Search results for " Classical"

showing 10 items of 301 documents

The modulation of immune complex aggregation by classical pathway-mediated reactions.

1985

Abstract Classical pathway (CP)-triggered reactions of complement-modulated immune complex(IC) aggregation (tetanus toxoid/human anti-tetanus toxoid-IgG; ICs of equivalence) were investigated turbidimetrically during the early stages of reaction. Monospecific Fab'- or Fab-fragments (rabbit) directed against certain complement components were used to block the complement function in normal human serum (NHS). Additionally, parts of the reactions were studied using purified complement components. C1q in serum generated by the addition of EDTA as well as purified C1q were found to increase the IC aggregation. In contrast to C1q, macromolecular C1 is able to inhibit IC aggregation, whereas addit…

EffectorChemistryComplement Activating EnzymesComplement C1qImmunologyToxoidHematologyAntigen-Antibody ComplexComplement System ProteinsComplement C1 Inactivator ProteinsImmune complexComplement componentsComplement (complexity)Classical complement pathwayBiochemistrySolubilityComplement C1ImmunologyImmunology and AllergyHumansComplement Pathway ClassicalComplement ActivationFunction (biology)MacromoleculeImmunobiology
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Activity in the rabbit somatosensory cortex reflects the active procedural memory trace of a classically conditioned eyeblink response.

2003

Behavioral responses and neural responses in the somatosensory cortex were recorded in nine rabbits during the unpaired and paired treatments of classical eyeblink conditioning with a tone conditioned stimulus (CS) and an airpuff unconditioned stimulus. During the unpaired treatment, neither the behavioral nor neural responses to the CS were observed. During the paired treatment, behavioral conditioned response (CR), accompanied by neural activity, was developed. In well-trained animals occasional failures to elicit the CR were accompanied by an absence of neural responses. Nevertheless, the CS modified the behavioral unconditioned response in paired trials, implying that the CR-failures co…

EfferentCentral nervous systemConditioning ClassicalSomatosensory systemProcedural memory03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineMemoryEvoked Potentials SomatosensorymedicineAnimals0501 psychology and cognitive sciences050102 behavioral science & comparative psychologyNictitating MembraneBlinkingGeneral NeuroscienceMemoria05 social sciencesClassical conditioningSomatosensory CortexConditioning EyelidElectrophysiologyElectrophysiologymedicine.anatomical_structureEyeblink conditioningRabbitsPsychologyNeuroscience030217 neurology & neurosurgeryNeuroscience letters
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A multilayer anisotropic plate model with warping functions for the study of vibrations reformulated from Woodcock's work

2013

Abstract In this paper, a suitable model for static and dynamic analysis of inhomogeneous anisotropic multilayered plates is described. This model takes into account the variations of the transverse shear strains through the thickness of the plate by means of warping functions. Warping functions are determined by enforcing kinematic and static assumptions at the interfaces. This model leads to: a 10×10 stiffness matrix coupling to each other the membrane strains, the bending and torsion curvatures, and the x and y-derivatives of the transverse shear strains; and a classical 2×2 transverse shear stiffness matrix. This model has been proven to be very efficient, especially when high ratios be…

EngineeringAcoustics and Ultrasonics[ SPI.MECA.STRU ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of the structures [physics.class-ph]FOS: Physical sciencesKinematicsPhysics - Classical Physics[ PHYS.MECA.STRU ] Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Mechanics of the structures [physics.class-ph]Deflection (engineering)laminateImage warpingStiffness matrixMultilayeredmodelbusiness.industryMechanical EngineeringplateIsotropyMathematical analysiswarping functionsClassical Physics (physics.class-ph)Torsion (mechanics)Equations of motionStructural engineeringCondensed Matter PhysicsPACS : 46.40.-f ; 46.70.De[SPI.MECA.STRU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of the structures [physics.class-ph]Mechanics of Materials[PHYS.MECA.STRU]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Mechanics of the structures [physics.class-ph]Displacement fieldvibrationbusiness
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Some Necessary Revisions of the Neuronal Model Concept of the Orienting Response

1978

Sokolov's neural trace model as well as his entropy model of the orienting response are examined. Both seem inadequate for empirical and theoretical reasons. The role of the relevance aspect of a stimulus is stressed. It is proposed to consider the information transmitted by a stimulus as in some way being weighted by the relevance of the context to which it belongs. It is furthermore proposed to restrict the neural trace concept to the physical properties of the stimulus. Major theoretical gain is achieved by viewing information content of a stimulus and its physical properties independently and by breaking the motivation determining the strength of an orienting response into a situation-s…

Entropy modelEndocrine and Autonomic SystemsCognitive NeuroscienceGeneral NeuroscienceConditioning ClassicalModels NeurologicalInformation TheoryExperimental and Cognitive PsychologyStimulus (physiology)Information theoryOrienting responseNeuropsychology and Physiological PsychologyGeneralization StimulusDevelopmental NeuroscienceNeurologyrestrictOrientationHumansHabituation PsychophysiologicPsychologyBiological PsychiatryCognitive psychologyTRACE (psycholinguistics)Psychophysiology
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Conditioned generalisation in generalised anxiety disorder: the role of concurrent perceptual and conceptual cues

2021

Previous research in extinction indicates no difference in US expectancies for aversive and non-aversive unconditioned stimuli (USs). In this study, we bridged these topics by examining how concurrent perceptual and conceptual cues influence conditioned generalisation of generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) patients by using non-aversive USs. The study included two consecutive phases: acquisition and generalisation. In the acquisition phase, we used blue and purple images as the perceptually conditioned stimuli, images of animals and household items as the conceptually conditioned stimuli, and non-aversive images as unconditioned stimuli (US). In the generalisation phase, we used images conta…

Expectancy theorymedia_common.quotation_subjectConditioning ClassicalExperimental and Cognitive PsychologyFearExtinction (psychology)Anxiety DisordersGeneralization PsychologicalArts and Humanities (miscellaneous)PerceptionGeneralised anxiety disorderDevelopmental and Educational PsychologyAnimalsHumansCuesPsychologymedia_commonCognitive psychologyCognition and Emotion
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Combinatorial proofs of two theorems of Lutz and Stull

2021

Recently, Lutz and Stull used methods from algorithmic information theory to prove two new Marstrand-type projection theorems, concerning subsets of Euclidean space which are not assumed to be Borel, or even analytic. One of the theorems states that if $K \subset \mathbb{R}^{n}$ is any set with equal Hausdorff and packing dimensions, then $$ \dim_{\mathrm{H}} π_{e}(K) = \min\{\dim_{\mathrm{H}} K,1\} $$ for almost every $e \in S^{n - 1}$. Here $π_{e}$ stands for orthogonal projection to $\mathrm{span}(e)$. The primary purpose of this paper is to present proofs for Lutz and Stull's projection theorems which do not refer to information theoretic concepts. Instead, they will rely on combinatori…

FOS: Computer and information sciences28A80 (primary) 28A78 (secondary)General MathematicskombinatoriikkaCombinatorial proofComputational Complexity (cs.CC)01 natural sciencesCombinatoricsMathematics - Metric GeometryHausdorff and packing measures0103 physical sciencesClassical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)FOS: Mathematics0101 mathematicsMathematicsAlgorithmic information theoryLemma (mathematics)Euclidean spacePigeonhole principle010102 general mathematicsOrthographic projectionHausdorff spaceMetric Geometry (math.MG)Projection (relational algebra)Computer Science - Computational ComplexityMathematics - Classical Analysis and ODEsfraktaalit010307 mathematical physicsmittateoria
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Coherent Quantum Tomography

2016

We discuss a quantum mechanical indirect measurement method to recover a position dependent Hamilton matrix from time evolution of coherent quantum mechanical states through an object. A mathematical formulation of this inverse problem leads to weighted X-ray transforms where the weight is a matrix. We show that such X-ray transforms are injective with very rough weights. Consequently, we can solve our quantum mechanical inverse problem in several settings, but many physically relevant problems we pose also remain open. We discuss the physical background of the proposed imaging method in detail. We give a rigorous mathematical treatment of a neutrino tomography method that has been previous…

FOS: Physical sciences01 natural sciencesMatrix (mathematics)neutrino physics0103 physical sciencesClassical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)FOS: MathematicsStatistical physics0101 mathematics010306 general physicsQuantumMathematical PhysicsMathematicsQuantum Physicsinverse problemsgeophysicsApplied Mathematicsta111quantum mechanics010102 general mathematicsMathematical analysisTime evolutionweighted ray transformsMathematical Physics (math-ph)81Q99 81V99 86A22 44A12Inverse problemQuantum tomographyInjective functionComputational MathematicsMathematics - Classical Analysis and ODEsTomographyNeutrinoQuantum Physics (quant-ph)AnalysisSIAM Journal on Mathematical Analysis
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Acoustic Su-Schrieffer-Heeger lattice: Direct mapping of acoustic waveguides to the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model

2021

Topological physics strongly relies on prototypical lattice model with particular symmetries. We report here on a theoretical and experimental work on acoustic waveguides that is directly mapped to the one-dimensional Su-Schrieffer-Heeger chiral model. Starting from the continuous two dimensional wave equation we use a combination of monomadal approximation and the condition of equal length tube segments to arrive at the wanted discrete equations. It is shown that open or closed boundary conditions topological leads automatically to the existence of edge modes. We illustrate by graphical construction how the edge modes appear naturally owing to a quarter-wavelength condition and the conserv…

FOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologyPhysics - Classical PhysicsEdge (geometry)[SPI.MAT] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials01 natural sciences[PHYS] Physics [physics][SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials[SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics]Simple (abstract algebra)Robustness (computer science)0103 physical sciencesMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)Boundary value problem010306 general physicsElectronic band structurePhysics[PHYS]Physics [physics]Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsClassical Physics (physics.class-ph)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyWave equationstatesLattice (module)Classical mechanicsHomogeneous space0210 nano-technology
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Unique continuation of the normal operator of the x-ray transform and applications in geophysics

2020

We show that the normal operator of the X-ray transform in $\mathbb{R}^d$, $d\geq 2$, has a unique continuation property in the class of compactly supported distributions. This immediately implies uniqueness for the X-ray tomography problem with partial data and generalizes some earlier results to higher dimensions. Our proof also gives a unique continuation property for certain Riesz potentials in the space of rapidly decreasing distributions. We present applications to local and global seismology. These include linearized travel time tomography with half-local data and global tomography based on shear wave splitting in a weakly anisotropic elastic medium.

FOS: Physical sciencesx-ray transformSpace (mathematics)01 natural sciencesTheoretical Computer SciencePhysics - GeophysicsContinuationtomografiaClassical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)FOS: MathematicsNormal operatorUniqueness0101 mathematicsAnisotropyMathematical PhysicsMathematicsX-ray transformgeophysicsApplied Mathematics010102 general mathematicsMathematical analysisgeofysiikkaShear wave splittingInverse problemFunctional Analysis (math.FA)Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)Computer Science ApplicationsMathematics - Functional Analysis010101 applied mathematicsMathematics - Classical Analysis and ODEsSignal ProcessingInverse Problems
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An operator view on alliances in politics

2015

We introduce the concept of an {\em operator decision making technique} and apply it to a concrete political problem: should a given political party form a coalition or not? We focus on the situation of three political parties, and divide the electorate into four groups: partisan supporters of each party and a group of undecided voters. We consider party-party interactions of two forms: shared or differing alliance attitudes. Our main results consist of time-dependent decision functions for each of the three parties, and their asymptotic values, i.e., their final decisions on whether or not to form a coalition.

Focus (computing)Physics - Physics and SocietyGroup (mathematics)Applied MathematicsFOS: Physical sciencesPhysics and Society (physics.soc-ph)Multi-party systemPoliticsOperator (computer programming)AlliancePolitical scienceQuantum tools for classical systemSettore MAT/07 - Fisica MatematicaLaw and economics
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