Removing krypton from xenon by cryogenic distillation to the ppq level

6533b85afe1ef96bd12b9634

RESEARCH PRODUCT

Removing krypton from xenon by cryogenic distillation to the ppq level

E. Aprile J. Aalbers F. Agostini M. Alfonsi F. D. Amaro M. Anthony F. Arneodo P. Barrow L. Baudis B. Bauermeister M. L. Benabderrahmane T. Berger P. A. Breur A. Brown E. Brown S. Bruenner G. Bruno R Budnik L. Bütikofer J. Calvén J. M. R. Cardoso M. Cervantes D. Cichon D. Coderre A. P. Colijn J. Conrad J. P. Cussonneau M. P. Decowski P. Perio P. Di Gangi A. Di Giovanni S. Diglio E. Duchovni G. Eurin J. Fei A. D. Ferella A. Fieguth D. Franco W. Fulgione Andrea Gallo Rosso M. Galloway F. Gao M. Garbini C. Geis L. W. Goetzke L. Grandi Z. Greene C. Grignon C. Hasterok E. Hogenbirk C. Huhmann R. Itay B. Kaminsky G. Kessler A. Kish H. Landsman R. F. Lang D. Lellouch L. Levinson M. Le Calloch Q. Lin S. Lindemann M. Lindner J. A. M. Lopes A. Manfredini I. Maris T. Marrodán Undagoitia J. Masbou F. V. Massoli D. Masson D. Mayani Y. Meng M. Messina K. Micheneau B. Miguez A. Molinario M. Murra J. Naganoma K. Ni U. Oberlack S. E. A. Orrigo P. Pakarha B. Pelssers R. Persiani F. Piastra J. Pienaar M. -C Piro V. Pizzella G. Plante N. Priel L. Rauch S. Reichard C. Reuter A. Rizzo S. Rosendahl N. Rupp R. Saldanha J. M. F. Dos Santos G. Sartorelli M. Scheibelhut S. Schindler J. Schreiner M. Schumann L. Scotto Lavina M. Selvi P. Shagin E. Shockley M. Silva H. Simgen M. V. Sivers A. Stein D. Thers A. Tiseni G. Trinchero C. Tunnell N. Upole H. Wang Y. Wei C. Weinheimer J. Wulf J. Ye Y. Zhang I. Cristescu Collaboration Xenon

subject

Cryostat Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors Xenon Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)WIMP Dark matter Analytical chemistry FOS: Physical sciences chemistry.chemical_element lcsh:Astrophysics Weakly Interact Massive Particle Sciences de l'ingénieur 01 natural sciences 7. Clean energy Xenon lcsh:QB460-466 0103 physical sciences Dark Matter lcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity Sensitivity (control systems)[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]010306 general physics Computer science information & general works Engineering (miscellaneous)Liquid Xenon ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS Physics Air separation Physique 010308 nuclear & particles physics Distillation Column Krypton Krypton Order (ring theory)Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)Astronomie chemistry Direct Search ddc:000 lcsh:QC770-798 TPC Order of magnitude

description

The XENON1T experiment aims for the direct detection of dark matter in a detector filled with 3.3 tons of liquid xenon. In order to achieve the desired sensitivity, the background induced by radioactive decays inside the detector has to be sufficiently low. One major contributor is the β-emitter 85Kr which is present in the xenon. For XENON1T a concentration of natural krypton in xenon natKr/Xe<200ppq (parts per quadrillion, 1ppq=10-15mol/mol) is required. In this work, the design, construction and test of a novel cryogenic distillation column using the common McCabe–Thiele approach is described. The system demonstrated a krypton reduction factor of 6.4 · 10 5 with thermodynamic stability at process speeds above 3 kg/h. The resulting concentration of natKr/Xe<26ppq is the lowest ever achieved, almost one order of magnitude below the requirements for XENON1T and even sufficient for future dark matter experiments using liquid xenon, such as XENONnT and DARWIN.

year	journal	country	edition	language
2017-05-01

10.1140/epjc/s10052-017-4757-1 http://hal.in2p3.fr/in2p3-01439234