6533b852fe1ef96bd12aad25

RESEARCH PRODUCT

Air Pollution During Pregnancy and Childhood Cognitive and Psychomotor Development: Six European Birth Cohorts

Mònica GuxensRaquel Garcia-estebanLise Giorgis-allemandJoan FornsChiara BadaloniFerran BallesterRob BeelenGiulia CesaroniLeda ChatziMaria De AgostiniAudrey De NazelleMarloes EeftensMariana F FernandezAna Fernández-somoanoForastiere FrancescoUlrike GehringAkhgar GhassabianBarbara HeudeVincent W. V. JaddoeClaudia KluemperManolis KogevinasUrsula KraemerBeatrice LarroqueAitana LertxundiNerea LertxuniMario MurciaVladislav NavelMark NieuwenhuijsenDaniela PortaRosa RamosTheano RoumeliotakiRemy SlamaMette SorensenEuripides G. StephanouDorothea SugiriAdonina TardonHenning TiemeierCarla M. T. TieslerFrank C. VerhulstTanja VrijkotteMichael WilhelmBert BrunekreefGoeran PershagenJordi SunyerDep IrasLs Iras Eepi Me (Milieu Epidemiologie)Risk Assessment Of Toxic And Immunomodulatory AgentsIras Ratia2

subject

MaleEpidemiologyDevelopmental DisabilitiesAir pollutionCHILDRENmedicine.disease_causeCohort StudiesChild DevelopmentCognitionPregnancyCognitive developmentProspective StudiesChildSDG 15 - Life on LandPsychomotor learningAir PollutantsDIESEL EXHAUSTBIRTH COHORTEuropeMaternal ExposureChild PreschoolPrenatal Exposure Delayed EffectsINFANT NEURODEVELOPMENTFemaleNitrogen OxidesPROJECTCohort studyEnvironmental MonitoringAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyPOLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONSAGESDG 3 - Good Health and Well-beingEnvironmental healthAir PollutionmedicineHumansPRENATAL EXPOSUREPollutantPregnancyCOAL-BURNING POLLUTANTSbusiness.industryPublic healthLOCOMOTOR-ACTIVITYInfantModels Theoreticalmedicine.diseaseConfidence intervalLinear ModelsParticulate MatterbusinessPsychomotor Performance

description

Background: Accumulating evidence from laboratory animal and human studies suggests that air pollution exposure during pregnancy affects cognitive and psychomotor development in childhood. Methods: We analyzed data from 6 European population-based birth cohorts-GENERATI ON R (The Netherlands), DUISBURG (Germany), EDEN (France), GASPII (Italy), RHEA (Greece), and INMA (Spain)-that recruited mother-infant pairs from 1997 to 2008. Air pollution levels-nitrogen oxides (NO2, NOx) in all regions and particulate matter (PM) with diameters of <2.5, <10, and 2.5-10 mu m (PM2.5, PM10, and PMcoarse, respectively) and PM2.5 absorbance in a subgroup-at birth addresses were estimated by land-use regression models, based on monitoring campaigns performed primarily between 2008 and 2011. Levels were back-extrapolated to exact pregnancy periods using background monitoring sites. Cognitive and psychomotor development was assessed between 1 and 6 years of age. Adjusted region-specific effect estimates were combined using random-effects meta-analysis. Results: A total of 9482 children were included. Air pollution exposure during pregnancy, particularly NO2, was associated with reduced psychomotor development (global psychomotor development score decreased by 0.68 points [95% confidence interval = -1.25 to -0.11] per increase of 10 mu g/m(3) in NO2). Similar trends were observed in most regions. No associations were found between any air pollutant and cognitive development. Conclusions: Air pollution exposure during pregnancy, particularly NO2 (for which motorized traffic is a major source), was associated with delayed psychomotor development during childhood. Due to the widespread nature of air pollution exposure, the public health impact of the small changes observed at an individual level could be considerable.

yearjournalcountryeditionlanguage
2014-09-01Epidemiology
10.1097/ede.0000000000000133https://doi.org/10.1097/ede.0000000000000133