6533b836fe1ef96bd12a1414

RESEARCH PRODUCT

A study of the effect of molecular and aerosol conditions in the atmosphere on air fluorescence measurements at the Pierre Auger Observatory

J. AbrahamP. AbreuM. AgliettaE. J. AhnD. AllardI. AllekotteJ. AllenJ. Alvarez MunizM. AmbrosioL. AnchordoquiS. AndringaT. AnticicA. AnzaloneC. AramoE. ArgandaK. ArisakaF. ArquerosH. AsoreyP. AssisJ. AublinM. AveG. AvilaT. BackerD. BadagnaniM. BalzerK. B. BarberA. F. BarbosaS. L. C. BarrosoB. BaughmanP. BauleoJ. BeattyB. R. BeckerK. H. BeckerA. BelletoileJ. A. BellidoS. BenzviC. BeratT. BergmannX. BertouP. L. BiermannP. BilloirO. Blanch BigasF. BlancoM. BlancoH. BlumerM. BohacovaD. BoncioliC. BonifaziR. BoninoN. BorodaiJ. BrackP. BrogueiraW. C. BrownR. BruijnP. BuchholzA. BuenoR. E. BurtonN. BuscaK. S. Caballero MoraL. CarameteR. CarusoA. CastellinaO. CatalanoG. CataldiL. CazonR. CesterJ. ChauvinA. ChiavassaJ. A. ChinellatoA. ChouJ. ChudobaR. W. ClayE. ColomboR. ConceicaoF. ContrerasH. CookM. CooperJ. CoppensA. CordierU. CottiS. CoutuC. E. CovaultA. CreusotA. CrissJ. CroninA. CurutiuS. Dagoret CampagneR. DallierK. DaumillerB. R. DawsonR. M. DeAlmeidaM. DedomenicoC. DedonatoS. J. DejongG. DelavegaW. J. M. DemellojuniorJ. DemellonetoV. DesouzamK. D. DevriesG. DecerpritL. DelperalO. DelignyA. DellaselvaC. DellefratteH. DembinskiC. DigiulioJ. C. DiazM. CastroP. N. DiepC. DobrigkeitJ. C. DolivoP. N. DongA. DorofeevJ. C. DosanjosM. DovaD. DursoI. DutanM. A. DuvernoisJ. EbrR. EngelM. ErdmannC. OA. EtchegoyenP. FacalsanluisH. FalckeG. FarrarA. C. FauthN. FazziniA. FerreroB. FickA. FilevichA. FilipcicI. FleckS. FliescherC. E. FracchiollaE. D. FraenkelU. FrohlichW. FulgioneR. F. GamarraS. GambettaB. GarciaD. GamezD. Garcia PintoX. GarridoG. GelminiH. GemmekeagP. L. GhiaU. GiaccariM. GillerH. GlassL. GogginM. S. GoldG. GolupF. GomezalbarracinM. BerissoP. Gonc AlvesD. GonzalezJ. G. GonzalezD. GoraA. GorgiP. GouffonS. R. GozziniE. GrashornS. GrebeM. GrigatA. F. GrilloY. GuardincerriF. GuarinoG. P. GuedesJ. D. HagueV. HalenkaP. HansenD. HarariS. HarmsmaJ. L. HartonA. HaungsT. HebbekerD. HeckA. E. HerveC. HojvatV. C. HolmesP. HomolaJ. R. HorandelA. HornefferM. HrabovskyT. HuegeM. HussainM. IarloriA. InsoliaF. IonitaA. ItalianoS. JiraskovaK. KadijaM. KaducakK. H. KampertT. KarovaP. KasperB. KeglB. KeilhauerA. KeivaniJ. KelleyE. KempoR. M. KieckhaferH. O. KlagesM. KleifgesJ. KleinfellerR. KnapikJ. KnappD. H. KoangA. KriegerO. KromerD. Kruppke HansenF. KuehnD. KuempelK. KulbartzN. KunkaA. KusenkoG. LarosaC. LachaudB. LagoP. LautridouM. S. A. B. LeaoD. LebrunP. LebrunJ. LeeM. A. LeiguideoliveiraA. LemiereA. Letessier SelvonI. Lhenry YvonR. LopezA. LopezagueraK. LouedecJ. LozanobahiloA. LuceroM. LudwigH. LyberisM. C. MaccaroneC. MacolinoS. MalderaD. MandatP. MantschA. G. MariazziV. MarinI. C. MarisH. FalconO. BravoH. J. MathesJ. MatthewsJ. MatthewsG. MatthiaeD. MaurizioP. O. MazurM. McewenbpG. Medina TancoM. MelissasD. MeloE. MenichettiA. MenshikovC. MeurerS. MicanovicM. I. MichelettiW. MillerL. MiramontiS. MollerachM. MonasorD. MonnierragaigneF. MontanetB. MoralesC. MorelloE. BaJ. C. MorenoC. MorrisM. MostafaS. MuellerM. MullerR. MussaG. NavarraJ. L. NavarroS. NavasP. NecesalL. NellenP. NhungN. NierstenhoeferD. NitzD. NosekL. NozkaM. NyklicekJ. OehlschlagerA. OlintoP. OlivaV. BrM. OrtizN. PachecoD. Pakkselmi DeiM. PalatkaJ. PallottaN. PalmieriG. ParenteE. ParizotS. ParlatiA. ParraJ. ParrisiusR. ParsonsS. PastorT. PaulV. PavlidouK. PayetM. PechJ. PekalaR. PelayoI. PepeR. PesceE. PetermannS. PetreraP. PetrincaA. PetroliniY. PetrovJ. PetrovicC. PfendnerR. PiegaiaT. PierogM. PimentaV. PirronelloM. PlatinoV. H. PonceM. PontzP. PriviteraM. ProuzaE. J. QuelJ. RautenbergO. RavelD. RavignaniA. RedondoB. RevenuF. A. S. RezendeJ. RidkyS. RiggiM. RisseP. RistoriC. RiviereV. RiziC. RobledoG. RodriguezJ. RodriguezmartinoJ. RodriguezrojoI. Rodriguez CaboM. D. Rodriguez FriasG. RosJ. RosadoT. RosslerM. RothB. Rouille DorfeuilE. RouletA. C. RoveroF. SalamidaH. SalazarG. SalinaF. SanchezM. SantanderC. E. SantoE. SantoE. M. SantosF. SarazinS. SarkarR. SatoN. ScharfV. ScheriniH. SchielerP. SchifferA. SchmidtF. SchmidtT. SchmidtO. ScholtenH. SchoorlemmerJ. SchovancovaP. SchovanekF. SchroederS. SchulteF. SchusslerD. SchusterS. J. SciuttoM. ScuderiA. SegretoD. SemikozR. ShellardI. SidelnikB. B. SiffertG. SiglA. SmiakowskiR. SmidaG. R. SnowP. SommersJ. SorokinH. SpinkaR. SquartiniJ. StasielakM. StephanE. StrazzeriA. StutzF. SuarezT. SuomijarviA. D. SupanitskyT. SusaM. S. SutherlandJ. SwainZ. SzadkowskiA. TamashiroA. TamburroA. TapiaT. TarutinaO. Tas CauR. TcaciucD. TcherniakhovskiD. TegoloN. T. ThaoD. ThomasJ. TiffenbergC. TimmermansW. TkaczykC. J. ToderopeixotoB. TomeA. TonachiniP. TravnicekD. B. TridapalliG. TristramE. TrovatoM. TuerosR. UlrichM. UngerM. UrbanJ. GaliciaI. ValinoL. ValoreA. M. VandenbergJ. R. VazquezR. A. VazquezD. VebericT. VentersV. VerziM. VidelaL. VillasenorS. VorobiovL. VoyvodicH. WahlbergP. WahrlichO. WainbergD. WarnerA. A. WatsonS. WesterhoffB. J. WhelanG. WieczorekL. WienckeB. WilczynskaH. WilczynskiC. WilliamsT. WinchenM. G. WinnickB. WundheilerT. YamamotoP. YounkG. YuanA. YushkovE. ZasD. ZavrtanikM. ZavrtanikI. ZawA. ZepedaM. ZiolkowskiCarla BleveMaria Rita ColucciaIvan De MitriGiovanni MarsellaDaniele MartelloLorenzo PerroneMariangela Settimo

subject

Angstrom exponentAstronomyAstrophysics01 natural sciencesAugerCROSS-SECTIONSCOSMIC-RAY SHOWERSObservatoryDEPENDENCEHigh-Energy Cosmic Ray010303 astronomy & astrophysicsPhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)Lidar[SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE]ANGSTROM EXPONENTPierre Auger ObservatoryBi-static lidarELECTRONSComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSINGMULTIPLE-SCATTERINGLight emissionFísica nuclearAstrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaLIGHT-EMISSIONAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics[PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE]Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)Extensive air showerFOS: Physical sciencesCosmic raySURFACE DETECTORAir fluorescence method0103 physical sciencesExtensive air showersRECONSTRUCTIONAerosolInstrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)Cosmic raysPierre Auger ObservatoryAerosolsCalorimeter (particle physics)Atmospheric effect010308 nuclear & particles physicsAtmosphereFísicaAstronomy and AstrophysicsCosmic rays; Extensive air showers; Air fluorescence method; Atmosphere; Aerosols; Lidar; Bi-static lidarCosmic rayNITROGENAir showerFluorescence Telescopes13. Climate actionExperimental High Energy PhysicsAEROSSOL

description

The air fluorescence detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory is designed to perforin calorimetric measurements of extensive air showers created by Cosmic rays of above 10(18) eV. To correct these measurements for the effects introduced by atmospheric fluctuations, the Observatory contains a group Of monitoring instruments to record atmospheric conditions across the detector site, ail area exceeding 3000 km(2). The atmospheric data are used extensively in the reconstruction of air showers, and are particularly important for the correct determination of shower energies and the depths of shower maxima. This paper contains a summary of the molecular and aerosol conditions measured at the Pierre Auger Observatory since the start of regular operations in 2004, and includes a discussion of the impact of these measurements oil air shower reconstructions. Between 10(18) and 10(20) eV, the systematic Uncertainties due to all atmospheric effects increase from 4% to 8% in measurements of shower energy, and 4 g cm(-2) to 8 g cm(-2) in measurements of the shower maximum.

yearjournalcountryeditionlanguage
2010-03-01
10.1016/j.astropartphys.2009.12.005http://hdl.handle.net/10261/24498