Visibilities and invisibilities in academic work and career building

2021

In the current turbulent higher education environment, academic work and career building are in a state of flux. The implementation of the principles of New Public Management have intensified managerial control over academic work. Growing dependence on external funding and metrics-based performance assessments have made career building increasingly competitive, selective, and risky. Disciplinary and organisational boundaries have been dissolving as interdisciplinary and cross-sectoral ways of collaboration have become policy priorities. These trends have challenged visible boundaries between disciplines, organisations, sectors, work tasks and academic roles. However, at the same time, new v…

Beliefs and Experiences of Individuals Following a Zero-Carb Diet

2021

The adoption of carbohydrate-restrictive diets to improve health is increasing in popularity, but there is a dearth of research on individuals who choose to severely restrict or entirely exclude carbohydrates. The present study investigated the beliefs and experiences of individuals following a diet that severely limits, or entirely excludes, dietary carbohydrates, colloquially known as a ‘zero-carb’ diet, for at least 6 months. Zero-carb dieters (n = 170) recruited via a social networking site completed an online qualitative survey prompting them to discuss their motives, rationale, and experiences of following a low-carb diet. Transcripts of participants’ responses were …

When intentions turn into action: pathways to successful firm performance

2021

Entrepreneurship brings wealth to nations and contributes to their economic growth. People can take many paths to become entrepreneurs. Some join the family business, whilst others are born entrepreneurs, letting their innate intuition lead them into firm creation. For many, though, being able to learn and acquire the right skills is critical for a successful career as an entrepreneur. Like other human capital factors, entrepreneurial skills can be acquired. In today’s fast-changing society, it is of utmost importance for entrepreneurs not only to gain these skills but also to be surrounded by a supportive environment that will (1) guide them in the creation of their business idea and (2) h…

Mapping and quantification of cryptochrome expression in the brain of the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum.

2021

Aphids are paradigmatic photoperiodic animals often used to study the role of the circadian clock in the seasonal response. Previously, we described some elements of the circadian clock core (genes period and timeless) and output (melatonin, AANATs and PTTH) that could have a role in the regulation of the aphid seasonal response. More recently we identified two opsins (C-ops and SWO4) as candidate input photoperiodic receptors. In the present report, we focus on the study of cryptochromes (cry) as photoreceptors of the circadian clock and discuss their involvement in the seasonal response. We analyze the expression of cry1 and cry2 genes in a circadian and seasonal context, and map their ex…

Demokratiakasvatuksen tiellä?

2021

Suomalainen koulutusjärjestelmä perustuu opettajien vahvaan osaamiseen ja autonomiaan, jonka opettajat omaksuvat opettajankoulutuksen aikana. Kuitenkin useat tutkimukset ja selvitykset ovat osoittaneet, että vaikka demokratia arvolähtökohtana tunnistetaan kaikissa suomalaisissa opettajankoulutusta antavissa yksiköissä, antaa koulutus vain vähän valmiuksia toteuttaa demokratiakasvatusta. Artikkelissa analysoimme opetuskokonaisuutta, jonka tavoitteena on ollut tarjota luokanopettajaopiskelijoille vahvat tiedot ja taidot toteuttaa demokratia- ja yhteiskuntakasvatusta suuntaamalla koulutuksen tavoitteita kohti demokratiaa elämäntapana. Kuvaamme ja analysoimme ryhmän arkea ja toimintaa, jonka av…

The narrow line between photographer and FoMOgrapher. The “fear of missing out” (FoMO) of young professionals

2021

Towards a methodological toolset for the psycholinguistics of translation

2021

Abstract The manuscript provides readers with a basic methodological toolset for experimental psycholinguistic studies on translation. Following a description of key methodological concepts and the rationale behind experimental designs in psycholinguistics, we discuss experimental paradigms adopted from bilingualism research, which potentially constitute a methodological foundation for studies investigating the psycholinguistics of translation. Specifically, we show that priming paradigms possess several inherent advantages which make them particularly suitable for research on translation. The manuscript critically discusses key methodological problems associated with such paradigms and ill…

Exploring relationships between drought and epidemic cholera in Africa using generalised linear models

2021

Abstract Background Temperature and precipitation are known to affect Vibrio cholerae outbreaks. Despite this, the impact of drought on outbreaks has been largely understudied. Africa is both drought and cholera prone and more research is needed in Africa to understand cholera dynamics in relation to drought. Methods Here, we analyse a range of environmental and socioeconomic covariates and fit generalised linear models to publicly available national data, to test for associations with several indices of drought and make cholera outbreak projections to 2070 under three scenarios of global change, reflecting varying trajectories of CO2 emissions, socio-economic development, and population gr…

Toward resourcefulness: pathways for community positive health.

2021

Communities are powerful and necessary agents for defining and pursuing their health, but outside organizations often adopt community health promotion approaches that are patronizing and top-down. Conversely, bottom-up approaches that build on and mobilize community health assets are often critiqued for tasking the most vulnerable and marginalized communities to use their own limited resources without real opportunities for change. Taking into consideration these community health promotion shortcomings, this article asks how communities may be most effectively and appropriately supported in pursuing their health. This article reviews how community health is understood, moving from negative…

Lake browning impacts community structure and essential fatty acid content of littoral invertebrates in boreal lakes

2021

AbstractMany lakes in the northern hemisphere are browning due to increasing concentrations of terrestrial dissolved organic carbon (DOC). The consequences of lake browning to littoral invertebrates, however, are not fully understood. We analyzed community structure and fatty acid (FA) profiles of littoral invertebrates in humic (DOC-rich) and clear-water lakes in Eastern Finland. We found higher abundance of chironomids (Diptera: Chironomidae) in humic compared to clear-water lakes, whereas stoneflies (Plecoptera) and mayflies (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) were more abundant in clear-water lakes. Taxon explained 65% of the differences in the FA composition of littoral invertebrates. However, t…

Trans-Contextual Model Predicting Change in Out-of-School Physical Activity: A One-Year Longitudinal Study

2021

The aim of the current study was to test the long-term predictive validity of the trans-contextual model in accounting for variance in adolescents’ out-of-school physical activity measured by self-report and accelerometer based-devices over a one-year period. Secondary school students ( N  =  265) aged 11 to 15 years completed a three-wave survey on two occasions in time, spanning a one-year interval, measuring perceived autonomy support in physical education (PE), peer and parent autonomy support in leisure-time, autonomous and controlled motivation in PE and leisure-time, attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control, intention, and out-of-school physical activity both by sel…

Prodrug based on halloysite delivery systems to improve the antitumor ability of methotrexate in leukemia cell lines

2021

The prodrug approach, as well as the development of specific systems able to deliver a chemotherapeutic agent in the target site, decreasing the side effects often associated with its administration, are still a challenging. In this context, both methotrexate drug molecules (MTX) and biotin ligand moieties, whose receptors are overexpressed on the surface of several cancer cells, were loaded on halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) to develop nanomaterial based on multifunctional and "smart" delivery systems. To highlight the crucial role played by biotin, carrier systems based on HNTs and MTX were also synthetized. In detail, several approaches were envisaged: i) a supramolecular interaction between…

Influence of Culture Conditions on In Vitro Asymbiotic Germination of Anacamptis longicornu and Ophrys panormitana (Orchidaceae)

2021

This study is the first approach to in vitro asymbiotic germination of two species of Sicilian threatened terrestrial orchids, Anacamptis longicornu and Ophrys panormitana. Seeds were collected in the wild and cultured in two different media—Orchimax medium (OM) and Murashige and Skoog (MS)—and exposed to different photoperiods and temperatures to evaluate the best conditions for the specific stages of development. The germination of A. longicornu was very high on OM (95.5%) and lower on MS medium (21.4%), whereas O. panormitana germinated only on OM medium, with significantly lower percentages (12.0%), compared with A. longicornu. This difference is caused by variation in quality and quant…

Les établissements hospitaliers de l’Auxois, aperçu de destinées

2021

Texte préparatoire à une publication de la société des sciences et lettres de Semur, conférence prononcée en septembre 2015 au Museoparc d'Alésia.

Resectable and borderline resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: Role of the radiologist and oncologist in the era of precision medicine

2021

The incidence and mortality of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma are growing over time. The management of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma involves a multidisciplinary team, ideally involving experts from surgery, diagnostic imaging, interventional endoscopy, medical oncology, radiation oncology, pathology, geriatric medicine, and palliative care. An adequate staging of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and re-assessment of the tumor after neoadjuvant therapy allows the multidisciplinary team to choose the most appropriate treatment for the patient. This review article discusses advancement in the molecular basis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, diagnostic tools available fo…

Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles in Chemical Detection: From Small Species to Large Bio-Molecules

2021

A recompilation of applications of mesoporous silica nanoparticles in sensing from the last five years is presented. Its high potential, especially as hybrid materials combined with organic or bio-molecules, is shown. Adding to the multiplying effect of loading high amounts of the transducer into the pores, the selectivity attained by the interaction of the analyte with the layer decorating the material is described. Examples of the different methodologies are presented.

The role of life skills in developing an authentic leadership attitude in public health students: a multicenter cross-sectional study in Poland

2021

Abstract Background Decision-making skills are considered crucial life skills that condition proper social functioning within groups (i.e., support authentic leadership skills and increasing one’s chances of success and wellbeing in life). Nonetheless, the number of scientific papers addressing the role of life skills in developing authentic leadership skills in public health students is limited. The aim of the present study was to develop a theoretical model to determine the role of selected life skills in developing authentic leadership skills in public health students. Methods The study was conducted from January 16 through February 28, 2018. In total, 653 students undertaking in-service…

Toivo ja demokratiakasvatus : kahdeksasluokkalaisten käsityksiä toivosta Paulo Freiren ja C. R. Snyderin teorioiden valossa

2021

Tässä tutkimuksessa tarkastellaan kahdeksasluokkalaisten toivokäsityksiä. Nuorten yhteiskunnallinen osallistuminen Suomessa on vähäistä huolimatta yhteiskunnallisten tietojen hyvästä tasosta. Tutkimuksessa lähestyttiin ongelmaa toivon näkökulmasta. Tämä tutkimus pitää toivoa demokratian ja demokratiakasvatuksen kannalta tärkeänä käsitteenä. Toivoa tarkasteltiin erityisesti kahden teoriaperinteen, C. R. Snyderin psykologisen toivoteorian ja Paulo Freiren toivon pedagogiikan, kautta. Kahdeksasluokkalaisten toivokäsityksiä tutkittiin haastatteluin (N = 15) fenomenografista analyysiä hyödyntämällä. Toivokäsitykset jakautuivat selkeästi kahteen ylimmän tason kategoriaan, toimijuuskeskeisiin sekä…

From the forest to the plate – Hemicelluloses, galactoglucomannan, glucuronoxylan, and phenolic-rich extracts from unconventional sources as function…

2021

This study aimed to characterise pressurised hot water (PHW) extracts from nonconventional sources of functional carbohydrates and phenolic compounds in terms of antioxidant capacity, antiviral activity, toxicity, and human erythrocytes’ protection antidiabetic potential. PHW extracts of Norway spruce bark (E1 + E2) and Birch sawdust (E3 + E4) contained mostly galactoglucomannan and glucuronoxylan. In contrast, samples E5 to E9 PHW extracted from Norway spruce, and Scots pine bark are rich sources of phenolic compounds. Overall, phenolic-rich extracts presented the highest inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase and protection against stable non-enveloped enteroviruses. Additionally, all …

“There Is No (Where a)FaceLike Home”: Recognition and Appraisal Responses to Masked FacialDialectsof Emotion in Four Different National Cultures

2021

The theory of universal emotions suggests that certain emotions such as fear, anger, disgust, sadness, surprise and happiness can be encountered cross-culturally. These emotions are expressed using specific facial movements that enable human communication. More recently, theoretical and empirical models have been used to propose that universal emotions could be expressed via discretely different facial movements in different cultures due to the non-convergent social evolution that takes place in different geographical areas. This has prompted the consideration that own-culture emotional faces have distinct evolutionary important sociobiological value and can be processed automatically, and …

Interstitial Telomeric-like Repeats (ITR) in Seed Plants as Assessed by Molecular Cytogenetic Techniques: A Review.

2021

The discovery of telomeric repeats in interstitial regions of plant chromosomes (ITRs) through molecular cytogenetic techniques was achieved several decades ago. However, the information is scattered and has not been critically evaluated from an evolutionary perspective. Based on the analysis of currently available data, it is shown that ITRs are widespread in major evolutionary lineages sampled. However, their presence has been detected in only 45.6% of the analysed families, 26.7% of the sampled genera, and in 23.8% of the studied species. The number of ITR sites greatly varies among congeneric species and higher taxonomic units, and range from one to 72 signals. ITR signals mostly occurs…

Näennäinen normi vai elettyä demokratiaa?

2021

Lasten osallisuus on yksi tämän hetken ajankohtaisista keskusteluista suomalaisessa varhaiskasvatuksessa ja laajemminkin yhteiskunnassa. Tässä artikkelissa tarkastelemme lasten oikeuksiin ja osallisuuteen keskittyneeseen koulutuskokonaisuuteen osallistuneiden opiskelijoiden puhetapoja lasten osallisuudesta ja yhdenvertaisuudesta. Aineisto muodostuu opiskelijoiden yksilöhaastatteluista ja ryhmäkeskusteluista (n = 31). Kysymme, millaisia puhetapoja lasten osallisuudesta on tunnistettavissa opiskelijoiden haastattelu- ja ryhmäkeskustelupuheesta. Erotimme diskurssianalyysin avulla neljä puhetapaa: osallisuus normina, rajattu ja näennäinen osallisuus, eletty osallisuus ihanteena sekä pakeneva os…

Large characteristically simple sections of finite groups

2021

In this paper we prove that if G is a group for which there are k non-Frattini chief factors isomorphic to a characteristically simple group A, then G has a normal section C/R that is the direct product of k minimal normal subgroups of G/R isomorphic to A. This is a significant extension of the notion of crown for isomorphic chief factors.

Efficient or Fractal Market Hypothesis? A Stock Indexes Modelling Using Geometric Brownian Motion and Geometric Fractional Brownian Motion

2021

In this article, we propose a test of the dynamics of stock market indexes typical of the US and EU capital markets in order to determine which of the two fundamental hypotheses, efficient market hypothesis (EMH) or fractal market hypothesis (FMH), best describes market behavior. The article’s major goal is to show how to appropriately model return distributions for financial market indexes, specifically which geometric Brownian motion (GBM) and geometric fractional Brownian motion (GFBM) dynamic equations best define the evolution of the S&P 500 and Stoxx Europe 600 stock indexes. Daily stock index data were acquired from the Thomson Reuters Eikon database during a ten-year period, fro…

Counting edge modes via dynamics of boundary spin impurities

2021

We study dynamics of the one-dimensional Ising model in the presence of static symmetry-breaking boundary field via the two-time autocorrelation function of the boundary spin. We find that the correlations decay as a power law. We uncover a dynamical phase diagram where, upon tuning the strength of the boundary field, we observe distinct power laws that directly correspond to changes in the number of edge modes as the boundary and bulk magnetic field are varied. We suggest how the universal physics can be demonstrated in current experimental setups, such as Rydberg chains.

Uutisia utopiasta ja melankoliasta : William Morrisin kuvaus onnellisen ihmisen maailmasta

2021

Epätäydellisessä maailmassa tulee aina olemaan utoopikkoja, jotka kuvittelukyvyllään maalaavat kuvaa tulevaisuudesta, jossa kaikki nykyisyyttä vaivaavat epäkohdat olisi poistettu. Tässä puheenvuorotekstissä tarkastelen, miten utooppisissa teksteissä on läsnä jännite menneisyyden ja tulevaisuuden välillä. Tämä paljastuu esimerkiksi kiinnittämällä William Morrisin kaltaisen utoopikon teksteissä huomio onnellisuuden ja melankolisuuden väliseen suhteeseen utooppisessa tulevaisuudessa. 

Tietämätön opettaja demokratiakasvatuksessa

2021

Tämä artikkeli tutkii ranskalaisajattelija Jacques Rancièren älyjen tasa-arvon käsitettä sekä tasa-arvon periaatetta demokratiakasvatuksessa. Artikkelin kollaboratiivinen empiirinen aineisto koostuu 19 opettajaopiskelijan sekä heidän opettajanaan toimineen kirjoittajan autoetnografisista teksteistä yhden lukuvuoden mittaisen kurssin ajalta. Kirjoittajan kokoama ja kertoma moniääninen autoetnografinen tarina tuo esiin erilaisia näkökulmia opettajuuteen ja opettajaksi kasvamiseen, joita peilataan Rancièren ajatteluun. Artikkeli valottaa Rancièren filosofian antia demokratiakasvatukselle ja konkretisoi Rancièren käsitteitä. Lisäksi artikkeli jäsentää älyjen tasa-arvoa autoetnografisen tutkimus…

Efficient formulation of a two-noded geometrically exact curved beam element

2021

The article extends the formulation of a 2D geometrically exact beam element proposed by Jirasek et al. (2021) to curved elastic beams. This formulation is based on equilibrium equations in their integrated form, combined with the kinematic relations and sectional equations that link the internal forces to sectional deformation variables. The resulting first-order differential equations are approximated by the finite difference scheme and the boundary value problem is converted to an initial value problem using the shooting method. The article develops the theoretical framework based on the Navier-Bernoulli hypothesis, with a possible extension to shear-flexible beams. Numerical procedures …

Academic capitalism challenging democratic governancePsychosocial interpretation of the logics in university work after university reform

2021

Vuonna 2009 uudistetun yliopistolain jälkeen yliopistojen hallintomallit ja työkulttuurit ovat olleet monenlaisten muutosten kohteena. Johtamisjärjestelmien kehittämisen trendinä on ollut ”strategisen johtamisen” ja markkinalogiikan vahvistaminen yliopistodemokratian kustannuksella, toisin sanoen vallan siirtäminen yliopistoyhteisöltä keskusjohdolle ja ulkopuolisille. Työyhteisöihin näillä muutoksilla on tavoiteltu esimerkiksi työn tuottavuuden kasvua, mutta samaan aikaan reformit saavat aikaan odottamattomia seurauksia. Vaikka tietotyön organisointia koskevaa keskustelua on käyty viime vuosina kasvavassa määrin, on etenkin työntekijöiden kokemusten peilaaminen laajempiin organisatorisiin k…

Una ciencia admirable: filosofía y admiración en Descartes

2021

RESUMEN Aunque Descartes pretende hablar de cuestiones morales en general, y de las pasiones en particular, como si nadie hubiera escrito antes sobre ellas, lo cierto es que, en el caso de la admiración, es clara su referencia al mundo antiguo. En concreto, en este caso el pensador francés se sitúa críticamente en contra de la postura aristotélica, que entiende la admiración como el inicio de la filosofía. Frente a la propuesta clásica, que convierte dicha emoción en el motor permanente de la investigación de las primeras causas, para Descartes la curiosidad excesiva y el estupor del asombro son rechazables. No obstante, algunos han señalado el carácter ambivalente de las declaraciones cart…

Making sense of the past to understand the present: Attributions for historical trauma predict contemporary social and political attitudes

2021

Research indicates that the memory of collective trauma influences attitudes towards contemporary social and political issues. We suggest that the specific attributions for trauma that members of victim and perpetrator groups make provide a more nuanced understanding of this relationship. Thus, we constructed and validated a measure of attributions for the Holocaust. Then, we ran a preregistered study on representative samples in Germany ( N = 504) and Israel ( N = 469) to examine whether attributing the Holocaust to essentialist or contextual causes influences attitudes towards the immigration crisis and the Israeli–Palestinian conflict. Results indicated that, among Germans, attributing …

No Reservations Required: Achieving Fairness between Wi-Fi and NR-U with Self-Deferral Only

2021

Wireless technologies coexisting in unlicensed bands should receive a fair share of the available channel resources, even when they use different access methods. We consider the problem of coexistence between Wi-Fi and New Radio Unlicensed (NR-U) nodes, which employ, respectively, a random and scheduled access scheme. The latter typically resorts to reservation signals (RSs), which allow keeping the control of the channel until the start of the next synchronized slot. This mechanism, although effective for increasing the channel access opportunities of scheduled-based nodes, is also a waste of channel resources. We investigate alternative solutions, based on self-deferral only. We built ana…

Cognitive Translation and Interpreting Studies (CTIS)

2021

Editorial: Calculation of Passenger Car Equivalents at Roundabouts

2021

Editorial on the Research Topic: Calculation of Passenger Car Equivalents at Roundabouts About this Research Topic: Calculation of Passenger Car Equivalents (PCEs) for heavy vehicles represents the starting point for the operational analysis of road facilities and other traffic management applications. PCEs are used to consider the presence of heavy vehicles in the traffic stream and are expressed as multiples of the effect of an average passenger car. Moreover, the highly curvilinear nature of the roundabout design, both in urban and rural environment, has significant effects on the paths that heavy vehicles would travel; as a consequence, the interaction between the physical and performan…

Multivariate Assessment of Procedures for Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Synthesis for Pesticides Determination in Environmental and Agricultural Samp…

2021

In the case of quantitative and qualitative analysis of pesticides in environmental and food samples, it is required to perform a sample pre-treatment process. It allows to minimalize the impact of interferences on the final results, as well as increase the recovery rate. Nowadays, apart from routinely employed sample preparation techniques such as solid-phase extraction (SPE) or solid-phase microextraction (SPME), the application of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) is gaining greater popularity. It is mainly related to their physicochemical properties, sorption capacity and selectivity, thermo-mechanical resistance, as well as a wide range of polymerization techniques allowing to obta…

Antiparasitic Effect of Stilbene and Terphenyl Compounds against Trypanosoma cruzi Parasites

2021

AbstractBackgroundChagas disease, also known as American trypanosomiasis, is a potentially life-threatening illness caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. No progress in the treatment of this pathology has been made since Nifurtimox was introduced more than fifty years ago and is considered very aggressive and may cause several adverse effects. Currently, this drug has severe limitations, including high frequency of undesirable side effects and limited efficacy and availability and the research to discover new drugs for the treatment of Chagas disease is imperative. Many drugs available in the market are natural products as found in nature or compounds designed based on the str…