Search results for " Clusters"

showing 10 items of 1091 documents

Bending of ferrofluid droplet in rotating magnetic field

1999

Abstract This paper presents results concerning 2D ferrofluid droplet motion at high values of magnetic field and frequencies above a critical one with respect to droplet ability to follow field rotation. The boundary element method is used to solve 2D equations of a magnetic field and Stokes flow problems. If the viscosity of the ferrofluid is larger than that of the surrounding fluid, droplet exhibits bending, forming “S-shape”. Fluid flow inside the droplet is analyzed and the main stages of periodical rotation of a droplet are reported.

PhysicsRotating magnetic fieldFerrofluidField (physics)MechanicsStokes flowCondensed Matter PhysicsRotationElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsMagnetic fieldPhysics::Fluid DynamicsViscosityClassical mechanicsPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersFluid dynamicsJournal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials
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Electrons on a spherical surface: Physical properties and hollow spherical clusters

2012

We discuss the physical properties of a noninteracting electron gas constrained to a spherical surface. In particular we consider its chemical potentials, its ionization potential, and its electric static polarizability. All these properties are discussed analytically as functions of the number $N$ of electrons. The trends obtained with increasing $N$ are compared with those of the corresponding properties experimentally measured or theoretically evaluated for quasispherical hollow atomic and molecular clusters. Most of the properties investigated display similar trends, characterized by a prominence of shell effects. This leads to the definition of a scale-invariant distribution of magic n…

PhysicsSettore FIS/02 - Fisica Teorica Modelli E Metodi MatematiciShell (structure)ElectronPower lawMolecular physicsSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della MateriaAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSpherical shellelectron laser interactionspherical clustersPolarizabilityIonization energyFermi gasCritical exponentPhysical Review A
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29SiH4 and 30SiH4: Dipole moment parameters of the dyad from Stark effect observations with laser sidebands

1990

Abstract The linear Stark effect within the ν 2 ν 4 dyad of 29SiH4 and 30SiH4 has been investigated by applying the infrared sideband technique at microwave modulation frequencies. Two vibration-induced dipole moment parameters have been measured for each isotopomer on natural abundance samples.

PhysicsSidebandbusiness.industryInfraredLaserAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticslaw.inventionsymbols.namesakeDipoleOpticsStark effectlawMoment (physics)Physics::Atomic and Molecular ClusterssymbolsPhysics::Atomic PhysicsPhysics::Chemical PhysicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsbusinessSpectroscopyTunable laserMicrowaveJournal of Molecular Spectroscopy
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First-principles simulations for attosecond photoelectron spectroscopy based on time-dependent density functional theory

2018

We develop a first-principles simulation method for attosecond time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy. This method enables us to directly simulate the whole experimental processes, including excitation, emission and detection on equal footing. To examine the performance of the method, we use it to compute the reconstruction of attosecond beating by interference of two-photon transitions (RABBITT) experiments of gas-phase Argon. The computed RABBITT photoionization delay is in very good agreement with recent experimental results from [Klünder et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 106, 143002 (2011)] and [Guénot et al., Phys. Rev. A 85, 053424 (2012)]. This indicates the significance of a fully-consiste…

PhysicsSolid-state physicsAtomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)AttosecondFOS: Physical sciencesObservable02 engineering and technologyPhotoionizationTime-dependent density functional theory021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciencesSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della MateriaSpectral linePhysics - Atomic PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsX-ray photoelectron spectroscopyRABBIT0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersAtomic physics010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyExcitationThe European Physical Journal B
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First Glimpse of the N=82 Shell Closure below Z=50 from Masses of Neutron-Rich Cadmium Isotopes and Isomers

2020

We probe the $N=82$ nuclear shell closure by mass measurements of neutron-rich cadmium isotopes with the ISOLTRAP spectrometer at ISOLDE-CERN. The new mass of $^{132}\mathrm{Cd}$ offers the first value of the $N=82$, two-neutron shell gap below $Z=50$ and confirms the phenomenon of mutually enhanced magicity at $^{132}\mathrm{Sn}$. Using the recently implemented phase-imaging ion-cyclotron-resonance method, the ordering of the low-lying isomers in $^{129}\mathrm{Cd}$ and their energies are determined. The new experimental findings are used to test large-scale shell-model, mean-field, and beyond-mean-field calculations, as well as the ab initio valence-space in-medium similarity renormalizat…

PhysicsSpectrometerAb initioShell (structure)Closure (topology)General Physics and AstronomyRenormalization group7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesISOLTRAPIsotopes of cadmium0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersNeutronAtomic physicsNuclear Experiment010306 general physicsPhysical Review Letters
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Electric Field Control of Spin States in Trigonal Two-Electron Quantum Dot Arrays and Mixed-Valence Molecules: II. Vibronic Problem

2018

In this article, the vibronic model for an electric field switchable mixed-valence trimer containing two delocalized electrons or holes is proposed and examined. The role of the vibronic coupling on the electric field effects is analyzed by means of the semiclassical adiabatic approach and, alternatively, with the aid of the numerical analysis of the Schrodinger equation with due allowance for the kinetic energy of the ions (dynamic problem). The adiabatic potential landscapes have been calculated by taking into account the influence of the electric field. As the adiabatic approximation has a limited frame of validity, the study of the electric field effects has also been performed within m…

PhysicsSpin states02 engineering and technologyElectron010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesMolecular physics0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsSchrödinger equationAdiabatic theoremsymbols.namesakeDelocalized electronVibronic couplingGeneral EnergyElectric fieldPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClusterssymbolsPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry0210 nano-technologyAdiabatic processThe Journal of Physical Chemistry C
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Dynamical Casimir-Polder energy between an excited- and a ground-state atom.

2004

We consider the Casimir-Polder interaction between two atoms, one in the ground state and the other in its excited state. The interaction is time-dependent for this system, because of the dynamical self-dressing and the spontaneous decay of the excited atom. We calculate the dynamical Casimir-Polder potential between the two atoms using an effective Hamiltonian approach. The results obtained and their physical meaning are discussed and compared with previous results based on a time-independent approach which uses a non-normalizable dressed state for the excited atom.

PhysicsSpontaneous decayCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesQuantum Physicsquantum fluctuationsFOS: Physical sciencesquantum electrodynamicExcimerAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsCasimir effectsymbols.namesakeQuantum mechanicsExcited stateAtomsymbolsPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersPhysics::Atomic PhysicsAtomic physicsvan der Waals forceHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Ground stateDynamical Casimir-Polder forceQuantum Physics (quant-ph)
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Nonlocal field correlations and dynamical Casimir-Polder forces between one excited- and two ground-state atoms

2006

The problem of nonlocality in the dynamical three-body Casimir-Polder interaction between an initially excited and two ground-state atoms is considered. It is shown that the nonlocal spatial correlations of the field emitted by the excited atom during the initial part of its spontaneous decay may become manifest in the three-body interaction. The observability of this new phenomenon is discussed.

PhysicsSpontaneous decayQuantum PhysicsField (physics)Dynamical dispersion forceFOS: Physical sciencesThree-body forcesCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsCasimir effectQuantum nonlocalityQuantum mechanicsExcited statePhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersCausality and nonlocalityPhysics::Atomic PhysicsObservabilityQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Ground state
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Observation of the Continuous Stern-Gerlach Effect on an Electron Bound in an Atomic Ion

1999

We report on the first observation of the continuous Stern-Gerlach effect on an electron bound in an atomic ion. The measurement was performed on a single hydrogenlike ion ( 12C5+) in a Penning trap. The measured g factor of the bound electron, g = 2.001 042(2), is in excellent agreement with the theoretical value, confirming the relativistic correction at a level of 0.1%. This proves the possibility of g-factor determinations on atomic ions to high precision by using the continuous Stern-Gerlach effect. The result demonstrates the feasibility of conducting experiments on single heavy highly charged ions to test quantum electrodynamics in the strong electric field of the nucleus.

PhysicsStern–Gerlach experimentg factorElectric fieldPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersGeneral Physics and AstronomyPhysics::Atomic PhysicsElectronAtomic physicsPenning trapIonPhysical Review Letters
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The fate of the resonating valence bond in graphene

2011

We apply a variational wave function capable of describing qualitatively and quantitatively the so called "resonating valence bond" in realistic materials, by improving standard ab initio calculations by means of quantum Monte Carlo methods. In this framework we clearly identify the Kekul\'e and Dewar contributions to the chemical bond of the benzene molecule, and we establish the corresponding resonating valence bond energy of these well known structures ($\simeq 0.01$eV/atom). We apply this method to unveil the nature of the chemical bond in undoped graphene and show that this picture remains only within a small "resonance length" of few atomic units.

PhysicsStrongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)Quantum Monte CarloCondensed Matter - SuperconductivityQuantum monte carloGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesResonance (chemistry)Atomic unitsMolecular physicsSettore FIS/03 - Fisica della MateriaSuperconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated ElectronsChemical bondAb initio quantum chemistry methodsResonance valence bondAtomPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsValence bond theoryGrapheneAtomic physicsGeneralized valence bond
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