Search results for " DIP"

showing 10 items of 1273 documents

Mucoadhesive Polymer Hyaluronan as Biodegradable Cationic/Zwitterionic-Drug Delivery Vehicle

2014

Mucoadhesive polymers in pharmaceutical formulations release drugs in mucosal areas. They interact and fix to mucus via molecular interpenetration, etc ., which increase drug bioavailability. Polymers physicochemical properties affect formulation mucoadhesion, rheological behaviour and drug absorption. Hyaluronan (HA) is selected as a mucoadhesive and biodegradable polymer. Geometric, topological and fractal analyses are carried out with program TOPO. Reference calculations are performed with algorithm GEPOL. Procedure TOPO underestimates molecular volume by 0.7%. Error results 5% in surface area and derived topological indices. Solvent-accessible surface is undercalculated by 3%: from hexa…

chemistry.chemical_classificationAbsorption (pharmacology)Chemistrylcsh:RM1-950Cationic polymerizationMedicine (miscellaneous)NanotechnologyPolymerBiodegradable polymerBioavailabilitymedicine absorption; medicine delivery; dipole moment; fractal dimension; metal hyaluronate; mucosalcsh:Therapeutics. PharmacologyChemistry (miscellaneous)Drug deliveryMucoadhesionPharmacology (medical)General Pharmacology Toxicology and PharmaceuticsHydrateNuclear chemistryADMET and DMPK
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Kinetic properties of a nucleoside phosphotransferase of chick embryo

1981

1. A nonspecific nucleoside phosphotransferase (nucleotide : 3'-deoxynucleotide 5'-phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.1.77), purified from chick embryos, catalyzes the transfer of phosphate ester from a nucleotide donor to a nucleoside acceptor. 2. The enzyme exhibits sigmoidal kinetics with respect to nucleoside monophosphate donors, but with respect to nucleoside di- or triphosphate donors and nucleoside acceptors hyperbolic kinetics were obtained. 3. The nucleoside phosphotransferase of chick embryo is unstable to heat and is protected from inactivation by a large number of nucleosides. 4. Nucleoside di- and triphosphates lower both the concentration of nucleoside monophosphates required for hal…

chemistry.chemical_classificationHot TemperatureDeoxyribonucleotidesPhosphotransferasesKineticsNucleosidesGeneral MedicineRibonucleotidesNucleotidyltransferaseUridine DiphosphateNucleoside-diphosphate kinasePhosphotransferaseKineticsEnzymeDrug StabilitychemistryBiochemistrySettore BIO/10 - BiochimicaNucleoside phosphotransferaseAnimalsNucleotidechick embryoNucleoside
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Shallow-donor impurities in indium selenide investigated by means of far-infrared spectroscopy.

1992

Shallow impurities in n-type indium selenide (InSe) have been investigated by means of Fourier-transform spectroscopy in the far-infrared region. Three electric dipole transitions have been identified: 1s-2${\mathit{p}}_{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}$, 1s-2${\mathit{p}}_{0}$, and 1s-3${\mathit{p}}_{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}$, corresponding to electrons bound to native donors and tin-, silicon-, and chlorine-related donors, whose ionization energies (17.6, 18.1, 18.8, and 19 meV, respectively) have been determined through the Guerlach-Pollmann model. That model was also used to calculate the oscillator strengths of those dipole transitions, and then to estimate the shallow-donor concentr…

chemistry.chemical_classificationPhysicsDipoleAbsorption spectroscopyCondensed matter physicschemistryOscillator strengthProduct (mathematics)Electric dipole transitionAtomic physicsInorganic compoundSpectral lineShallow donorPhysical review. B, Condensed matter
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Use of two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography for the components study of poly(adenosine diphosphate ribose)

1990

Two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography on cellulose plates has been used for separating and quantifying the three adenosine derivatives: AMP, phosphoribosyl AMP (PRAMP), and (PR)2AMP obtained by venom phosphodiesterase digestion of poly(ADP-ribose). In vitro synthesized polymer, up to 300 derivatives in length were studied. Some parameters of the complexity of poly(ADP-ribose) could be deduced from our results: (i) The first branching point appears in fragments of approximately 21 derivatives in length. (ii) The branching points are located at regular distances of approximately 41 derivatives from each other.

chemistry.chemical_classificationPoly Adenosine Diphosphate RiboseChromatographyPolymersChemistryBiophysicsPoly Adenosine Diphosphate RiboseCell BiologyBranching pointsPolymerBiochemistryAdenosineAdenosine MonophosphateIn vitroThin-layer chromatographyVenom phosphodiesterasechemistry.chemical_compoundmedicineElectrophoresis Polyacrylamide GelChromatography Thin LayerCelluloseMolecular Biologymedicine.drugAnalytical Biochemistry
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NMR Matrix Technique for Detecting Self Diffusion in Polymers

1979

A technique is discussed where monodisperse small spheres or cylindrical fibers of a polymer are embedded in a matrix of the corresponding fully deuterated polymer. On annealing the sample at a temperature above the glass transition the protonated macromolecules diffuse into the deuterated matrix and vice versa. Since the NMR spectrum depends upon the intermolecular proton proton dipolar coupling, the decrease of this coupling can be used to monitor the diffusion process. For particle diameters d ∼ 10−4 cm and annealing times t ∼ 105 s, extremely small diffusion constants D < d2/t are attainable. The NMR analysis of prospective diffusion experiments with polystyrene is discussed in some det…

chemistry.chemical_classificationSelf-diffusionGeneral Chemical EngineeringProtonationNuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyPolymerchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryDeuteriumPolymer chemistryPhysical chemistryPolystyreneGlass transitionMagnetic dipole–dipole interactionBerichte der Bunsengesellschaft für physikalische Chemie
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Regulation of Farnesyl Diphosphate Synthase Gene Expression by Fatty Acids

2003

Cholesterol biosynthesis depends on the activity of regulatory enzymes, including the peroxisomal Farnesyl Diphosphate Synthase (FPPS ). Cholesterol regulates its own synthesis rate. Hence, as a response to cholesterol depletion, a feed back mechanism is activated, whereby sterol regulatory binding proteins (SREBPla, 1c and 2 ) are subjected to sequential proteolytic activation, which permits their interaction with specific DNA response elements from responsive genes. In turn, the transcriptional activity of cholesterol biosynthesis genes is induced. Conversely, cholesterol accumulation decreases SREBP maturation and transcription of controlled genes. In addition, polyunsaturated fatty acid…

chemistry.chemical_classificationbiologyCholesterolPeroxisomeSterolSterol regulatory element-binding proteinchemistry.chemical_compoundFarnesyl diphosphate synthasechemistryBiochemistryLipogenesisbiology.proteinlipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)GenePolyunsaturated fatty acid
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Mimonoside D: a new triterpenoid saponin from Mimosa diplotricha Sauvalle (Fabaceae)

2021

A new triterpenoid saponin (Mimonoside D: 3-O-��-L-arabinopyranosyl-3��-hydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid 28-O-��-D-xylopyranosyl-(1���2)-��-D- glucopyranoside ester (1)) was isolated from the aerial parts of Mimosa diplotricha Sauvalle together with nine known compounds: 7,4���-dihydroxyflavone (2), kaempferol (3), lupeol (4), betulinic acid (5), ��-sitosterol (6), ��-sitosterol-3-O-��-D-glucopyranoside (7), lutein (8), 5,2���-dihydroxy-7,4���,5���-trimethoxyflavone (9) and vitexin (10). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic (1 D and 2 D nuclear magnetic resonance) and high-resolution mass spectrometric data as well as by comparison of their spectral data with those o…

chemistry.chemical_classificationbiologyOrganic ChemistryVitexinPlant ScienceFabaceaebiology.organism_classificationBiochemistryProteus mirabilisAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryBetulinic acidKaempferolMimosa diplotrichaLupeolNuclear chemistryTriterpenoid saponin
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13C NMR spectroscopic study of diphenyl ether and 28 of its polychlorinated derivatives

1993

The 13 C NMR chemical shifts and coupling constants for diphenyl ether and 28 environmentally interesting polychlorinated diphenyl ethers were measured and analysed

chemistry.chemical_compoundChemistryChemical shiftDiphenyl etherOrganic chemistryGeneral Materials ScienceEtherGeneral ChemistryNuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyCarbon-13 NMRPolychlorinated diphenyl ethersMagnetic Resonance in Chemistry
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Low-lying Rydberg states of HCl.

2008

Vertical excitation energies belonging to some different Rydberg series of hydrogen chloride have been determined with a coupled-cluster theoretical approach. These excitation energies have allowed us to calculate electric dipole transition intensities in HCl and allow additional assessment of the calculation approach presently used to provide an adequate description of the valence and Rydberg states of HCl. The molecular quantum defect orbital has been applied to the calculation of oscillator strengths. In particular, new insight is given on the assignment of states as the R1Pi, the 1Delta(4dpi and 5ppi), the 1Sigma+(4dpi), and the nddelta(1Pi, 1Phi) and 4f states.

chemistry.chemical_compoundQuantum defectsymbols.namesakeValence (chemistry)chemistryRydberg atomRydberg formulasymbolsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryElectric dipole transitionAtomic physicsHydrogen chlorideExcitationThe journal of physical chemistry. A
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Applications and stereoselective syntheses of P-chirogenic phosphorus compounds.

2016

International audience; Phosphorus compounds bearing chirality on the P-center are usually qualified as P-chirogenic or P-stereogenic. This chemical class concerns natural products, agrochemistry, molecular materials, biology and pharmacy, although it is certainly in coordination chemistry and in asymmetric catalysis using chiral transition metal complexes that P-chirogenic phosphorus compounds are the most used. The chiral phosphine ligands and their uses in asymmetric metal-catalyzed reactions have been widely reviewed in literature. However, an overview covering the applications as well as the stereoselective syntheses of all classes of phosphorus compounds has not yet been provided. Thi…

chemistry.chemical_elementring-closing metathesis010402 general chemistryenantioselective transfer hydrogenation[ CHIM ] Chemical Sciences01 natural sciencesCoordination complexcatalyzed asymmetric hydrogenationchemistry.chemical_compoundactive phosphine oxides[CHIM]Chemical Scienceschiral diphosphine ligandsOrganic chemistryMolecular materialstransition-metal catalysischemistry.chemical_classificationacyl-transfer catalysts010405 organic chemistryPhosphorusEnantioselective synthesisc migration rearrangementGeneral Chemistry0104 chemical scienceschemistrytert-butylphenylphosphine oxideStereoselectivityray crystal-structureChirality (chemistry)PhosphineChemical Society reviews
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