Search results for " Adhesion"

Synthesis and biological evaluation of sphingosine kinase 2 inhibitors with anti-inflammatory activity.

2019

The synthesis of inhibitors of SphK2 with novel structural scaffolds is reported. These compounds were designed from a molecular modeling study, in which the molecular interactions stabilizing the different complexes were taken into account. Particularly interesting is that 7‐bromo‐2‐(2‐phenylethyl)‐2,3,4,5‐tetrahydro‐1,4‐epoxynaphtho[1,2‐b]azepine, which is a selective inhibitor of SphK2, does not exert any cytotoxic effects and has a potent anti‐inflammatory effect. It was found to inhibit mononuclear cell adhesion to the dysfunctional endothelium with minimal impact on neutrophil–endothelial cell interactions. The information obtained from our theoretical and experimental study can be us…

Monoclonal antibodies to polysialic acid reveal epitope sharing between invasive pathogenic bacteria, differentiating cells and tumor cells

1987

Monoclonal antibodies (mAb) for rapid diagnosis and detection of invasive bacteria and identification of pathogenic factors in infectious disease are equally important in medical microbiology and clinical pathology and may even provide a breakthrough in basic medical and cell biology research. Such a situation evolved from the application of a unique mAb against the poorly immunogenic homopolymers of alpha 2,8-linked sialic acid of Escherichia coli K1 and meningococci group B capsules which could be derived from immune-hyperreactive NZB-autoimmune mice. The cross-reactivity of this mAb with identical polysialic acid (polySA) units of the neural cell adhesion molecule (N-CAM) revealed antige…

Antibodies to cell surface ganglioside GD3 perturb inductive epithelial-mesenchymal interactions

1988

Abstract Most epithelial sheets emerge during embryogenesis by a branching and growth of the epithelium. The surrounding mesenchyme is crucial for this process. We report that branching morphogenesis and the formation of a new epithelium from the mesenchyme in the embryonic kidney can be blocked by a monoclonal antibody reacting with a surface glycolipid, disialoganglioside G D3 . In contrast, a more than 10-fold excess of antibodies to adhesive glycoproteins (N-CAM, L -CAM, fibronectin) fails to inhibit morphogenesis. Although the anti-G D3 antibody affected epithelial development, the disialoganglioside G D3 was expressed not in the epithelium, but in the mesenchyme surrounding the develo…

Effects of soy isoflavones on endothelial function in healthy postmenopausal women.

2005

Objective: To evaluate the effects of soy isoflavone administration on endothelial function in healthy postmenopausal women. Design: Sixty naturally postmenopausal women were randomly assigned to receive isoflavone or placebo tablets for 6 months. Endothelium-dependent vasodilatation was measured by brachial reactivity technique along with levels of plasma soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), E-selectin, P-selectin and soluble thrombomodulin, von Willebrand factor, and tissue plasminogen activator. Differences between endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent vasodilatation were assessed by evaluating brachial reactivity par…

IgG anti-endothelial cell antibodies (AECA) in type I diabetes mellitus; induction of adhesion molecule expression in cultured endothelial cells

1998

SUMMARYAECA were detected in 25 of 71 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and in two of 33 healthy subjects. Patients with diabetes of < 1 year duration and those with long-standing disease had the highest levels of these antibodies. Inhibition studies suggest that at least part of the AECA reactivity is due to cross-reactive anti-ssDNA antibodies. AECA-positive sera were able to increase intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and E-selectin on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Increased binding of polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells was also found to accompany raised E-selectin expression. Soluble ICAM-1 and E-selectin were also found to be increased in the sera of AE…

Embryo effects in human implantation: embryonic regulation of endometrial molecules in human implantation.

2001

: Embryonic implantation requires coordinated development of the blastocyst and the maternal endometrium. Considerable advances have been made in the understanding of the cell biology of human embryo and maternal endometrium as separate entities. Nevertheless, communication between them and their reciprocal effects on each other constitute an exciting and as-yet unsolved problem in reproductive medicine. Cross-talk among the embryo, endometrium, and the corpus luteum are known to occur in ruminants and primates; more specifically, endometrial-embryonic interactions have been reported in rodents and primates. Here, we present updated information in humans on the embryonic regulation of endom…

Decidual endothelial cells express surface-bound C1q as a molecular bridge between endovascular trophoblast and decidual endothelium.

2008

This study was prompted by the observation that decidual endothelial cells (DECs), unlike endothelial cells (ECs) of blood vessels in normal skin, kidney glomeruli and brain, express surface-bound C1q in physiologic pregnancy. This finding was unexpected, because deposits of C1q are usually observed in pathologic conditions and are associated with complement activation. In the case of DECs, we failed to detect immunoglobulins and C4 co-localized with C1q on the cell surface. Surprisingly, DECs expressed mRNA for the three chains of C1q and secreted detectable level of this component in serum-free medium. The ability to synthesize C1q is acquired by DECs during pregnancy and is not shared by…

Human endometrial CD98 is essential for blastocyst adhesion.

2010

Background Understanding the molecular basis of embryonic implantation is of great clinical and biological relevance. Little is currently known about the adhesion receptors that determine endometrial receptivity for embryonic implantation in humans. Methods and Principal Findings Using two human endometrial cell lines characterized by low and high receptivity, we identified the membrane receptor CD98 as a novel molecule selectively and significantly associated with the receptive phenotype. In human endometrial samples, CD98 was the only molecule studied whose expression was restricted to the implantation window in human endometrial tissue. CD98 expression was restricted to the apical surfac…

Cytokines, Selectins and Adhesion Molecules Plasma Levels in Acute Ischaemic Stroke: Relationship with Stroke Subtype, Ischaemic Lesion Site and Clin…

2007

Changes in lymphocyte subsets after cardiac surgery in children.

2001

Children undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) operations have an increased risk of developing severe infections. Impairment of the immune system may contribute to the development of sequelae such as capillary leaks, pulmonary dysfunction and auto-immune reactions. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of cardiac surgery with CPB on the immune system of infants and young children. We conducted a prospective study to investigate the changes in circulating lymphocyte subpopulations in a sample of 21 consecutive infants and young children undergoing cardiac surgery for congenital heart disease. The following statistically significant (P<0.05) results were obtained: leucoc…