Search results for " Complement"

Spatially restricted expression of PlOtp, a Paracentrotus lividus Orthopedia-related homeobox gene, is correlated with oral ectodermal patterning and…

1999

ABSTRACT Several homeobox genes are expressed in the sea urchin embryo but their roles in development have yet to be elucidated. Of particular interest are homologues of homeobox genes that in mouse and Drosophila are involved in patterning the developing central nervous system (CNS). Here, we report the cloning of an orthopedia (Otp)-related gene from Paracentrotus lividus, PlOtp. Otp is a single copy zygotic gene that presents a unique and highly restricted expression pattern. Transcripts were first detected at the mid-gastrula stage in two pairs of oral ectoderm cells located in a ventrolateral position, overlying primary mesenchyme cell (PMC) clusters. Increases in both transcript abund…

Bruton tyrosine kinase-like protein, BtkSD, is present in the marine sponge Suberites domuncula.

2003

Sponges, the simplest and most ancient phylum of Metazoa, encode in their genome complex and highly sophisticated proteins that evolved together with multicellularity and are found only in metazoan animals. We report here the finding of a Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK)-like protein in the marine sponge Suberites domuncula (Demospongiae). The nucleotide sequence of one sponge cDNA predicts a 700-aa-long protein, which contains all of the characteristic domains for the Tec family of protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs). The highest homology (38% identity, 55% overall similarity) was found with human BTK and TEC PTKs. Sponge PTK was therefore named BtkSD. Human BTK is involved in the maturation of B …

A galectin links the aggregation factor to cells in the sponge (Geodia cydonium) system.

1996

The cDNA for the full-length lectin from the marine sponge Geodia cydonium was cloned. Analysis of the deduced aa sequence revealed that this lectin belongs to the group of galectins. The full-length galectin, which was obtained also in a recombinant form, has an M(r) of 20,877; in the processed form it is a 15 kDa polypeptide. The enriched aggregation factor from G.cydonium also was determined to contain, besides minimal amounts of the galectin, a 140 kDa polypeptide which is involved in cell-cell adhesion. Monoclonal antibodies have been raised against this protein; Fab' fragments prepared from them abolished cell-cell reaggregation. Cell reaggregation experiments revealed that the aggreg…

Early evolution of metazoan serine/threonine and tyrosine kinases: identification of selected kinases in marine sponges.

1997

The phylum Porifera (sponges) was the first to diverge from the common ancestor of the Metazoa. In this study, six cDNAs coding for protein-serine/threonine kinases (PS/TKs) are presented; they have been isolated from libraries obtained from the demosponges Geodia cydonium and Suberites domuncula and from the calcareous sponge Sycon raphanus. Sequence alignments of the catalytic domains revealed that two major families of PS/TK, the "conventional" (Ca(2+)-dependent) protein kinase C (PKC), the cPKC subfamily, as well as the "novel" (Ca(2+)-independent) PKC (nPKC), form two separate clusters. In each cluster, the sequence from S. raphanus diverges first. To approach the question about the or…

A longitudinal study of C1q and anti-C1q autoantibodies in homologous and heterologous pregnancies for predicting pre-eclampsia

2022

C1q, the recognition molecule of the classical pathway of the complement system, plays a central role in pregnancy. Lack of C1q is characterized by poor trophoblast invasion and pregnancy failure. C1q can be the target of an antibody response: anti‐C1q autoantibodies (anti-C1q) are present in several infectious and autoimmune diseases. The presence of these autoantibodies has been detected also in 2-8% of the general population. Recent evidence indicates that women who undergo assisted reproductive technology (ART) have an increased risk of developing pre-eclampsia (PE), particularly oocyte donation (OD) pregnancies. The aim of this study was to characterize the levels of C1q and anti-C1q i…

La argumentaciòn y la demostraciòn en un context multicultural

2010

Mi descrivi il tuo disegno del Mattoncino Lego? Un’esperienza didattica di matematica nella scuola dell’infanzia

2018

La consapevolezza dell’importanza di guardare, attraverso una lente di tipo matematico, i disegni prodotti dai bambini, considerandoli come strumento diagnostico per quello che D’Amore et al. (2004) chiamano come il “Campo di Esperienza” Spazio, Ordine e Misura, ha dato spunto a questo contributo che discute una sperimentazione didattica condotta in una sezione di scuola dell’infanzia (5 anni). All’interno della stessa è stato chiesto ai bambini di rappresen- tare dei mattoncini Lego con un disegno, e di descrivere successivamente i propri elaborati rintracciando e argomen- tando in essi eventuali segni di scarto numerico-spaziali rispetto al mattoncino osservato/manipolato, attraverso visi…

PICTURES, GESTURES AND DISCOURSES: A CASE STUDY WITH KINDERGARTEN STUDENTS DISCOVERING LEGO BRICKS

The awareness of the importance to look, through a mathematical lens, to the children drawings, gestures and discourses, considering them as diagnostic tools for the mathematics competences, stays at the base of this contribution. It discusses a didactic experience conducted in a Kindergarten (students 5 or 6 years old) in which we asked children to represent and discus a Lego block with a drawing and speech, observed from different prospective. The discussed results seem to us interesting both for researchers in Mathematics Education and for Kindergarten teachers who want to deepen the role of drawing and gestures as an expressive and diagnostic forms to analyze students’ knowledge, abilit…

Adverbes et compléments adverbiaux

2013

The Complement System: Activation and Control

1985

One of the hallmarks of immunology has been analysis and characterization of the C system in biological fluids. It is composed of 11 proteins of the “classical” pathway:1 C1q, C1r, C1s, C4, C2, C3, C5, C6, C7, C8, and C9. There are three proteins of the “alternative” pathway (IUIS-WHO Nomenclature Committee 1981) B, D, and P. Finally, there are four control proteins: C1 inhibitor (Cl¯ INH) and C4b binding protein (C4b-bp) for the classical pathway, I (C3b inactivator or C3b INA) and H (β1 or C3b INA accelerator) for the alternative pathway, and anaphylatoxin inactivator. Due to the dramatic advances in protein chemistry, these 19 distinct serum proteins have been highly purified and charact…