involvement in cases of intimate partner violence against women: the influence of perceived severity and personal responsibility.

The influence of perceived severity and sense of personal responsibility of police officers on their level of involvement in cases of intimate partner violence against women is analyzed. Three levels of police involvement are considered: low, medium, and high. The sample consists of 143 Spanish police officers. A 2 × 2 × 3 factorial design is conducted to test hypotheses. Effects of perceived severity and personal responsibility are found only at the highest level of police involvement. For low and medium levels of involvement, no differences in perceived severity and personal responsibility of police officers are found.

“The effectiveness of rapid antigen test-based for SARS-CoV-2 detection in nursing homes in Valencia, Spain”

The usefulness of the PANBIOTM COVID-19 Ag rapid test for SARS-CoV-2 infection detection has not been widely studied, especially in specific population groups such as the elderly who are institutionalized. Rapid diagnostic tests have the potential to benefit testing strategies, as they have short turnaround times, they are cheap, simple to perform and can be used in decentralized testing. The objective of this study is to show the performance of the PANBIOTM COVID-19 Ag Rapid test device conducted at geriatric institutions and to compare results to those obtained from RT-PCR. A total of 448 individuals were enrolled in the study, including both residents and employees. Nasopharyngeal swabs …

Self and Nature: Parental Socialization, Self-Esteem, and Environmental Values in Spanish Adolescents

Emergent research seriously questions the use of parental strictness as the best parenting strategy in all cultural contexts. Moreover, previous research on environmental socialization offers inconsistent findings about which specific parenting practices would be the most appropriate for environmental socialization. The present paper aims to examine parents&rsquo

Causas de fallecimiento en pacientes con el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana: ¿son diferentes en la era del tratamiento antirretroviral de gran actividad?

Parenting styles and short- and long-term socialization outcomes: a study among Spanish adolescents and older adults

En este estudio se analizaron los estilos parentales de socialización familiar y sus resultados a corto y largo plazo aplicando el modelo de dos dimensiones y cuatro tipologías de socialización. Los resultados de la socialización parental analizados en los hijos fueron la autoestima y la internalización de los valores sociales. Los participantes fueron adolescentes (n = 571) y adultos mayores (n = 527) españoles. Los resultados indicaron que tanto los adolescentes como los adultos mayores de las familias indulgentes mostraron igual e incluso mayor autoestima que los de las familias autorizativas, mientras que los de las familias autoritarias y negligentes se asociaban de manera consistente …

Parenting in the digital era: Protective and risk parenting styles for traditional bullying and cyberbullying victimization

Abstract This study analyzes the parenting styles that could act as risk or protective factors for bullying and cyberbullying victimization in Spain, considering the predisposition to aggression of the adolescents. The protective or risk effect of parenting styles for adolescents' related behavior such as antisocial behavior, school adjustment, and self-esteem was also analyzed. Study sample was 1109 adolescents aged between 12 and 17 years (49.96%, females, M = 13.88, SD = 1.38). A 4 × 2 × 2 × 2 MANOVA was applied for the outcome variables of bullying victimization (traditional bullying and cyberbullying), antisocial behavior, school adjustment, and self-esteem; with parenting style, predi…

The Differentiation and Promotion of Students’ Rights in Portugal

This investigation includes a differential study (Study 1) and a quasi-experimental research (Study 2). In Study 1, the objective was to establish to what extent students’ rights existed and analyse the differentiation between students’ rights with Portuguese and immigrant mothers, throughout school years. The sample consisted of 537 students with Portuguese and immigrant mothers, distributed by different school years (7th, 9th and 11th grades). The Children’s Rights Scale (Hart et al., 1996; Veiga, 2001) was used. In Study 2, the purpose was to analyse the effects on students’ rights of the use by teachers of a communicational intervention program, supervised by school psychologists. The s…

General Statistical Framework for Quantitative Proteomics by Stable Isotope Labeling

Pedro J. Navarro et al.

Group versus individual cognitive treatment for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Changes in non-OCD symptoms and cognitions at post-treatment and one-year follow-up

Current cognitive approaches postulate that obsessions and compulsions are caused and/or maintained by misinterpretations about their meaning. This assumption has led to the development of cognitive therapeutic (CT) procedures designed to challenge the dysfunctional appraisals and beliefs patients have about their obsessions. Nonetheless, few studies have compared the efficacy of individual and group CT in changing the dysfunctional cognitions that hypothetically underlie Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). In this study, 44 OCD patients were assigned to individual (n = 18) or group (n = 24) CT. Sixteen completed the individual CT, and 22 completed the group CT. The effects of the two CT c…

Consumo de alcohol, tabaco, cannabis y otras drogas en la adolescencia: efectos de la familia y el barrio [Use of alcohol, tobacco, cannabis and other drugs in adolescence: Effects of family and neighborhood]

The aim of this study was to analyze the protective or risk factors of parental educational styles for the consumption of alcohol, tobacco, cannabis and other drugs, considering the interaction of parenting styles with the dangerousness of the neighborhood. Based on the responses of 628 adolescents, 369 females (58.8%) and 259 males (41.2%) between 15 and 17 years old (<em>M</em> = 16.03 years old, <em>SD</em> = 0.79 years old), families were classified according to their educational style (authoritative, indulgent, authoritarian or neglectful) and their level of perceived neighborhood risk (high or low). Results showed no interaction effect; however, main effects of…

La interacción 2 x 2

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